International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Post-operative supplementation with vitamin D after mucogingival surgery significantly enhances autophagy and improves life quality following feline chronic gingivostomatitis.","authors":"Yung-Kai Huang, Chung-Wei Chen, Ting-Yi Renn, Ming-Yi Shen, Igor V Klimenkov, Nikolay P Sudakov, Sandeep Kumar Singh, Hung-Ming Chang","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2025.2487751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2025.2487751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral mucositis is a complex inflammatory and ulcerative condition frequently associated with a heightened risk of infections, malnutrition and diminished quality of life in both humans and animals. Despite the availability of various preventive and therapeutic interventions, their overall efficacy remains unclear. Considering that vitamin D exhibits pronounced anti-inflammatory properties by modulating autophagic pathways via activation of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), the present study aims to determine whether supplementation with vitamin D after the mucogingival replacement surgery (MGRS) would effectively enhance autophagy, and therefore, protect the integrity of mucosal lining in cases of severe oral mucositis. Adult domestic cats suffered from feline chronic gingivostomatitis and undergoing MGRS were used in this study. After MGRS, experimental cats were orally administered either fat-soluble or water-soluble vitamin D at a dose of 200 ng/kg twice daily for 6 weeks. Quantitative analysis revealed that in cats with oral mucositis and received MGRS, post-operative supplementation of both types of vitamin D greatly improved the quality of life and increased the anti-inflammatory reactivity. Moreover, both types of vitamin D considerably enhanced the expression of VDR and light chain 3B (LC3B, a biochemical marker for autophagy) within the affected tissues, with the most notable change observed in cats that received fat-soluble vitamin D. Based on these findings, incorporating vitamin D into the post-operative care regimens may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of surgical interventions targeting severe mucosal injury. This strategy may also hold a novel promise for improving the overall management of oral mucositis and associated complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12024499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling HER2 immunoexpression in canine hepatoid gland neoplasms: clinicopathological and morphological associations.","authors":"Hassadin Boonsriroj, Sahatchai Tangtrongsup, Jirapat Arunorat, Thanongsak Mamom, Pinkarn Chantawong","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2025.2495522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2025.2495522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canine hepatoid gland neoplasms (HGNs) are significant clinical concerns due to their high prevalence and diverse biological behaviour. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), a tyrosine kinase receptor implicated in various aspects of tumorigenesis, has been extensively studied in human and animal neoplasms but remains unexplored in HGNs. This study aimed to assess HER2 immunoexpression in canine HGNs and its association with clinicopathological and morphological features. A total of 61 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples, including normal hepatoid glands (<i>n</i> = 10), hepatoid gland adenomas (HGAs, <i>n</i> = 20), hepatoid gland epitheliomas (HGEs, <i>n</i> = 16), and hepatoid gland carcinomas (HGCs, <i>n</i> = 15), were analysed using immunohistochemistry. HER2 expression was scored based on percentage positivity and staining intensity. HER2-positive expression was detected in 50% of HGEs (score 2  +  ) and 73.3% of HGCs, with 36.4% of cases scoring 3   +   . In contrast, all HGAs and normal hepatoid tissues were HER2-immunonegative. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in HER2 expression among normal and neoplastic hepatoid glands (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Only in HGCs, HER2 expression was significantly associated with tissue invasion (<i>p</i> = 0.007), mitotic count (<i>p</i> = 0.033), and nuclear pleomorphism (<i>p</i> = 0.007). These findings suggest that HER2 may play a role in the progression of malignant HGNs, particularly HGCs. This preliminary study highlights the potential of HER2 as a diagnostic marker and emphasizes the need for further investigation into its prognostic value and role in HER2-targeted therapy for canine HGCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12024500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of cytokine profiles in canine injectable platelet-rich fibrin and platelet-rich plasma.","authors":"Ekkapol Akaraphutiporn, Chalika Wangdee","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2025.2483104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2025.2483104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study compared injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) derived from canine blood, focusing on their cellular content and cytokine profiles to evaluate their suitability for various veterinary clinical applications. Blood samples were collected from 20 client-owned dogs. i-PRF and PRP were prepared using low-speed centrifugation and double centrifugation methods, respectively. Blood cell counts were quantified using automated cell analysers, while growth factors and cytokines were measured using a Luminex assay. The results showed that both i-PRF and PRP significantly reduced red blood cell content compared with whole blood. PRP achieved a 3.81-fold increase in the platelet concentration compared with whole blood, significantly higher than the 1.89-fold increase achieved by i-PRF. PRP also contained significantly higher levels of white blood cells, particularly lymphocytes and monocytes. Growth factor and cytokine profiles between the two products were unexpectedly similar. In conclusion, while PRP demonstrated superior platelet and white blood cell concentrations compared with i-PRF, its preparation process was more complex and time-consuming. Conversely, i-PRF offered the advantages of shorter preparation time and the absence of anticoagulants, making it potentially more suitable for certain clinical applications despite the similarity in growth factor and cytokine profiles between the two products.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11983530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"mRNA and protein expression of programmed cell death-ligand-1 on canine mammary gland tumour in dogs of Chiang Mai, Thailand.","authors":"Wanwisa Srisawat, Pongpisid Koonyosying, Anucha Muenthaisong, Kanokwan Sangkakam, Thanya Varinrak, Amarin Rittipornlertrak, Boondarika Nambooppha, Nisachon Apinda, Nattawooti Sthitmatee","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2025.2483102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2025.2483102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metastasis-related disease is a major cause of death in canine mammary tumours (CMTs). Immunotherapy has been investigated due to the less successful outcomes of systemic therapy. This study aims to examine the expression of Programmed Cell Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) in canine mammary tumours in dogs of Chiang Mai, Thailand, and determine the relationship between the level of mRNA expression and clinicopathologic characteristics. A total of 28 CMT samples were collected at the Small Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai University. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot assays were performed. The results revealed that all CMTs in this study expressed PD-L1 mRNA and PD-L1 protein. The mean relative mRNA expression showed no significant differences between groups categorized by age, tumour size, or histopathological findings. However, the mean relative mRNA expression in tumours with a TNM stage >3 was significantly lower compared to those with TNM stage ≤2. In conclusion, this study investigates the expression of PD-L1 mRNA and PD-L1 protein, particularly in malignant CMTs. The findings strongly support the potential for developing effective immunotherapy methods targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway for advanced CMTs in the future. For further conclusive assessment, future studies should focus on refining immunotherapy strategies for CMT cases expressing PD-L1.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11980185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143990477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2025.2472484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2025.2472484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1080/23144599.2025.2453960.].</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11884090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular epidemiology and characterization of antibiotic resistance of <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> isolated from livestock population of Punjab, Pakistan.","authors":"Shahid Ali, Muhammad Haseeb Ali Tariq, Muhammad Yaqoob, Mazhar Ul Haq, Rabaab Zahra","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2024.2437223","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23144599.2024.2437223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) is an acute and life-threatening infection of livestock population caused by <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> (<i>P. multocida</i>), responsible for huge mortality, morbidity and production losses. The increase in antibiotic resistance is a growing concern, posing a significant threat to animals and public health. There is limited data on <i>P. multocida</i> disease burden, serotypes, antibiotic susceptibility, and resistance gene profiles in Pakistan. In the current study, 1017 nasal swabs from haemorrhagic septicaemic cattle and buffaloes were collected to isolate <i>P. multocida</i> through microbiological and molecular methods. Susceptibility against commonly used antibiotics was performed and antibiotic resistance genes were evaluated. A prevalence rate of 7.57% was found, where buffaloes were more prone to infection (8.3%) as compared to cows (6.7%). Molecular and sequence analysis confirmed <i>P. multocida</i> isolates in 94.8% (73/77) of samples. Capsular typing revealed all isolates belong to serotype B. Antibiogram analysis showed that enrofloxacin 85.7% (66/77) and ceftiofur 56/77 (72.7%) were the most effective antibiotics. The highest resistance was observed against trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 54/77 (70.1%), followed by erythromycin 52/77 (67.5%). Most of the isolates (31.5% (23/73)) carried β-lactamase resistance genes (<i>bla</i> _TEM <i>n</i> = 10, <i>bla</i> _ROB-1 <i>n</i> = 6, <i>bla</i> _OXA-2 <i>n</i> = 5, <i>bla</i> _NDM <i>n</i> = 2) followed by trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (<i>sul2</i>) resistance genes (26% (19/73)). The current study indicates that HS is consistently circulating among the animal population in Punjab, Pakistan. The current scenario of higher resistance in <i>P. multocida</i> needs continuous surveillance of the infection and mass awareness programs about the non-prescribed and excessive use of antibiotics in the animal sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of avian malaria in captive African penguins (<i>Spheniscus demersus</i>) by the combination of atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride.","authors":"Rossella Samarelli, Nicola Pugliese, Medhat Saleh, Michela Prioletti, Rossana Cordon, Paolo Cavicchio, Dalila Salierno, Giuseppe Crescenzo, Elena Circella, Antonio Camarda","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2025.2460919","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23144599.2025.2460919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Avian malaria, a vector-borne disease caused by <i>Plasmodium</i> spp., poses significant threats to various bird populations, particularly captive penguins like the endangered African penguin (<i>Spheniscus demersus</i>). Penguins, originating from regions with low malaria prevalence, are highly susceptible when housed in malaria-permissive areas. This study evaluates the efficacy of an atovaquone/proguanil hydrochloride treatment protocol to manage avian malaria in a captive African penguin colony in an Italian zoo. The study involved 30 penguins monitored over 3 years. Thirteen penguins tested positive for <i>Plasmodium</i> spp., with 11 undergoing treatment. The treatment protocol consisted of atovaquone/proguanil hydrochloride (10/4 mg/kg) administered orally for 3 days, repeated after a week. Post-treatment monitoring at 7, 30, and 60 days, and follow-ups up to 2 years, showed that all but one penguin cleared the infection. The treatment was well tolerated, with no adverse effects observed. The findings suggest that this protocol is effective as a treatment of avian malaria and could be a valuable tool in avian malaria management, particularly for endangered species in captivity. However, the persistence of <i>Plasmodium relictum</i> in one case highlights the need for careful post-treatment monitoring to prevent recurrence or reinfection. The study underscores the importance of developing tailored antimalarial protocols for captive birds to enhance conservation efforts and mitigate the risks posed by avian malaria.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution, identification and ecology of <i>Phortica</i> genus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Spain.","authors":"Mikel Alexander González, Marcos López-de-Felipe, Sergio Magallanes, Pedro María Alarcón-Elbal, Carlos Barceló, Yasmina Martínez-Barciela, Alejandro Polina, Ana MarîAMaría García-López, Laura Blanco-Sierra, Miguel A Peláez Guerra, Sarah Delacour, Jordi Figuerola, Ignacio Ruiz-Arrondo, Daniel Bravo-Barriga","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2025.2453960","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23144599.2025.2453960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Phortica</i> (Diptera: Drosophilidae) includes five species of small flies in Europe. <i>Phortica variegata</i>, the zoophilic fruit fly, is the main vector of <i>Thelazia callipaeda</i>, a zoonotic parasite that is rapidly spreading througout Europe. Despite extensive studies on thelaziosis in animals and humans, there is limited knowledge about the geographical distribution and hovering activity of these vector flies. In 2023, 1,462 <i>Phortica</i> flies were sampled across 12 Spanish provinces, providing new records of <i>Phortica variegata</i> and <i>Phortica oldenbergi</i>. Surprisingly, <i>P. oldenbergi</i>, previously considered a rare Afrotropical species, was prevalent in most regions sampled in Spain. However, <i>Phortica semivirgo</i> was not collected. The abundance of <i>Phortica</i> spp. correlated positively with altitude and certain tree species. Rural oak-wooded areas in central and northern Spain showed the highest densities of <i>P. variegata</i>. Both drosophilid species were analysed morphologically and molecularly, providing new morphological descriptors and sequence barcodes for species identification. Phylogenetic analysis based on COI sequences, showed <i>P. oldenbergi</i> grouped with Asian origin <i>Phortica</i> species, while <i>P. variegata</i> in America was closer to Spanish sequences than those from other European countries. The hovering activity of <i>P. variegata</i> causes significant discomfort to humans during outdoor activities. This paper also reviews the historic records of <i>P. variegata, P. semivirgo</i> and <i>P. oldenbergi</i> in Spain over the last 90 years. This study enhances the understanding of the distribution, identification, ecology, and behaviour of these zoophilic flies in Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11841169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular analysis of cryptosporidiosis on cattle farms in Gran Canaria, Canary Islands (Spain).","authors":"María Cristina Del Río, Sergio Martín, Joaquín Quílez, Claudia Vergara-Castiblanco, José Manuel Molina, Otilia Ferrer, Magnolia María Conde, José Adrián Molina, Antonio Ruiz","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2025.2460923","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23144599.2025.2460923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. infections in calves cause serious economic losses in livestock and pose an important zoonotic risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in cattle on the island of Gran Canaria. Faecal samples were collected from calves and adult cattle from a total of 15 farms, and a questionnaire survey was conducted to farmers. The presence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. oocysts in faeces was determined by microscopy, showing infection rates of 45.9% in calves and 4.1% in adults, with positive correlation with the faecal scores of infected animals (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Samples were amplified by PCR targeting SSU rRNA, with positivity rates for calves and adults being 51.7% and 31.7%, respectively. The PCR-positive samples were further genotyped and sequenced for the 60 kDa glycoprotein gene (GP60) and the microsatellite TP14. Four <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species were identified (<i>C. parvum, C. ryanae</i>, <i>C. bovis,</i> and <i>C. andersoni</i>), of which <i>C.</i> <i>parvum</i> was the most frequent in calves (45.8%) and adults (29.2%). GP60 sequencing revealed that all <i>C. parvum</i> samples belonged to the IId family, the most frequent subtypes being IIdA22G1 and IIdA23G1. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate a high occurrence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in both calves and adult cattle, including the zoonotic IId family of <i>C. parvum</i>. These findings have significant implications for cattle farming and public health. The lack of awareness among farmers regarding cryptosporidiosis highlights the need for caution to prevent epidemiological outbreaks that could impact both human and livestock health.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11812112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>, <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> and <i>Eimeria</i> spp. in diarrhoeic suckling calves from north-western Spain and analysis of their interactions.","authors":"Cynthia López-Novo, Seila Couso-Pérez, Alberto Prieto, Jose Manuel Díaz-Cao, David García-Dios, Gonzalo López-Lorenzo, Susana Remesar, Elvira Ares-Mazás, Ceferino López, Patrocinio Morrondo, Hipólito Gómez-Couso, Pablo Díaz","doi":"10.1080/23144599.2024.2447172","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23144599.2024.2447172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>, <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> and some <i>Eimeria</i> species are frequently involved in neonatal calf diarrhoea (NCD), detailed studies on their interactions are scarce. Therefore, a cross-sectional study including faecal samples from 404 diarrhoeic calves aged 0-30 days was performed. <i>Cryptosporidium</i> oocysts and <i>G. duodenalis</i> cysts were detected by immunofluorescence antibody test and positive samples were molecularly characterized. <i>Eimeria</i> oocysts were microscopically detected using the modified McMaster technique and morphometric species identification was performed. <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infections (53.7%) predominated over those by <i>G. duodenalis</i> (12.4%) and <i>Eimeria</i> spp. (6.9%). Three <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species were identified: <i>C. parvum</i> (98.0%), <i>C. bovis</i> (1.0%) and <i>C. ryanae</i> (1.0%). Eleven <i>C. parvum</i> zoonotic subtypes were detected, with IIaA15G2R1 as the most common; only <i>G</i>. <i>duodenalis</i> assemblage E was identified. Moreover, 10 <i>Eimeria</i> species were found, being <i>Eimeria ellipsoidalis</i> (96.4%), <i>Eimeria bovis</i> (85.7%), and <i>Eimeria zuernii</i> (71.4%) predominant. A significant positive association between <i>G. duodenalis</i> and <i>Eimeria</i> spp. was detected as well as a negative association between <i>C. parvum</i> and <i>Eimeria</i> spp. Our results showed that <i>C. parvum</i> wasprevalent in diarrhoeic calves under 21 days of life; <i>Eimeria</i> spp. and <i>G. duodenalis</i> were especially common in animals in their fourth week of life. Concurrent infections increased with age. Moreover, the study also revealed potential public health risks since a noticeable percentage of animals were infected with <i>C. parvum</i> zoonotic subtypes. Further studies are needed for determining the role of these parasites in co-infections with other enteropathogens and their implications in the pathogenicity of NCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":45744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11721762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}