{"title":"Effect of Ta on Tensile Behavior and Deformation Mechanism of a Nickel-Based Single Crystal Superalloy","authors":"Mingtao Ge, Xinguang Wang, Yongmei Li, Zihao Tan, Xipeng Tao, Yanhong Yang, Liang Wang, Chunhua Zhang, Song Zhang, Yizhou Zhou, Xiaofeng Sun","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01753-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-024-01753-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effects of Ta on the tensile behavior and deformation mechanisms of a Ni-based single crystal superalloy were investigated in this study from room temperature to elevated temperature. The findings demonstrated that the higher content of Ta could improve the tensile properties of the alloy at different temperatures. Due to the different deformation mechanisms at various temperatures, the influence of Ta on tensile deformation varied. At room temperature, the higher content of Ta enhanced the solid solution strengthening, which would enhance the tensile strength of 6.5Ta alloy. After standard heat treatment of 6.5Ta alloy, precipitation of the secondary <i>γʹ</i> phase would hinder the movement of dislocations. When the temperature was elevated to 760 °C, the higher content of Ta not only promoted the interaction of stacking faults to form Lomer–Cottrell (L-C) locks that impeded dislocation motion, but also reduced the occurrence of dislocation pile-up groups, thus enhancing the yield strength. At 1120 °C, due to the narrower <i>γ</i> channels and higher APB energy in <i>γʹ</i> phase of the alloy with higher Ta addition, the processes of bypassing and shearing of dislocations were hindered, respectively. Meanwhile, the denser and more regular dislocation networks were formed in 6.5Ta alloy; and thus, the tensile strength of 6.5Ta alloy was enhanced. This study systematically investigated the effect of Ta on the tensile behavior at three different temperatures, which provided an important theoretical basis for the design of nickel-based single crystal superalloys in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.755,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141740036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"First-Principles Calculations on Electronic Structure, Adhesion Strength, and Interfacial Stability of Mg(0001)/AlB2(0001) Nucleation Interface","authors":"Bo Li, Yonghua Duan, Mengnie Li, Lishi Ma, Shanju Zheng, Mingjun Peng","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01737-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-024-01737-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, Mg(0001)/AlB<sub>2</sub>(0001) interfaces with various terminations and stacking orders were constructed, and the atomic and electronic structures and adhesion work (<i>W</i><sub>ad</sub>) of the interface were investigated using the first-principles calculations. Notably, during the geometry optimization process, the B-mid-top (B-MT) Mg(0001)/AlB<sub>2</sub>(0001) interface exhibits the most significant interface changes and manifests the least stability. Horizontal movement of Mg atoms in the first layer of the Mg surface slab, along the normal direction, results in a structure akin to the structurally optimized hexagonal close-packed (HCP) interface. The B-HCP interface demonstrates the highest stability, the largest ideal <i>W</i><sub>ad</sub>, and the smallest interface distance. The interface enhances the binding strength of the Mg-side sub-interface, but diminishes the binding strength of the AlB<sub>2</sub>-side sub-interface. Furthermore, Mg atoms can form metallic/covalent mixed bonds with Al atoms on the Al-terminal AlB<sub>2</sub> surface and form ionic bonds with B atoms on the B-terminal AlB<sub>2</sub> surface. Mg(0001)/AlB<sub>2</sub>(0001) interface has good bonding properties. This research provides strong theoretical support for an in-depth understanding of Mg/AlB<sub>2</sub> interface characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.755,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141740034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huifang Zhang, Jun Xie, Qi Li, Hao Wu, Jinjiang Yu, Hongyu Chai, Fengjiang Zhang, Jinguo Li, Yizhou Zhou, Xiaofeng Sun
{"title":"Influence of Substituting W for Nb or Hf on Solidification Behavior of a Typical Co–Ni–Al–W Based Superalloy","authors":"Huifang Zhang, Jun Xie, Qi Li, Hao Wu, Jinjiang Yu, Hongyu Chai, Fengjiang Zhang, Jinguo Li, Yizhou Zhou, Xiaofeng Sun","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01749-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-024-01749-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the effects of various elements on solidification behavior is crucial for designing the composition of <i>γ</i>’-strengthened Co-based superalloys and is fundamental for controlling the as-cast structure and formulating subsequent heat treatment processes. This research investigated the effects of replacing 1 at.% W with 1 at.% Nb or Hf elements on the solidification behavior of Co–Ni–Al–W-based superalloys. The findings revealed that substituting W with Nb and Hf resulted in a notable decrease in both the solidus temperature (<i>T</i><sub>S</sub>) and liquidus temperature (<i>T</i><sub>L</sub>). Specifically, the substitution of W with Nb lowered <i>T</i><sub>S</sub> from 1353 °C to 1332 °C and <i>T</i><sub>L</sub> from 1383 °C to 1368 °C, while replacing W with Hf decreased <i>T</i><sub>S</sub> from 1353 °C to 1330 °C and <i>T</i><sub>L</sub> from 1383 °C to 1366 °C. Moreover, both Nb and Hf element are positive segregation element, while Nb decreases and Hf increases W segregation, respectively. During the final solidification stage, the substitution of W with Nb resulted in the formation of eutectic (<i>γ</i> + <i>γ</i>’), Co<sub>3</sub>Ta, and a small amount of <i>μ</i>-Co<sub>7</sub>Nb<sub>6</sub> phase, while replacing W with Hf resulted in the formation of the Laves phase and <i>β</i>-CoAl phase. The solidification paths of the three alloys were confirmed based on the result of differential scanning calorimetry, isothermal solidification experiment and Thermo-calc simulation. These results offer a theoretical basis for the composition design and optimization of heat treatment processes for Co–Ni–Al–W-based superalloys.</p>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.755,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141740035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High Strength and Heat Resistance of Low-RE-Containing Mg Alloy Achieved via Substantial Dynamic Precipitates","authors":"Dongdong Zhang, Mingyang Chen, Xiaoru Zhang, Ke Li, Liqing Wang, Zhanyong Zhao, Peikang Bai, Daqing Fang","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01751-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-024-01751-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conventional high-strength Mg-RE-based wrought alloys usually contain a high amount of RE solutes, which largely increases the alloy cost and thus restricts their adoptions. In this work, we developed a low-RE-containing Mg-3Sm-1Nd-0.6Zn-0.4Zr alloy by hot extrusion with low extrusion ratio, which shows a high tensile yield strength (TYS) of 435 MPa and a satisfactory elongation of 5.6% at room temperature, outperforming most Mg-Gd-Y-based extrusion alloys with RE contents of 12 wt% at least. Outstanding high-temperature strength, such as the TYS of 280 MPa at 200 °C and 251 MPa at 250 °C, is also obtained in this alloy. The alloy presented a typical bimodal grain structure including coarse hot-worked grains with a strong texture and fine recrystallized grains with random orientations. Also, abundant Mg<sub>3</sub>RE particles were mostly introduced in hot-worked grains and at recrystallized grain boundaries by dynamic precipitation during extrusion. Consequently, the high strength of this alloy is principally attributed to the combined hardening effect of numerous Mg<sub>3</sub>RE particles, fine recrystallized grains, and strongly textural hot-worked grains, rather than the ultra-strong age-hardening effect in traditional high RE-alloyed Mg alloys.</p>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.755,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141740033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Le Xia, Haijun Su, Quandong Hu, Yinuo Guo, Peixin Yang, Hongliang Gao, Minghui Yu, Min Guo, Zhuo Zhang, Lin Liu, Hengzhi Fu
{"title":"Effects of Post-Heat Treatment and Carbide Precipitates on Strength-Ductility Balance of GH3536 Superalloy Prepared by Selective Laser Melting","authors":"Le Xia, Haijun Su, Quandong Hu, Yinuo Guo, Peixin Yang, Hongliang Gao, Minghui Yu, Min Guo, Zhuo Zhang, Lin Liu, Hengzhi Fu","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01748-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-024-01748-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The strength and ductility cannot achieve a good tradeoff for some superalloy (e.g. GH3536) prepared by selective laser melting (SLM), which seriously restricts their industrial applications. This work examined the effect of post-heat treatment (HT) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of GH3536 produced by SLM. In particular, the influence of carbide precipitate morphology and distribution on strength and ductility of the alloy after heat treatment was discussed. After aging at 650 °C (denoted as HT1), the Cr<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> carbides were distributed in chains. The ductility increased by approximately 31%, while the strength slightly decreased. After aging at 745 °C (denoted as HT2), the Cr<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> carbides were distributed in chains. However, the HT2 samples showed an increase in ductility of ~ 58% and no reduction in strength. As the dislocation density of HT2 sample was higher than that of the HT1 sample, the chain carbides could be pinned to the grain boundaries, consequently improving the ductility but no loss in strength as compared with the as-deposited samples. When the aging temperature was increased to 900 °C (denoted as HT3), the carbides were distributed in a discontinuous granular form. As a result, the HT3 samples presented the lowest dislocation density which reduced the strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.755,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141740031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microstructure Characteristics, Texture Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Al–Mg–Si–Mn–xCu Alloys via Extrusion and Heat Treatment","authors":"Zulai Li, Yingxing Zhang, Junlei Zhang, Xiang Chen, Suokun Chen, Lujian Cui, Shengjie Han","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01713-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-024-01713-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, the impact of extrusion and post-extrusion heat treatment (T6) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Al-1.2Mg-0.8Si-0.5Mn alloy with different Cu contents (0, 0.6, 1.3 and 2.0 wt%) was studied. Microstructure characterization showed that all extruded alloys exhibited elongated grain structure with an average grain size of ~ 4.8 μm. The dominant texture components were deformation texture (A*, Copper and P texture), while the proportion of random texture initially increased and then decreased with increasing Cu content. After T6 treatment, the grain size of the four alloys increased significantly, but the growth trend decreased with increasing Cu content, and the textures transformed into recrystallized textures (Cube, A and Goss texture). Tensile testing revealed that the designed T6 alloys with 2.0% Cu content exhibited an excellent strength-ductility balance, i.e., a yield strength of 342.9 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength of 424.8 MPa and an elongation of 15.9%. The enhanced strength was mainly attributed to fine grain strengthening, solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening mechanisms. The superior ductility was due to the pinning effect of fine precipitates and high dislocation accommodation capacity caused by heat treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.755,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qisi Wang, Qingchuan Wang, Xingxing Wang, Fan Liu, Ke Yang
{"title":"Untypical Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of High-Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steel: Non-Pitting in Transpassivation","authors":"Qisi Wang, Qingchuan Wang, Xingxing Wang, Fan Liu, Ke Yang","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01743-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-024-01743-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The transpassivation and pitting corrosion behavior of a high-nitrogen stainless steel (HNS), Fe18Cr15Mn3Mo0.92N, were systematically investigated by electrochemical analysis, morphology observation, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy surface analysis. It was surprisingly found that no pitting corrosion occurred in the transpassivation region of HNS. This electrochemical corrosion behavior is untypical for stainless steels, i.e., the traditional critical pitting potential method was invalid for HNS. Both N and Cr enrichments in the transpassivation film on HNS were found extremely higher than those in the passivation film. The N existed in the form of [CrN] complex, which could stabilize the above both films. Besides, the corrosion product of N was detected as NH<sub>3</sub> that exhibited an effective corrosion inhibition effect. On this basis, although the transition of Cr from 3-valent to 6-valent was confirmed, the transpassivation film on HNS still maintained it high stability and no pitting was found to occur. Therefore, the real pitting resistance of HNS should be higher than the expected before. And the stable transpassivation film played an important role in its untypical pitting corrosion resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.755,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Temperature and Grain Boundary on Void Evolution in Irradiated Copper: A Phase-Field Study","authors":"Qionghuan Zeng, Yiming Chen, Zhongsheng Yang, Yunhao Huang, Zhijun Wang, Junjie Li, Jincheng Wang","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01725-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-024-01725-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The continued existence of high-energy radiation in nuclear reactors at high temperatures results in the formation of radiation-induced voids, which will further lead to inevitable swellings of polycrystalline structural components and thus premature failures. A deep understanding of the effect of temperature and grain boundary on void evolution in irradiated copper is significant for preventing this kind of failures. Here, the phase-field method was employed to study void evolution in irradiated copper under different temperatures and grain sizes. The results show that, due to the different sensitivities of point defect production rate and vacancy diffusion rate to temperature changes, both the nucleation-growth rate and the coarsening rate during void evolution increase first and then decrease with increasing temperature; moreover, the nucleation mechanism exhibits site-saturated nucleation at low temperatures while continuous nucleation at high temperatures. The presence of grain boundary can accelerate the emergence of void because grain boundaries can absorb more interstitials than vacancies. The finer the grain size, the stronger inhibitory effect of grain boundaries on the growth rate of void, due to the formation of void denuded zone near grain boundaries. At high temperatures, the growth rate of void in fine grains is significantly reduced due to the increase of vacancy diffusion rate and the enhancement of sink effect of grain boundary on vacancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.755,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141553227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental and DFT Investigations of AlNbTiVZr High Entropy Alloys with Excellent Mechanical Properties","authors":"Hongwei Yan, Yong’an Zhang, Wei Xiao, Boyu Xue, Rui Liu, Xiwu Li, Zhihui Li, Baiqing Xiong","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01716-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-024-01716-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the microstructure and mechanical properties of AlNbTiVZr series high-entropy alloys (HEAs) through both experimental studies and density functional theory calculations. Significant improvements in the microstructures and mechanical properties were achieved for the AlNbTiVZr series HEAs by meticulously adjusting the alloy composition and employing homogenization heat treatment. Notably, the specimen designated as Al<sub>0.5</sub>NbTiVZr<sub>0.5</sub> demonstrated excellent mechanical properties including a compressive yield strength of 1162 MPa and a compressive strength of 1783 MPa. After homogenization heat treatment at 1000 °C for 24 h, the Al<sub>0.5</sub>NbTiVZr<sub>0.5</sub> alloy exhibits brittle-to-ductile transition. Further atomic-scale theoretical simulations reveal that the decrease of Al content intrinsically enhances the ductility of the alloys, thereby indicating that the mechanical properties of the AlNbTiVZr series HEAs were significantly influenced by the chemical composition. Additionally, specific atomic pair formations were observed to adversely affect the microstructure of the AlNbTiVZr series HEAs, particularly in terms of ductility. These findings provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of light weight HEAs, emphasizing the synergistic adjustment of alloy composition and heat treatment processes to achieve a balance between the strength and ductility.</p>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.755,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141502102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Atomistic Insights into the Irradiation Resistance of Co-Free High Entropy Alloy FeMnNiCr","authors":"Chunhui Wang, Lei Guo, Rui Li, Qing Peng","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01738-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-024-01738-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We have investigated the displacement cascade irradiation resistance behavior of a cobalt-free high entropy alloy FeMnNiCr using molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that defects in FeMnNiCr form in small clusters, and their migration is significantly inhibited, leading to a higher defect recombination rate and a lower number of residual defects compared to Ni. Additionally, FeMnNiCr exhibits a longer thermal peak life and lower thermal conductivity compared to Ni, providing a longer time for defect migration and combining. The migration of defect clusters in FeMnNiCr displays three-dimensional properties, attributed to its high chemical disorder. After prolonged irradiation, defects in FeMnNiCr stabilize as small clusters, whereas point defects in Ni tend to form large defect clusters and evolve into dislocations. Considering the feature of absence of the element cobalt, our results imply that FeMnNiCr has great potential in application in nuclear energies.</p>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.755,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141502103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}