{"title":"Microstructure and Shear Properties Evolution of Minor Fe-Doped SAC/Cu Substrate Solder Joint under Isothermal Aging","authors":"Quanzhen Li, Chengming Li, Xiaojing Wang, Shanshan Cai, Jubo Peng, Shujin Chen, Jiajun Wang, Xiaohong Yuan","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01691-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40195-024-01691-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Different amounts of Fe (0.005, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.07 wt%) were added to SAC305 to study the shear behavior damage of Fe-doped SAC solder joints under thermal loading (170 °C, holding time of 0, 250, 500, and 750 h). The results show that during isothermal aging at 170 °C, the average shear force of all solder joints decreases with increasing aging time, while the average fracture energy first increases and then decreases, reaching a maximum at 500 h. Minor Fe doping could both increase shear forces and related fracture energy, with the optimum Fe doping amount being 0.03 wt% within the entire aging range. This is because the doping Fe reduces the undercooling of the SAC305 alloy, resulting in the microstructure refining of solder joints. This in turn causes the microstructure changing from network structure (SAC305 joint: eutectic network + β-Sn) to a single matrix structure (0.03Fe-doped SAC305 joint: β-Sn matrix + small compound particles). Specifically, Fe atoms can replace some Cu in Cu<sub>6</sub>Sn<sub>5</sub> (both inside the solder joint and at the interface), and then form (Cu,Fe)<sub>6</sub>Sn<sub>5</sub> compounds, resulting in an increase in the elastic modulus and nanohardness of the compounds. Moreover, the growth of Cu<sub>6</sub>Sn<sub>5</sub> and Cu<sub>3</sub>Sn intermetallic compounds (IMC) layer are inhibited by Fe doping even after the aging time prolonging, and Fe aggregates near the interface compound to form FeSn<sub>2</sub>. This study is of great significance for controlling the growth of interfacial compounds, stabilizing the microstructures, and providing strengthening strategy for solder joint alloy design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":"37 7","pages":"1279 - 1290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140616991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iman Ansarian, Reza Taghiabadi, Saeid Amini, Mohammad Hossein Mosallanejad, Luca Iuliano, Abdollah Saboori
{"title":"Improvement of Surface Mechanical and Tribological Characteristics of L-PBF Processed Commercially Pure Titanium through Ultrasonic Impact Treatment","authors":"Iman Ansarian, Reza Taghiabadi, Saeid Amini, Mohammad Hossein Mosallanejad, Luca Iuliano, Abdollah Saboori","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01696-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40195-024-01696-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multi-pass ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) was applied to modify the microstructure and improve the mechanical and tribological characteristics at the near-surface region of commercially pure Ti (CP-Ti) specimens produced by the laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) method. UIT considerably refined the L-PBF process-related acicular martensites (α′-M) and produced a well-homogenized and dense surface microstructure, where the porosity content of 1-, 3-, and 5-pass UITed samples was reduced by 43, 60, and 67%, respectively. The UITed samples showed an enhancement in their near-surface mechanical properties up to a depth of about 300 μm. The nanoindentation results for the 3-pass UITed sample revealed an increase of about 53, 45, and 220% in its nanohardness, <i>H</i>/<i>E</i><sub>r</sub>, and <i>H</i><sup>3</sup>/<i>E</i><sub>r</sub><sup>2</sup> indices, respectively. The stylus profilometry results showed that performing the UIT removed the L-PBF-related features/defects and offered a smooth surface. The roughness average (<i>R</i><sub>a</sub>) and the skewness (<i>R</i><sub>sk</sub>) of the 3-pass UITed sample were found to be lower than those of the L-PBFed sample by 95 and 223%, respectively. Applying the UIT also enhanced the material ratio, where the maximum load-bearing capacity (~ 100%) in as-L-PBFed (as-built) and 3-pass UITed samples was obtained at 60- and 10-µm depths, respectively. The tribological investigations showed that applying the UIT resulted in a significant reduction of wear rate and average coefficient of friction (COF) of CP-Ti. For instance, under the normal pressures of 0.05 and 0.2 MPa, the wear rate and COF of the 3-pass UITed sample were lower than those of the L-PBFed sample by 65 and 58%, and 20 and 17%, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":"37 6","pages":"1034 - 1046"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ziyue Xu, Huan Liu, Luyao Li, Chao Sun, Xi Tan, Baishan Chen, Qiangsheng Dong, Yuna Wu, Jinghua Jiang, Jiang Ma
{"title":"Effect of Room Temperature Ultrasonic Vibration Compression on the Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of AZ91 Alloy","authors":"Ziyue Xu, Huan Liu, Luyao Li, Chao Sun, Xi Tan, Baishan Chen, Qiangsheng Dong, Yuna Wu, Jinghua Jiang, Jiang Ma","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01692-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40195-024-01692-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To investigate the potential of direct ultrasonic vibration on improving the performance of magnesium alloys, this study first employed the ultrasonic vibration compression (UVC) on the solid solution treated AZ91 alloy, and explored its microstructure evolution and mechanical properties under UVC. Within only two seconds, the UVC alloys showed large deformation strains of 34.8–54.4%, and sudden increase of sample temperature to 243 °C. Microstructure characterizations proved that UVC promoted the formation of abundant shear bands, fine grains, and the bimodal distribution of Mg<sub>17</sub>Al<sub>12</sub> precipitates consisting of submicron particles located within the shear bands and nano-sized ones within the matrix. Owing to the unique microstructure, the micro-hardness (and nano-hardness) value of UVC alloy was increased by 37.7% (35%) when compared with the solution-treated alloy. Moreover, the nano-modulus of the developed AZ91 alloy was also significantly increased to 62 GPa by statistical nanoindentation tests, which could be ascribed to increased Mg<sub>17</sub>Al<sub>12</sub> precipitates and decreased <i>c</i>/<i>a</i> value to some extent. In general, this work provides a new insight into the design and preparation of high-performance magnesium alloys by UVC at room temperature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":"37 7","pages":"1135 - 1146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Nitrogen Doping on Microstructures and Irradiation Resistance of Ti–Zr–Nb–V–Mo Refractory High-Entropy Alloy","authors":"Huanzhi Zhang, Tianxin Li, Qianqian Wang, Zhenbo Zhu, Hefei Huang, Yiping Lu","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01686-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40195-024-01686-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Interstitial strengthening with nitrogen (N) is one of the effective ways to improve the mechanical properties of HEAs, but the effects of N on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the irradiated HEAs have not been studied extensively. Here, the microstructures and mechanical properties of N-free and N-doped Ti<sub>2</sub>ZrNbV<sub>0.5</sub>Mo<sub>0.2</sub> HEAs before and after He irradiation were investigated. The results showed that the solid solution strengthening caused by interstitial N improved the yield strength at room temperature and 1023 K without significantly reducing plasticity. N doping significantly promoted the growth, aggregation and wider spatial distribution of He bubbles by enhancing the mobility of He atoms/He-vacancy complexes, with the average size of He bubbles increasing from 10.4 nm in N-free HEA to 31.0 nm in N-doped HEA. In addition, N-doped HEA showed a much higher irradiation hardness increment and hardening fraction than N-free HEA. Contrary to conventional materials doped with N, the introduction of N into Ti<sub>2</sub>ZrNbV<sub>0.5</sub>Mo<sub>0.2</sub> HEA had adverse effects on its resistance to He bubble growth and irradiation hardening. The results of this study indicated that N doping may not improve the irradiation resistance of HEAs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":"37 6","pages":"1007 - 1018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140593893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jidong Wang, Tengfei Yin, Wenlong Qi, Xuanpeng Li, Yang Zhao, Tao Zhang, Fuhui Wang
{"title":"Investigation of the Corrosion and Passive Behavior of HP-13Cr Stainless Steel in Formate Annulus Protection Fluid","authors":"Jidong Wang, Tengfei Yin, Wenlong Qi, Xuanpeng Li, Yang Zhao, Tao Zhang, Fuhui Wang","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01689-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40195-024-01689-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The corrosion and passive behavior of HP-13Cr stainless steel (HP-13Cr SS) in formate annulus protection fluid was investigated. HP-13Cr SS exhibited good passive behavior in clean formate annulus protection fluid, which was attributed to a thinner and more dense passive film mainly composed of Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. In the formation water solution, the passive film was composed of metastable Cr(OH)<sub>3</sub>, which was explained by the isoelectric point theory, resulting in the deterioration of the passive behavior of HP-13Cr SS. When the formation water penetrated the formate annulus protection fluid, a large number of loose FeCO<sub>3</sub> particles formed in the corrosion scales, thus HP-13Cr SS suffered severe corrosion. Therefore, avoiding formation water penetrating the formate annulus protection fluid is conducive to improving the service life of HP-13Cr SS oil tubes in extremely aggressive environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":"37 6","pages":"1087 - 1103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Artificial Cooling Extrusion on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg–Zn–Y Alloys","authors":"Qi-Yu Liao, Da-Zhi Zhao, Qi-Chi Le, Wen-Xin Hu, Yan-Chao Jiang, Wei-Yang Zhou, Liang Ren, Dan-Dan Li, Zhao-Yang Yin","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01681-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40195-024-01681-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–Zn–Y alloys with different Zn/Y atomic ratios with or without artificial cooling (AC) extrusion were systematically investigated in this work. The results show that bimodal microstructure consisting of submicron dynamic recrystallized (DRXed) grains with high fraction of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) and elongated unDRXed grains was formed in Mg<sub>98.7</sub>Zn<sub>1</sub>Y<sub>0.3</sub> alloy with AC extrusion. The AC process effectively limits the growth of precipitated phases, and large amount of nanoscale precipitates were dynamically precipitated during the extrusion process. AC extrusion could effectually refine the lamellar 14H LPSO phases and inhibit the transition from stacking faults to LSPO phases in Mg<sub>98</sub>Zn<sub>1</sub>Y<sub>1</sub> alloy and the narrow LPSO phase in Mg<sub>98</sub>Zn<sub>1</sub>Y<sub>1</sub>-AC alloy which could promote the nucleation of DRXed grains. The AC extrusion significantly improves the strength of Mg–Zn–Y alloys. Owing to AC extrusion, the strength improvement of Mg<sub>98.7</sub>Zn<sub>1</sub>Y<sub>0.3</sub> alloy is mainly attributed to fine grain strengthening, dislocation strengthening, and nano-phases precipitation strengthening. After AC process, more fine grains and nano-phases jointly strengthen the Mg<sub>98</sub>Zn<sub>1</sub>Y<sub>1</sub> alloy. The Mg<sub>98</sub>Zn<sub>1</sub>Y<sub>1</sub> alloy obtains optimal mechanical properties after extrusion at 623 K, with ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 406 MPa, yield strength (YS) of 388 MPa, and elongation (EL) of 5.6%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":"37 7","pages":"1115 - 1127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Ball Milling Time on Microstructure and Hydrogen Storage Properties of Nd5Mg41Ni Alloy","authors":"Zeming Yuan, Chenxu Liu, Xiaoming Li, Yongqi Sui, Zhonggang Han, Tingting Zhai, Dianchen Feng, Yanghuan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01693-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40195-024-01693-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mg-based alloys must be dehydrogenated at high pressure and temperatures, limiting their practical application. In this paper, Nd<sub>5</sub>Mg<sub>41</sub>Ni alloy was prepared by vacuum melting, and the as-cast alloy was ball milled for 5 h, 10 h, 15 h, and 20 h. The effect of ball milling time on the microstructure and hydrogen storage properties of the alloy was systematically studied. The alloy comprises Nd<sub>5</sub>Mg<sub>41</sub>, NdMg<sub>12</sub>, NdMg<sub>3,</sub> and Mg<sub>2</sub>Ni phases. The Nd<sub>5</sub>Mg<sub>41</sub>Ni alloy milling for 10 h can reach 95% of the saturated hydrogen absorption at 553 K by 40 s, and the alloy can desorb hydrogen only by 20 min. The dehydrogenation activation energy is only 99.9 kJ/mol H<sub>2</sub>. Ball milling makes the alloy produce many nanocrystalline and amorphous structures. The nano-grain boundary provides a channel for the diffusion of hydrogen atoms, and the high energy at the grain boundary provides energy for the phase deformation nucleus. Ball milling leads to the refinement of alloy particles and shortens the diffusion distance of hydrogen atoms to the interior of alloy particles. Defects such as twins and dislocations generated by milling provide energy for the phase deformation nucleus during the hydrogen absorption and desorption.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":"37 7","pages":"1201 - 1214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Factors Influencing the High Stretch–Flangeability of a Low-Density 1180 MPa Fe–Mn–Al–C–Nb δ-QP Steel","authors":"Dan-Dan Cui, Peng Chen, Peng-Fei Wang, Xiao-Wu Li","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01688-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40195-024-01688-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Low-density δ-quenching and partitioning (δ-QP) steels with excellent strength and ductility have been recently developed. However, there are still rare reports on the formability of δ-QP steels, which are critical for satisfying the manufacture of structural parts during the application in automotive industry. In the present work, an 1180 MPa Fe–Mn–Al–C–Nb δ-QP steel with a high ductility was adopted for the stretch–flangeability study. The δ-QP steel was developed by separated quenching and partitioning processes. A good hole expansion ratio (HER) of 34.9 ± 0.9% was obtained in the quenched steel, but it has been further increased to 52.2% by the tempering treatment. The improved stretch–flangeability was attributed to the enhanced austenite stability and deformation uniformity. On the one hand, the stability of austenite was increased by carbon partitioning during tempering, which reduced crack possibility via the suppression of the fresh martensite formation. On the other hand, the tempering treatment released the internal stress caused by martensitic transformation and reduced the difference in strength among different phases, resulting in an increase in the resistance to crack initiation and propagation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":"37 8","pages":"1291 - 1300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140746622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Post-weld Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V Ultra-Thick Steel Plate","authors":"Yanyang Wu, Zongye Ding, Wenquan Lu, Jingchao Hou, Qiaodan Hu, Jianguo Li","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01676-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40195-024-01676-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ensuring the homogeneous and excellent mechanical properties of 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V ultra-thick steel plate is the key to the production of hydrogenation reactor equipment. Thus, it is required to understand the heterogeneity of microstructures and properties of ultra-thick plate after heat treatment. In this work, the effect of post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) on the strength, plasticity, toughness and microstructures of the 193-mm-thick steel plate was investigated, and the formation mechanism of heterogeneity was elucidated. The PWHT decreased the room- and high-temperature yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the steel plate after normalizing and tempering (NT), while the room- and high-temperature YS and UTS decreased from the surface to the center of 193-mm-thick steel plate. It was attributed to the enhanced decomposition of martensite–austenite (M–A) constituents and coarsening of grains and precipitated carbides.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":"37 6","pages":"1104 - 1114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140750054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hong-Wei Zhang, Li-Wei Lan, Zhe-Yu Yang, Chang-Chun Li, Wen-Xian Wang
{"title":"Microstructure Evolution and Nanomechanical Behavior of Micro-Area in Molten Pool of Selective Laser Melting (CoCrNi)82Al9Ti9 High-Entropy Alloy","authors":"Hong-Wei Zhang, Li-Wei Lan, Zhe-Yu Yang, Chang-Chun Li, Wen-Xian Wang","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01684-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40195-024-01684-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, the phase evolution mechanism and nanomechanical properties of (CoCrNi)<sub>82</sub>Al<sub>9</sub>Ti<sub>9</sub> high-entropy alloy (HEA) prepared by selective laser melting (SLM) in the molten pool were studied. This HEA contains multiple primary elements and undergoes high-temperature gradient and rapid cooling during SLM. This leads to significant inhomogeneity of nano-scale microstructure characteristics and instability of properties. After optimizing process parameters, the microstructure evolution at the optimal parameter volume energy density of 440 J/mm<sup>3</sup> was studied. A phase transition from BCC to FCC occurred in the melt micro-zone. Remelting the micro-area of the melt pool results in a temperature rise and the combustion-induced loss of Al elements. Moreover, the Ni element content increases significantly outside the melt pool. This process enhances the phase stability of FCC and facilitates phase transitions. Additionally, rapid cooling leads to the formation of distinctive ultrafine equiaxial crystals inside the melt pool, accompanied by the generation of intracrystalline needle-like nano-scale phases. Outside the melt pool, the accumulation of energy results in the formation of coarse dendrites. Therefore, the nano-hardness inside the molten pool is remarkably high at 11.79 GPa, while the outside the molten pool is reduced to 9.58 GPa. And the fracture toughness outside the melt pool also decreased. Comparing with inside the melt pool, the residual stress outside the melt pool changed from compressive to tensile stress and decreased from 603.28 to 322.84 MPa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":"37 6","pages":"1019 - 1033"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140746781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}