Space Policy最新文献_第7页

The International Lunar Research Station: China's New Era of Space Cooperation and Its New Role in the Space Legal Order 国际月球研究站：中国空间合作的新时代及其在空间法律秩序中的新作用

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101537

Xiaodan Wu

{"title":"The International Lunar Research Station: China's New Era of Space Cooperation and Its New Role in the Space Legal Order","authors":"Xiaodan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tension between competition and cooperation is common in space activities. China's role in spearheading the International Lunar Research Station, in direct opposition to the US-led Artemis program, demonstrates its strong determination to upgrade its space cooperation. The configuration discourse on the International Lunar Research Station and the Artemis program is clearing a path for a new mixture structure and the interplay of competition and cooperation among space powers. The evolution of China's approach to space cooperation––from an emphasis on national independence to initiating multilateral cooperative platforms––provides insights into understanding the dynamics between techno-nationalism and external constraints, as well as the motivation to increase and an approach towards actually increasing soft power, alongside the development of hard power. This decade-lasting dynamics determines that openness and neutrality are viable means to guarantee the international prospect of China's lunar cooperation platform. Well-designed and targeted engagement measures and overall neutral strategies are needed to realise openness and promote neutrality. To compensate for China's ‘leadership deficit’ in international cooperation, a practical way forward is taking the Artemis program as a point of reference and transplanting the successful American experience while also differentiating from the Artemis program. The interplay of competition and cooperation challenges, forces compromise in, and maintains and develops the space order. Leading an international cooperation venture will accrue the soft power China needs to sustain its hard power and bring new positive energy to the space order. China's unique dual identity as a space power and a developing country could contribute to solving the dilemma of democratisation and decentralisation in the development of international space law.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43117599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Starlink for ASEAN: A Changemaker in the Race Toward Sustainable Development? 东盟的星链：可持续发展竞赛中的变革者？

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101554

Riccardo Corrado , Maximilien Berthet , Morokot Sakal

{"title":"Starlink for ASEAN: A Changemaker in the Race Toward Sustainable Development?","authors":"Riccardo Corrado , Maximilien Berthet , Morokot Sakal","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 2015, highlighting the fundamental role played by connectivity, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) reaffirmed its vision to build a competitive, resilient regional community. Information communications technology (ICT) has been highlighted as an essential component to achieve the multiple dimensions of connectivity across the ASEAN member states (AMS). Currently, however, the development of ICT-related infrastructure in individual AMS is uneven, with gaps in development both between and within countries. It is in this ecosystem that satellite constellations may represent a great opportunity to support connectivity, mostly in those geographical areas where the deployment of terrestrial telecommunication infrastructure would either be physically difficult or financially unsustainable.</p><p><span>The space-related industry is not new to ASEAN. Indeed a few of its members have long histories of engaging with various forms of space development, with investments increasing especially in recent years. Among the currently available satellite constellations, one is attracting particular attention: Starlink. But could this network of low Earth orbit satellites really be a changemaker toward the achievement of full regional connectivity, providing a boost in the race to fulfilling the </span>Sustainable Development Goals?</p><p>To answer this question, we propose a simple two-dimensional framework into which each AMS can be mapped. The two dimensions are the readiness and usefulness of the adoption of Starlink. The score in each dimension is obtained based on three factors against which the AMS are quantitatively evaluated and ranked. The analysis accounts for the heterogeneity of AMS and is supported by secondary data. The proposed approach provides an easy-to-use tool for policymakers and government bodies, to decide whether or not to invest in the adoption of Starlink as a tool for boosting their race toward sustainable development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101554"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49838932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Prospect of Quantum Technologies in Space for Defence and Security 量子技术在国防和安全领域的前景

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101563

Michal Krelina

引用次数: 2

Toward a Spacefaring Society: Enhancing Undergraduate General Education and Learning Outcomes with Space Policy Course Themes 迈向太空社会：以太空政策课程为主题加强本科生通识教育和学习成果

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101535

Joshua D. Ambrosius

{"title":"Toward a Spacefaring Society: Enhancing Undergraduate General Education and Learning Outcomes with Space Policy Course Themes","authors":"Joshua D. Ambrosius","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Space education from a social science perspective, rather than exclusively Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) perspectives, is essential to prepare societies and workforces for humanity's spacefaring future. Interdisciplinary general education courses on space policy have the potential to reach students from more majors than single-discipline courses (such as political science) by enrolling a variety of STEM and business students (among other majors) interested in careers with the space bureaucracy and industry<span>. A case study of a course titled “Toward a Spacefaring Society,” taught from political science<span>, sociological, and economic perspectives, demonstrates through analysis of student assessment and evaluation data that the topic is effective at achieving valuable learning outcomes related to research, communication, methods, and theory in the social sciences. Use of a space theme in a general education course is a promising approach to space education because it differs from the previous emphases in space policy education, which stressed building space knowledge and support by liberal arts majors </span></span></span><em>versus</em> critical, analytical skills that benefit all majors and prepare students for future careers in the space field. Higher education faculty with space-related interests should continue to seek opportunities to offer space-themed courses, including those that fulfill general education requirements and achieve broader learning outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101535"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45500857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Transfer of Space Technologies in Iran: Drivers and Constraints of Success 伊朗空间技术转让:成功的驱动因素和制约因素

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101518

Shahab Shahebrahimi , Maral Mahdad , M.R.M. Aliha , Ali Bonyadi Naeini

{"title":"Transfer of Space Technologies in Iran: Drivers and Constraints of Success","authors":"Shahab Shahebrahimi , Maral Mahdad , M.R.M. Aliha , Ali Bonyadi Naeini","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding how publicly funded technologies could diffuse industries and other sectors in developing countries has been a challenge for researchers in the field of cross-sector technology transfer. Specifically, advanced technologies are rarely commercialized or transferred to industries. Technology transfer projects are highly dependent on many regional and contextual conditions. This study aims to determine how high-tech technology transfer in a developing economy can be operationalized by studying its complexities. A thematic analysis was applied to semi-structured interviews with 18 participants in the qualitative phase, investigating the critical factors affecting the transfer of space technologies to other sectors. The results explained the critical factors within ten categories and their inter-relation with one another. The results suggest that technology transfer in high-tech industries can be better understood if analyzed within a complex paradigm. Policy recommendations and implications have been presented in three layers, dealing with systems, responsibilities, and direct failures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 101518"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41570887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Does Open Innovation Open Doors for Underrepresented Groups to Contribute to Technology Innovation?: Evidence from a Space Robotics Challenge 开放式创新是否为代表性不足的群体打开了为技术创新做出贡献的大门？：来自太空机器人挑战的证据

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101550

Taylan G. Topcu , Lihui “Lydia” Zhang , Zoe Szajnfarber

{"title":"Does Open Innovation Open Doors for Underrepresented Groups to Contribute to Technology Innovation?: Evidence from a Space Robotics Challenge","authors":"Taylan G. Topcu , Lihui “Lydia” Zhang , Zoe Szajnfarber","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) are increasingly being recognized as important policy goals for organizations across government and the industry<span>. Improved DEI has been linked to both substantive improvement in innovation performance and societal good. However, despite a stated emphasis on DEI, progress has not kept up with aspirations. One indirect policy approach that holds promise is wider adoption of Open Innovation (OI) as part of an innovation toolkit. Proponents contend that OI reduces barriers to entry and garners productive contributions from diverse contributors. While there is anecdotal support for the diversifying potential of OI, so far, there is a dearth of empirical evidence connecting OI to DEI with consideration of performance outcomes, beyond `winners´. To study this link directly, this article leverages data from a previously conducted unique field experiment that explicitly tracked the population of potential solvers and their performance on a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) space robotics problem. We found that while OI attracted different solvers than the reference internal workforce, there was important variation in both the extent and direction of the observed differences, with respect to attributes of DEI. For instance, OI attracted proportionally fewer female solvers than the already male-dominated space workforce; and that proportion decreased further among solvers providing quality solutions. On the other hand, OI proved effective at granting access to an international pool of young professionals with potentially novel perspectives. Overall, our findings suggest OI can be an effective tool for achieving </span></span><em>some</em> diversity policy goals, but it is not well-suited for achieving all stated aspects of diversity. Therefore, we suggest a more targeted approach to matching the opportunities for OI to achieve specific policy objectives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 101550"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42112788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: The Evolution of the Irish Space Sector from an Institutional Perspective 站在巨人的肩膀上:从制度角度看爱尔兰航天部门的演变

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101551

L. Brennan, A. Vecchi

引用次数: 0

Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: The Evolution of the Irish Space Sector from an Institutional Perspective 站在巨人的肩膀上:从制度角度看爱尔兰航天部门的演变

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101551

Louis Brennan , Alessandra Vecchi

引用次数: 0

India's Space Economy, 2011–12 to 2020–21: Its Size and Structure 印度空间经济，2011-2012年至2020-2021年：规模和结构