International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Non-viable chicken embryos: an overlooked niche harbouring a significant source of multidrug resistant bacteria in the poultry production.","authors":"Ruwani Karunarathna,&nbsp;Khawaja Ashfaque Ahmed,&nbsp;Mengying Liu,&nbsp;Chenfang Yu,&nbsp;Shelly Popowich,&nbsp;Kalhari Goonewardene,&nbsp;Thushari Gunawardana,&nbsp;Shanika Kurukulasuriya,&nbsp;Ashish Gupta,&nbsp;Lisanework E Ayalew,&nbsp;Philip Willson,&nbsp;Musangu Ngeleka,&nbsp;Susantha Gomis","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2019.1698145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2019.1698145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global issue, posing a grave threat to the public, animal, and environmental health. The AMR surveillance at the level of the hatchery is crucial to develop an AMR control strategy in the poultry industry. The objective of this study was to investigate the AMR profiles of bacteria isolated from yolk material of non-viable broiler chicken embryos at hatch from commercial hatcheries in western Canada. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method focusing on <i>Escherichia coli</i> (n = 170) and <i>Enterococcus</i> (n = 256) species, which are commonly used as indicators of AMR evolution. <i>E. coli</i> isolates were resistant to tetracycline, ampicillin, amoxycillin-clavulanic acid, triple sulpha, ceftiofur, gentamycin, and spectinomycin at the rate of 52.9%, 50.6%, 40.0% 31.8%, 29.4%, 29.4%, 21.8% respectively. Among those, 37.1% of <i>E. coli</i> were multidrug resistant. The descending order of antimicrobial resistance of <i>E. faecalis</i> was; tetracycline (61.9%), ceftiofur (46.2%), bacitracin (43.9%), erythromycin (31.4%) and tylosin (27.4%). Multidrug resistance was detected in 40.4% of <i>E. faecalis</i> isolates, and 85.7% of <i>E. faecium</i> isolates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on AMR surveillance of non-viable chicken embryos. Overall, the present study revealed that non-viable chicken embryos, an overlooked niche for AMR surveillance, harbour multidrug-resistant <i>E. coli</i>, and enterococci that can be a substantial source of superbugs in the environment. Our data also highlight the urgency of including non-viable chicken embryos in AMR surveillance programme to understand AMR dissemination and its control.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"9-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23144599.2019.1698145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37665531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preservation techniques of stem cells extracellular vesicles: a gate for manufacturing of clinical grade therapeutic extracellular vesicles and long-term clinical trials.","authors":"Mohamed M Bahr,&nbsp;Mohamed S Amer,&nbsp;Khaled Abo-El-Sooud,&nbsp;Ahmed N Abdallah,&nbsp;Omar S El-Tookhy","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2019.1704992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2019.1704992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized vesicles released by different cells and have been separated from most of the body fluids. These vesicles play a central role in cell-to-cell communications as carry a distinct cargo including proteins, RNA species, DNAs, and lipids that are meant to be shipped and exchanged between cells at both systemic and paracrine levels. They serve in regulating normal physiological processes. EVs released from stem cells exert similar therapeutic effect to their originating cells. Clinical application of EVs requires the preparation of sufficient and viable active therapeutic EVs as well as implementing suitable methods for long-term preservation to expedite both their clinical and commercial uses. Cryopreservation is the most common method used to preserve decomposable biomaterials. However, cryopreservation causes cryoinjury to cells which therefore necessitate the use of cryoprotectants. Two types of cryoprotectants exist: penetrating and non-penetrating. In freeze drying, the watery content is sublimed from the product after it is frozen. This drying process is pertinent to thermo-liable substances and those unstable in aqueous solutions for prolonged storage periods. In spray drying technique, the solution containing EVs is firstly atomized, then droplets are rapidly converted into a dry powder using heated gas. Even with the exposure to high temperatures of the drying gas, spray drying is considered suitable for heat-sensitive materials. EVs are considered a promising cell-free therapy, but the lack of proper preservation limits its benefits. Preservation of EVs will initiate a vast amount of clinical trials on different species and different clinical problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23144599.2019.1704992","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37665530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> effects of tannin and extracts of <i>Bridelia ferruginea</i> and <i>Mitragyna inermis</i> on the exsheathment of infective larvae of <i>Haemonchuscontortus</i>.","authors":"Esaïe Tchetan,&nbsp;Erick V B Azando,&nbsp;Pascal A Olounladé,&nbsp;Géorcelin G Alowanou,&nbsp;Sylvie M Hounzangbé-Adoté","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2020.1837056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2020.1837056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Bridelia ferruginea</i> (Euphorbiaceae) and <i>Mitragyna inermis</i> (Rubiaceae) are two plants of the beninese pharmacopeia used <i>in vivo</i> for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) in small ruminants. The objective of the present study is to explore the mechanism of bioactive compounds involved in the action of these two plants on the third-stage infective larvae (L3s) of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i>. Thus, sheathed L3s of <i>H. contortus</i> were incubated with acetone extracts of <i>B. ferruginea</i> and <i>M. inermis</i> at concentrations of 0, 150, 300, 600 and 1200 µg/mL for 3 h at 25°C. The L3s were then washed and artificially submitted to exsheathment in the presence of sodium hypochlorite solution. The role of tannins was verified by adding a tannin inhibitor, polyvinyl polypyrrolidone (PVPP), to the acetone extracts of these two plants for 2 h at 25°C. Acetone extracts from <i>B. ferruginea</i> and <i>M. inermis</i> inhibited the exsheathment of <i>H. contortus</i> larvae (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and this inhibitory effect was dose-dependent for <i>M. inermis</i> at the concentrations tested. Treatment of <i>B. ferruginea</i> and <i>M. inermis</i> extracts with PVPP was associated with a partial restoration of the exsheathment kinetics of <i>H. contortus</i> larvae (<i>p</i> < 0.001), confirming the predominant role of tannins but also the residual role of other secondary metabolites. These <i>in vitro</i> results suggest that these plants are endowed with anthelmintic (AHs) properties and therefore likely to be used as alternatives to synthetic molecules.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"93-99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23144599.2020.1837056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9145846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of some nanoparticles in the field of veterinary medicine.","authors":"Fady Sayed Youssef, Hossny Awad El-Banna, Hesham Youssef Elzorba, Ahmed Mohamed Galal","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2019.1691379","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23144599.2019.1691379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanotechnology is a fast-growing technology that plays an important great impact on various fields of therapeutic applications. It is capable for solving several problems related to animal health and production. There are different nano-systems such as liposomes, metallic nanoparticles, polymeric micelles, polymeric nanospheres, functionalized fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, polymer-coated nanocrystals and nanoshells. In this review, we mentioned different methods for the preparation and characterization of nanoparticles. This review is concerned mainly on nanoparticle systems for antibiotic delivery which suffer from poor bioavailability and many side effects. Nanoparticles are characterized by many features include their minimal size, colossal surface zone to mass extent. The development of antimicrobials in nanoparticle systems is considered an excellent alternative delivery system for antimicrobials for the treatment of microbial diseases by increasing therapeutic effect and overcoming the side effects. In this paper, we reviewed some antimicrobial nanoparticle preparations and we focused on florfenicol and neomycin nanoparticle preparations as well as chitosan and silver nanoparticles preparations to prepare, characterize and compare their different pharmacological effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"78-93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23144599.2019.1691379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37603345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of <i>Launaea taraxacifolia</i> and resveratrol on milk yield and serum prolactin and oxytocin levels: a lactogenic study.","authors":"Na'imatu A Sani,&nbsp;Mohammed U Kawu,&nbsp;Ibrahim G Bako","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2019.1694307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2019.1694307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inadequacy of milk supply to meet the increasing human population coupled with a decreasing livestock population has necessitated the need for a potent galactogoue. The aim of this study was to compare the lactogenic effects of <i>Launaea taraxacifolia</i> (PLT) and resveratrol in Wistar rats. After parturition, 25 primiparous female Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups of 5 dams each. Dams in groups I, II, III, IV and V were administered distilled water (DW: 2 ml/kg), metochlopromide (MET: 15 mg/kg), resveratrol (RES: 5 mg/kg), <i>n</i>-hexane leaf fraction of <i>L. taraxacifolia</i> (PLT: 333 mg/kg) and the combination of RES + PLT (CO: 5 mg + 333 mg/kg); respectively, for 12 days. Pup weight gain was used to quantify milk yield. Serum was harvested from the dams and assayed for prolactin and oxytocin. The PLT and CO groups had significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) milk yield than DW group. Serum concentration of prolactin was significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the PLT group, while the combination group had the highest (<i>p</i> < 0.05) concentration of oxytocin compared to DW group. In conclusion, <i>L. taraxacifolia</i> and resveratrol exhibited galactopoietic potentials individually by stimulating hyperprolactinaemia, while their combination increased milk production by increasing serum oxytocin activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"71-77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23144599.2019.1694307","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37603402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and characterization of <i>E. coli</i> strains causing intramammary infections from dairy animals and wild birds.","authors":"Karima M Fahim,&nbsp;Elshaimaa Ismael,&nbsp;Hanan S Khalefa,&nbsp;Heba S Farag,&nbsp;Dalia A Hamza","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2019.1691378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2019.1691378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) in sub-clinically mastitic (SCM) animals, and in wild and migratory birds which may act as reservoir disseminating such pathogen. Farm hygiene, management and milking procedures were listed through a questionnaire. Thirty lactating cows and 15 lactating buffaloes from five small-scale dairy farms were randomly selected and screened for subclinical mastitis (SCM) using California Mastitis Test (CMT) and somatic cell count (SCC). In addition, 80 teat skin swabs, 5 drinking water samples and 38 wild and migratory bird faecal matter were also collected. All samples were processed for <i>E. coli</i> isolation by culturing on Levine's Eosin Methylene Blue (L-EMB) agar, followed by purification and biochemical identification. Positive samples were subjected to molecular identification and serotyping. In addition, the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing <i>E. coli</i> have been reported by antimicrobial sensitivity testing. <i>Escherichia coli</i> were isolated from 7.7%, 50% and 50% of the positive CMT cows' quarters, cows' composite and buffaloes' composite milk samples, respectively. In addition, 14% of cows' teats, 20% of water samples, 70% of faecal matter from wild bird, and 33.3% of faecal matter from migratory waterfowls were carrying <i>E. coli</i>. Serotyping, antibiotic-resistant pattern and phylogenetic analysis have pointed the bearable implication of milking hygiene and wild birds in disseminating <i>E. coli</i> strains causing intramammary infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"61-70"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23144599.2019.1691378","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37459742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal behaviour in domestic dogs.","authors":"Karina Lezama-García, Chiara Mariti, Daniel Mota-Rojas, Julio Martínez-Burnes, Hugo Barrios-García, Angelo Gazzano","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2019.1641899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2019.1641899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mammalian parental care, in most of the cases, is given by the female, who provides food, warmth, and protection. In domestic dogs, maternal behaviour shown by the dam mainly consists of contact, nursing, grooming/licking, play, punishment, thermoregulation, and motion. Peer-reviewed literature published between 1952 and 2018 was retrieved from CAB Abstracts, PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus and book chapters. Keywords for this search included the following terms: behaviour, bonding, altricial, precocial, offspring, maternal, whelping, nursing, domestic dogs, female dog, aggression, puppies, anogenital licking. In this review, we reported and discussed scientific information about maternal behaviour in domestic bitches, comparing altricial vs precocial species; the importance of the bonding, grooming/licking and nursing, and their impacts on puppies' behaviour; altered maternal behaviours such as aggression, cannibalism, rejection, and also the relation between hormones and maternal care behaviours. We concluded that the level of interactions between the dam and the puppies influences the physiological, cognitive and behavioural development of the litter, and the main hormones in the bitch for inducing maternal care behaviours are estradiol, oxytocin, prolactin and progesterone.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"20-30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6776987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141727944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of aflatoxin B1 on reproductive performance of farmed Nile tilapia","authors":"E. Marijani, H. Charo-Karisa, G. J. B. Gnonlonfin, E. Kigadye, S. Okoth","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2019.1678315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2019.1678315","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study evaluated the effect of dietary aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on growth, milt and egg quality in matured Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Triplicate groups of Nile tilapia (initial body weight 24.1 ± 2.6 g) were fed with either of four diets (Diets 1 to 4) designed to contain 0, 20, 200 and 2000 μg AFB1 kg−1 diets for 24 weeks. After 24 weeks of AFB1 exposure, growth was significantly (P <0.05) different between the control and the AFB1 exposed treatments in both sexes. No significant differences were observed in 17β-oestradiol, absolute fecundity, oocytes volume and diameters between AFB1 exposure groups and the control group. However, we observed a significant reduction in relative fecundity and gonad somatic index (GSI) in females fed 2000 μg AFB1 kg−1 diet. On the other hand, we observed significant differences (P <0.05) in gonadosomatic index (GSI), testosterone, milt count and motility between males in the control group and AFB1 treatments. We conclude that rearing Nile tilapia with aflatoxin-contaminated diets for a prolonged period affects milt quality, fecundity (at higher doses) and growth performance. This implies that for optimal seed production, provision of aflatoxin free diets should be part of the management practices in Nile tilapia hatcheries.","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":"35 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23144599.2019.1678315","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72537372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary administration of probiotics modulates non-specific immunity and gut microbiota of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultured in low input ponds","authors":"M. Opiyo, J. Jumbe, C. Ngugi, H. Charo-Karisa","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2019.1624299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2019.1624299","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Poor culture conditions in low input ponds make fish highly susceptible to infectious pathogens which lead to diseases and mortalities yet the effects of probiotics on immunity, gut microbiota and microbiological quality of fish in low input ponds are unknown. Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings (40 g) were randomly stocked at 50 fish m−3 in 1.25 m3 cages in low input ponds. The fish were fed on diets supplemented with either Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1 × 1010 CFU g−1) or Bacillus subtilis (1 × 109 CFU g−1) at six levels: Diet 0 (No probiotic); S. cerevisiae at 2 g kg−1 (Diet 1); 4 g kg−1 (Diet 2) and 6 g kg−1 (Diet 3) and B. subtilis at 5 g kg−1 (Diet 4); 10 g kg−1 (Diet 5) and 15 g kg−1 (Diet 6) for 180 days. Results indicate that hemato-immunological parameters (hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC) serum protein, albumin, globulin and lysozyme activity) were significantly higher in fish fed on probiotic treated diets compared to the control (P < 0.05). On the contrary, fish fed on Diet 6 presented significantly similar Hb and globulin values compared to the control (P > 0.05). Additionally, fish fed on probiotic treated diets retained the probiotics in their guts and lower microbial load was realized in their muscle (P < 0.05). In conclusion, B. subtilis and S. cerevisiae supplementation in diets of Nile tilapia reared in low input ponds improves immunity, manipulates gut microbiota and enhances fish flesh quality.","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"1 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83073464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of multidrug-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among healthy farm animals: a public health concern","authors":"K. Abdel-moein, Hala M. Zaher","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2019.1689630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2019.1689630","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an emerging pathogen causing serious public health threats. This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of multidrug-resistant MRSA among apparently healthy farm animals to shed the light on the potential role of these animals as a reservoir for such pathogen. For this purpose, 195 nasal swabs from apparently healthy farm animals (52 sheep, 51 goats, 47 cattle and 45 buffalo) were screened for multidrug-resistant MRSA. MRSA was isolated using a selective chromogenic medium and identified by colonial characters, Gram’s stain films, conventional biochemical tests, coagulase test, resistance to cefoxitin and amplification of nuc and mecA genes. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing profile was performed by disk diffusion method to identify multidrug-resistant MRSA. Of 195 samples, 7 yielded MRSA with an overall prevalence 3.6%, whereas the prevalence rates were 3.8%, 3.9%, 4.3% and 2.2% for sheep, goats, cattle and buffalo, respectively. All MRSA isolates were multidrug-resistant strains. The phylogenetic analysis of 2 mecA gene sequences from the obtained isolates revealed that both sequences were clustered in the same clade with those derived from human clinical cases from different countries to highlight the public health burden of such strains. The distribution of multidrug-resistant MRSA among all examined farm animal species being apparently healthy points out that farm animals could represent a potential reservoir for multidrug-resistant MRSA with public health implications.","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"18 1","pages":"55 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89181850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}