Bryan S. Weber , Ali Moghtaderi , Paolo Cappellari
{"title":"Effects of congestion surcharges: From ridership to competition and safety","authors":"Bryan S. Weber , Ali Moghtaderi , Paolo Cappellari","doi":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the effects of a 2019 congestion surcharge on for-hire-vehicle and taxi usage in New York City. We use a difference-in-differences method to evaluate both the change in rides during this period and the coinciding decline in pickups. We find a significant decline in rides originating from the charged area (11%), and a parallel reduction in collisions (5%), injuries (9%), and some fatalities, suggesting that the policy has successfully created the intended reduction in vehicular activity. Taxis appear to lose a larger number of rides than their competition, both in single-passenger and shared rides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45761,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transportation","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Zhang , A.I. Czerny , J. van Ommeren , H.-M. Niemeier
{"title":"Intertemporal price dispersion: The role of competition","authors":"H. Zhang , A.I. Czerny , J. van Ommeren , H.-M. Niemeier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper considers European airline markets to establish a causal effect of competition on pricing dynamics. It shows that intertemporal price dispersion is strongly reduced by competition because flights booked close to departure time are priced substantially lower when competition increases. This way competition mainly benefits late bookers. Low-cost carrier competition appears to have a strong and lasting negative effect on intertemporal price dispersion. The effect of competition by full-service carriers is moderate and seems to disappear in the long run. This study confirms the crucial importance of low-cost carrier competition for European aviation markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45761,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transportation","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100424"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alex Marsh , Garrett Scott , Drew Van Kuiken , Jonathan W. Williams
{"title":"Should I stay or should I go? An empirical analysis of consumer behavior using airline web-traffic data","authors":"Alex Marsh , Garrett Scott , Drew Van Kuiken , Jonathan W. Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We analyze consumer search and purchase behavior in response to airline revenue-management practices using data from a major carrier’s website and Google Flights. We first describe patterns in search timing, purchase decisions, and paid fares. Then we estimate a multinomial logistic regression to identify factors driving search timing, finding that single adults with loyalty status, especially booking one-way nonstop itineraries, tend to search closer to departure. Next, we use a binary logistic model of conversions of searches to sales, showing that competitors’ prices and changing customer composition explain rising conversion probabilities as departure nears. Finally, using a fixed-effects regression, we reveal how search and booking patterns affect prices paid. Late-arriving travelers, particularly single adults with loyalty status, pay substantially more, consistent with the airline’s pricing strategies that segment more inelastic customers. Overall, our findings underscore how revenue-management, competitor fares, and consumer characteristics jointly shape online search and purchase behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45761,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transportation","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impacts of airline corporate social responsibility in the air transport industry","authors":"Adrián Nerja , Mariola Sánchez","doi":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the implications of airline corporate social responsibility (CSR) uptake in the air transport industry. Then, we extend the analysis considering the impact of parallel airline alliances on CSR of airlines. The results suggest that airports play a crucial role in shaping the CSR practices of airlines and that this impact should be viewed in the context of a network in the downstream market. When an airline adopts CSR, it can lead to an increase in social welfare and consumer surplus if the degree of substitutability of services provided by the airline and its parallel alliance is high enough.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45761,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transportation","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mark A. Andor , Fabian T. Dehos , Kenneth T. Gillingham , Sven Hansteen , Lukas Tomberg
{"title":"Public transport pricing: An evaluation of the 9-Euro ticket and an alternative policy proposal","authors":"Mark A. Andor , Fabian T. Dehos , Kenneth T. Gillingham , Sven Hansteen , Lukas Tomberg","doi":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In summer 2022, Germany allowed nationwide access to public transport for just 9 euros per month. In this paper, we examine the effects of this “9-Euro Ticket” and compare our results with other analyses that use different empirical approaches. The evidence shows that the ticket induced only a marginal shift from car to public transport and that it has primarily been used to expand mobility rather than to substitute car trips. We approximate the welfare effects of the policy by estimating the short-run marginal value of public funds to be around 1. Compared to other potential policies, this value is relatively low and indicates that alternative policies could achieve a higher welfare gain at comparable costs. Based on these results and in conjunction with evidence from similar programs and insights from economic theory, we propose and discuss the introduction of dynamic pricing for public transport as a welfare-enhancing alternative.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45761,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transportation","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of carbon pricing on tourist destinations: Shifts in demand, supply and emissions in the European aviation market","authors":"Xavier Fageda , Katrin Oesingmann","doi":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper provides novel evidence of the impact of the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) as applied to the aviation sector on tourist destinations. We use annual data at the route level for the period 2010–2022 and consider a sample comprising a large set of European cities of origin, on the one hand, and tourist destinations in Europe, North and West Africa and the Middle East, on the other. We apply a difference-in-differences analysis to a matched sample and find that the EU ETS has led to less emissions, less flights and to a lower extent less seats. In contrast, we do not find a negative impact of the EU ETS on passenger numbers. While the attractiveness of tourist destinations in Europe does not seem to have been affected by the EU ETS, our results suggest that it has promoted greater efficiency in airline operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45761,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transportation","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100414"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anca D. Cristea , Megersa Abate , Daniel A. Benitez
{"title":"Towards a competitive air transport market in Africa: The role of bilateral air service agreements liberalization","authors":"Anca D. Cristea , Megersa Abate , Daniel A. Benitez","doi":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the impact of bilateral air service agreements (ASAs) on air passenger transport in Africa and quantifies the consumer welfare effects associated with air transport liberalization. Using an unbalanced panel of 71 country pairs from Africa observed over the period 2011–2019, the paper estimates the extent to which bilateral ASA liberalization affects: 1) passenger travel, 2) average air fares, 3) flight frequency, and 4) market competition within a country pair. Our empirical analysis employs the difference-in-differences estimation method and pays close attention to the endogeneity concerns coming from the simultaneity and reverse causality surrounding pricing, demand, and frequency decisions. Our results indicate that both partial and full liberalization of bilateral ASAs lead to a reduction in air fares, and to an increase in air travel demand and flight frequency, respectively. We find no evidence that market competition, as measured by the number of operating airlines, increases following liberalization. After quantifying all the channels through which the policy environment can affect air transport markets in Africa, we find that aviation liberalization generates consumer benefits that are equivalent to a 38 percent drop in air fares, i.e., the price equivalent effect of air liberalization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45761,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transportation","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100412"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Road illumination and nighttime pedestrian deaths: Evidence from moonlight","authors":"Justin Tyndall","doi":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Of the 7500 pedestrian road deaths recorded in the US in 2022, 79% took place during the night. Low lighting reduces visibility, potentially increasing the frequency and severity of vehicle-pedestrian collisions. I use complete US data on 193,000 nighttime pedestrian deaths, spanning 1975 to 2022. Nightly variation in moonlight provides a natural experiment that exogenously impacts road illumination. Across the US, nighttime pedestrian deaths are 5% lower when the moon is at its brightest, compared to a night with no moonlight. Under cloud-free conditions, peak moonlight causes a 17% drop in pedestrian deaths. In rural areas with low artificial lighting, the effect is 39%. I establish a clear causal relationship between road illumination and pedestrian safety. A small increase in ambient light causes a large improvement in pedestrian outcomes. The finding has policy implications for road safety and the artificial lighting of roadways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45761,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transportation","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Telecommuting and the recovery of passenger aviation post-COVID-19","authors":"Anca D. Cristea , Anna Miromanova","doi":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air passenger transport has been dramatically impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic due to lockdown policies and social distancing mandates. However, once restrictions were lifted, air traffic has reverted very slowly to pre-pandemic levels with many markets still recovering from the downturn. We try to understand what causes this sluggish recovery of air passenger transport and ask whether it could be related to structural changes in business and working arrangements post-pandemic. Specifically, we consider if the dramatic shift towards telecommuting and remote work has transformed the nature of business interactions in the marketplace, leading to a negative demand shock for air travel. We use U.S. city-level data on the fraction of jobs that can be performed remotely to proxy for telecommuting, and employ a difference-in-differences estimation method to investigate if air travel demand post-COVID is lower in cities with a larger share of remote work, all else equal. An event study analysis using monthly data evaluates differences in air passenger traffic across cities in the periods leading up to the COVID-19 outbreak and during its aftermath, distinguishing between cities with a higher versus lower share of remote jobs. All the estimation results lend support to the hypothesis that the raise in telecommuting following the COVID-19 pandemic has slowed down the recovery of air travel to pre-pandemic levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45761,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transportation","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100409"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Currents of change: Social-environmental valuation of electric ships for sustainable passenger transport","authors":"André Oliveira , Gualter Couto , Pedro Pimentel","doi":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecotra.2025.100413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air and maritime transport services enable mobility and economic and social development, but they have significant environmental impacts. To reduce carbon emissions, there is a growing trend towards adopting electric ships for short-distance passenger transport. Nonetheless, there is a lack of appropriate valuation frameworks. This paper proposes a framework specifically tailored for evaluating investments in electric ships, considering the economic, environmental, and social impacts. A real options approach balancing users' utility is used, with demand following a stochastic process and unexpected jumps. Using the Azores as an empirical case study, the results revealed that investing 25 million euros in electric ships yields a significantly positive impact on social welfare (1906 million euros). For long-distance travel, maritime transport's impact on social welfare is diminished, making it less suitable. Embracing electric ships can unlock new possibilities for enhancing social welfare and sustainability. The contribution of this paper lies in its unique approach, as very few frameworks enable the comprehensive social-environmental valuation of green investments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45761,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transportation","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}