JGH Open最新文献

{"title":"Relationship of difficult endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography cannulation and visual characteristics of papilla","authors":"Amjad Khan,&nbsp;Syeda Qumreen Ahmad,&nbsp;Tayyab Saeed Akhtar,&nbsp;Hamama Tul Bushra,&nbsp;Muhammad Imran,&nbsp;Javeria Zahid Khan,&nbsp;Sanjida Shah,&nbsp;Nadia Haddayat,&nbsp;Saima Mushtaq,&nbsp;Yalin Dong,&nbsp;Weiyi Feng,&nbsp;Yu Fang","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70045","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is commonly used to diagnose and treat bile duct and pancreatic disorders. Successful cannulation of the papilla is crucial for the effectiveness of ERCP; however, sometimes, it can be challenging to achieve. This study explores the relationship between net difficult ERCP cannulation with bile visibility, papilla orifice visibility, and papilla position and compares it with successful cannulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These data were collected from the ERCP database at the Center for Liver Disease, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, between November 2019 and November 2022. IBM SPSS version 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 329 patients, with 186 (56.6%) female and 143 (43.5%) male participants. Most patients were in the 39–48 age group (28.3%), with a mean age of 51 ± 1. Bile visibility was noted in 268 (81.5%) cases, papilla orifice visibility in 296 (90%) participants, atypical papilla in 20 (6.1%), and typical papilla in 309 (93.9%) participants. Bile visibility (<i>P</i> = 0.004) and papilla orifice visibility (<i>P</i> = 0.006) were significantly associated with successful cannulation, while papilla position (<i>P</i> = 0.116) was not. Significant associations were also found between difficult cannulation and bile visibility (<i>P</i> = 0.000), papilla orifice visibility (<i>P</i> = 0.000), and papilla position (<i>P</i> = 0.000).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding this relationship can improve success rates and reduce complications associated with difficult cannulation during ERCP procedures. Further research is needed to establish clear correlations and guidelines for endoscopists to plan appropriate strategies for challenging cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining Renal Recovery in Patients With Hepatorenal Syndrome-Acute Kidney Injury: Experience From North American Studies","authors":"Muhammad A. Mujtaba,&nbsp;Hussien Elsiesy,&nbsp;Sara Faiz,&nbsp;Syed A. Hussain,&nbsp;Ann Kathleen N. Gamilla-Crudo,&nbsp;Aftab Karim,&nbsp;Mohammad Irfan Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Waqar Khattak,&nbsp;Zunaira Zafar,&nbsp;Michael Kueht,&nbsp;Khurram Jamil","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70058","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The degree of improvement in serum creatinine (SCr) has previously been suggested as a sensitive indicator of treatment response in patients with hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury (HRS-AKI), while HRS reversal remains the primary endpoint in clinical trials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of ≥ 30% SCr improvement was analyzed as an exploratory prespecified endpoint in the CONFIRM trial. In this post hoc analysis, intent-to-treat population data from three Phase 3 studies (OT-0401, REVERSE, and CONFIRM) conducted in North America in patients with HRS-AKI were pooled to assess the incidence of &gt; 30% improvement in SCr and its association with clinical outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significantly more patients treated with terlipressin achieved &gt; 30% improvement in SCr compared with those who received a placebo (42.9% vs. 23.4%; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Compared with patients who did not achieve &gt; 30% improvement in SCr, those who achieved this threshold had a lower incidence of renal replacement therapy (RRT) (55.2% vs. 14%, respectively; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and greater overall survival at Day 90 (41.6% vs. 71.1%, respectively; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001); a greater proportion achieved durability of HRS reversal (1% [95% confidence interval, 95% CI: 0] vs. 68.9% [95% CI: 0.6, 0.8]) and more patients were alive without RRT (22.7% vs. 61.6%, respectively; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) or transplant (11.6% vs. 43.0%, respectively; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Additionally, the overall survival and RRT-free survival in the group that achieved &gt; 30% improvement in SCr without HRS reversal were comparable to the overall group that achieved HRS reversal.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of &gt; 30% improvement in SCr levels even without HRS reversal may serve as a clinically meaningful endpoint to define renal recovery in patients with HRS-AKI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey Assessing Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Knowledge Among Hepatologists and Non-Hepatologists in China","authors":"Laura Colombo","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70054","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A global increase in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) prevalence has been observed in the last decade. This study assesses knowledge, awareness, and clinical practice gaps of hepatologists and non-hepatologists in NAFLD management across hospitals in China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A web-based quantitative survey was conducted, and participants included hepatologists (gastroenterologists and infectious disease specialists) and non-hepatologists (internal medicine specialists, cardiologists, and pharmacists) from various hospitals across China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 1627 healthcare practitioners (HCPs) responded to the survey. This included 658 hepatologists and 969 non-hepatologists. In comparison to 92.6% hepatologists, only 58.0% of non-hepatologists were aware of NAFLD. A higher proportion of hepatologists (82.8%) performed screening for NAFLD compared to non-hepatologists (56.9%). Majority of the hepatologists (70%) and non-hepatologists (67%) were aware of the four primary recommendations for managing NAFLD. Only 11% of hepatologists did not manage NAFLD patients, mainly because they felt they did not have enough time (66.7%). Of the 36% non-hepatologists who did not manage NAFLD, 78.4% stated that NAFLD is not their specialty, and 38.6% were not familiar with the treatment options.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most hepatologists were aware of and agreed to performing screening for NAFLD compared to non-hepatologists. Both hepatologists and non-hepatologists exhibited similar level of understanding on NAFLD management. However, a small percentage of both hepatologists and non-hepatologists admitted that they did not manage NAFLD patients because they were not familiar with available treatment options. This underscores the importance of further educating HCPs involved in managing NAFLD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Liver Steatosis Among Workers in Ouagadougou and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Delphine Napon-Zongo,&nbsp;Jeoffray Diendere,&nbsp;Armel M. Sanou,&nbsp;Abou Coulibaly,&nbsp;Abdoulaye Dera,&nbsp;Nina G. M. Ouattara,&nbsp;Augustin N. Zeba,&nbsp;Seni Kouanda","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70069","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Liver steatosis prevalence is growing, linked to the current worldwide epidemics of obesity and Type 2 diabetes. In sub-Saharan Africa, data on apparent healthy workers must still be included. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hepatic steatosis and its associated factors in the workplace.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to October 2022 in seven selected public and private works places in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Workers still in activity were enrolled by random sampling. Sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics and blood pressure measurements were performed using standard procedures. Blood samples for fasting blood glucose, cholesterol (total, HDL, LDL), triglycerides, transaminases (AST, ALT), gamma-glutamyl-transferase, C reactive protein, uric acid, surface antigen of hepatitis B (HBsAg), antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), and HIV antibodies have been realized. Liver steatosis was assessed by FIBROSCAN with controlled attenuation parameter (CAP). An adjusted logistic regression analysis was performed. A significance level of 5% was applied. A total of 500 workers were included in this study. Among them, 293 (58.6%) were men. The prevalence of hepatic steatosis was 18% (95% CI: 14.7–21.7). Factors associated with hepatic steatosis were age over 50 (<i>p</i> = 0.038), waist circumference (<i>p</i> = 0.0001), body mass index (<i>p</i> = 0.008), and cytolysis (<i>p</i> = 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Liver steatosis affects almost a fifth of working people. Health policies must step up the fight against obesity and other nutrition-related noncommunicable diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Pyloshot in combination with standard four-drug antimicrobial treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Hossein Azad,&nbsp;Ahmad Hotrmati,&nbsp;Seyed S Sarkeshikian,&nbsp;Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi,&nbsp;Fatemehsadat Razavinia,&nbsp;Mohammad Eshaghi Far,&nbsp;Mehdi Pezeshgi Modarres","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70046","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The treatment for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> is considered to be a combination of several strict regimens, with patients' dissatisfaction and poor compliance. Probiotics are effective in patients' antibiotic regimens. This study investigated the efficacy of the Pyloshot probiotic in combination with standard four-drug therapy in patients with <i>H. pylori</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is an interventional study. The study population consisted of patients with <i>H. pylori</i> infection who were selected using the convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups: (i) A or standard four-drug therapy (amoxicillin-clarithromycin-bismuth-pantoprazole) plus two placebo capsules (80 cases). (ii) B or Pyloshot group (standard four-drug therapy plus 2 Pyloshot probiotic capsules) (90 cases). Patients were followed up for 1 month after treatment completion. Eradication of <i>H. pylori</i> was also assessed using the stool antigen test. Data were analyzed using SPSS (v.26) statistical software.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on the results from the present study, the number of negative stool antigen tests in group A was less than that in group B, and no statistically significant relationship was found between <i>H. pylori</i> eradication (based on stool antigen test) and the studied groups (<i>P</i> = 0.20). There was a statistically significant relationship between vomiting (<i>P</i> = 0.03), diarrhea (<i>P</i> = 0.04), constipation (<i>P</i> = 0.01), and headache (<i>P</i> = 0.04); vomiting and constipation were most frequent in the control group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on the results of the present study, there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of treatment with Pyloshot probiotic and the standard four-drug therapy in patients with <i>H. pylori</i> infection. However, the incidence of side effects was lower in the group treated with Pyloshot.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11625933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinomas Based on Circumferential Localization","authors":"Natsuki Ishida,&nbsp;Satoshi Osawa,&nbsp;Kiichi Sugiura,&nbsp;Tomohiro Takebe,&nbsp;Kenichi Takahashi,&nbsp;Yusuke Asai,&nbsp;Satoshi Tamura,&nbsp;Tomoharu Matsuura,&nbsp;Mihoko Yamade,&nbsp;Moriya Iwaizumi,&nbsp;Yasushi Hamaya,&nbsp;Takanori Yamada,&nbsp;Ken Sugimoto","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70063","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In terms of their longitudinal positioning, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) commonly arises in the middle segment of the esophagus. However, limited attention has been given to the circumferential aspect. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of ESCC lesions resected via endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), taking into consideration both longitudinal and circumferential positions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively evaluated 193 ESD-resected ESCC lesions and compared the occurrence rate of ESCC development and the degree of histopathological invasion across various circumferential and longitudinal positions. We scrutinized lesion characteristics by location, with a particular focus on the proportion of early-stage small lesions in each site.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Regarding lesion location, 27 were situated on the anterior wall, 62 on the left, 66 on the posterior, and 38 on the right. Among the four circumferential positions, the anterior wall group had the smallest median tumor size. Additionally, the anterior wall group had the highest proportions of lesions with invasion depths limited to the epithelial layer and sizes &lt; 10 mm, at 44.4% and 25.9%, respectively. Furthermore, a significant difference was noted among the four circumferential positions with respect to the proportion of ESCC lesions satisfying both criteria, with the highest proportion observed in the anterior wall group (<i>p</i> = 0.049).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest that while ESCC occurrence on the anterior wall is less frequent, these lesions may present as small lesions with superficial invasion depths.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11624006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142796399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Versus Conventional Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Laterally Spreading Tumors (LSTs): A Retrospective Multicenter Study","authors":"Hongxia Li,&nbsp;Yiping Hong,&nbsp;Linhua Yao,&nbsp;Xia Ji,&nbsp;Dan Chen,&nbsp;Maogen Tao,&nbsp;Huihui Yan,&nbsp;Jiamin Chen,&nbsp;Lingling Wang,&nbsp;Liyi Xu,&nbsp;Leilei Wang,&nbsp;Erfei Luo,&nbsp;Jianting Cai,&nbsp;Wei Wei","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70066","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an established treatment for laterally spreading tumors (LSTs). Hybrid ESD, a novel technique, is gaining popularity for colorectal neoplasms. This study aimed to compare hybrid ESD with conventional ESD for treating LSTs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from patients with colorectal LSTs ≥ 10 mm who underwent ESD at six centers from May 2020 to April 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. The study assessed baseline characteristics, hospitalization costs, and outcomes (operative time, R0 resection rate, complications).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>890 patients were included: 490 underwent conventional ESD and 400 hybrid ESD. Hybrid ESD showed significantly shorter procedure times and lower hospitalization costs compared to conventional ESD. However, the R0 resection rate and lifting sign positivity were lower with hybrid ESD. Subgroup analysis indicated potential cost savings and shorter operative times for lesions 10–30 mm with hybrid ESD, without compromising R0 resection rates. For lesions ≥ 30 mm, hybrid ESD had lower R0 resection rates despite cost savings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hybrid ESD offers a viable alternative to conventional ESD for LSTs sized 10–30 mm, reducing procedure duration and costs while ensuring R0 resection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11618409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Immunosuppressive Therapy, Vaccination, and Monoclonal Antibody Use With Outcomes in Liver and Kidney Transplant Recipients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Ashley Francis,&nbsp;Ammad Javaid Chaudhary,&nbsp;Abdullah Sohail,&nbsp;Zahid I. Tarar,&nbsp;Ali Jaan,&nbsp;Joseph P. Cavataio,&nbsp;Sara Farooqui,&nbsp;Adarsh Varma,&nbsp;Syed-Mohammed Jafri","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70072","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients who have undergone solid organ transplantation are at an elevated risk of severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) because of post-transplantation immunosuppressive therapy. However, optimization of vaccination, modification of immunosuppression, and implementation of monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy in transplant recipients with COVID-19 is uncertain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on patients who underwent liver or kidney transplants and were diagnosed with COVID-19. The association of several vaccine doses, mycophenolate therapy, and mAB therapy with mortality outcomes after COVID-19 diagnosis (3 and 6 months), hospitalization, and length of hospital stay were assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study included 255 patients with a median age of 59 (23–89) were included. Many COVID-19 vaccine doses were not associated with any outcome; however, patients with a liver transplanted with mycophenolate had higher 3-month (19% vs. 0%; <i>p</i> = 0.02) and 6-month (21% vs. 0%; <i>p</i> = 0.01) mortality rates than those who did not. In addition, transplant recipients who received mAb therapy for COVID-19 were less likely to be hospitalized (37% vs. 68%; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For organ transplant recipients with COVID-19, vaccination alone may not be an optimal strategy for preventing serious outcomes. Rather, the types of organ transplant, immunosuppressive therapy (particularly mycophenolate), and COVID-19 treatment strategy should be synergistically considered to promote an optimal therapeutic dynamic for a vulnerable population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11617588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forecasting Alcohol-Related Liver Disease Mortality Trends in Younger Populations Using Advanced Time-Series Models: A 1999–2030 Analysis","authors":"Hassam Ali,&nbsp;Vinay Jahagirdar,&nbsp;Hanna Blaney,&nbsp;Dushyant Singh Dahiya,&nbsp;Manesh K. Gangwani,&nbsp;Pratik Patel,&nbsp;Umar Hayat,&nbsp;Fouad Jaber,&nbsp;Douglas A. Simonetto,&nbsp;Sanjaya K. Satapathy","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) has emerged as a significant public health concern, particularly among younger populations. ALD remains the leading cause of alcohol-attributable deaths. This study aims to forecast ALD mortality trends up to 2030, focusing on individuals under 55 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We utilized data from the CDC WONDER database (1999–2022) to examine ALD-related deaths, identified by ICD-10 codes (K70.0–K70.9). Crude mortality rates (CMRs) per 100 000 were analyzed and temporal trends were assessed using annual and average annual percent changes (APC/AAPC) with empirical quantile confidence intervals. An Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was employed to project mortality rates until 2030, validated through time series cross-validation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 1999 to 2022, there were 181 862 ALD-related deaths among individuals under 55, with mortality rates increasing from 3.9 per 100 000 in 1999 to 9.7 per 100 000 in 2022 (AAPC 4.66%, 95% CI: 3.90%–5.86%). Projections suggest rates will continue to rise, reaching 14.4 per 100 000 by 2030. From 1999 to 2022, the 25–34 age group experienced the highest increase, with an AAPC of 10.27% (95% CI: 9.19%–11.35%), while the 35–44 and 45–54 age groups showed more moderate increases, with AAPCs of 5.03% and 4.38%, respectively. Projections indicate an AAPC of 3.86% for ages 25–34, 3.90% for ages 35–44, and 6.17% for ages 45–54 by 2030.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forecasts indicate a continued rise in ALD mortality among individuals under 55, necessitating immediate public health strategies to mitigate this trend.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Severe Post-Biopsy Bleeding and Perforation in Gastric Amyloidosis","authors":"Sho Matsuyama,&nbsp;Akihisa Fukuda,&nbsp;Go Yamakawa,&nbsp;Taro Ueo,&nbsp;Hiroshi Seno","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We herein describe a case of severe post-biopsy bleeding and perforation in gastric amyloidosis. A 70-year-old man who had been on dialysis underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy and biopsy was performed. Post-biopsy bleeding occurred, and three times of coagulation hemostasis and once clip hemostasis were performed. After the hemostasis, he eventually had a gastric perforation and omental patch surgery was performed, however, he passed away after the surgery. From the pathological finding of biopsy specimen, he was diagnosed with gastric amyloidosis caused by dialysis-related amyloidosis. In patients of amyloidosis, the risk of bleeding and perforation is elevated due to vascular and tissue fragility. Therefore, when performing hemostasis in patients with gastrointestinal amyloidosis, clip hemostasis which minimizes tissue damage is considered preferable to coagulation hemostasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}