{"title":"Evaluation of Mechanical Behavior of CAD/CAM Polymers for Long-term Interim Restoration Following Artificial Aging.","authors":"T A Soliman, E M Raffat, D S Farahat","doi":"10.1922/EJPRD_2392Soliman09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1922/EJPRD_2392Soliman09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mechanical properties are crucial parameters for the clinical performance of longterm CAD/CAM interim restorations. This study aimed to evaluate and compare fracture toughness (FT), flexural strength (FS), flexural modulus (FM), microhardness (H), and the brittle index (BI) of three different long-term interim restorative materials after simulated ageing. CAD-Temp; VCT, Everest C-Temp; CT, and PEEK; PK were the materials used. Specimens were divided into subgroup A (control group) with no thermocycling, and subgroup B subjected to 5000 thermocycles between 5 and 55 °C for 30 seconds. FS, FM, FT, H, microstructure, and the brittle index were evaluated. The data was examined using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test for post-hoc comparisons. In the VCT group, FS, FT, and H were significantly reduced (p ⟨0.05) after thermocycling. In the PK group, no statistically significant differences (p ⟩0.05) were detected between the aged and non-aged groups. As for the CT group, the tested properties were significantly reduced (p ⟨0.05) after simulated aging condition. The PK group recorded appropriate mechanical behavior both before and after simulating aging, in addition to its better machinability than other materials. The CT group had better mechanical properties before and after ageing, despite the significant reduction in mechanical properties after aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":45686,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9364827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S S Virdee, F S Albaaj, M M Grant, D Walmsley, J Camilleri, P R Cooper, P L Tomson
{"title":"Antimicrobial Efficacy of Different Irrigant Solutions Using a Novel Biofilm Model: An In Vitro Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Experiment.","authors":"S S Virdee, F S Albaaj, M M Grant, D Walmsley, J Camilleri, P R Cooper, P L Tomson","doi":"10.1922/EJPRD_2419Virdee09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1922/EJPRD_2419Virdee09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the ability of different irrigation solutions to biomechanically remove Enterococcus faecalis biofilm from a novel artificial root canal model during chemomechanical preparation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>High resolution micro-computer-tomography scans of a mandibular molar's mesial root were used to produce 50 identical 3D-printed resin root canal models. These were cultured with E.faecalis over seven days to generate biofilm and subjected to chemomechanical preparation using: saline; 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or 2% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) alongside positive/negative controls (n = 10). Canals were prepared to 40/.06 taper, with 1 mL irrigation between instruments, followed by 5 mL penultimate rinse, 30 s ultrasonic activation and 5 mL final rinse. Residual biofilm volume (pixels) was determined following immunofluorescent staining and confocal-laser-scanning-microscopy imaging. Statistical comparisons were made using Kruskal-Wallis with post-hoc Dunn's tests (α ⟨0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all canal thirds, the greatest biofilm removal was observed with NaOCl, followed by EDTA and saline. The latter had significantly higher E.faecalis counts than NaOCl and EDTA (P ⟨0.01). However, no statistical differences were found between EDTA and NaOCl or saline and positive controls (P ⟩0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within limitations of this model, 17% EDTA was found to be as effective as 2% NaOCl at eradicating E.faecalis biofilm following chemomechanical preparation. Further investigations with multi-species biofilms are encouraged.</p>","PeriodicalId":45686,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9364833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of the Quality of Undergraduate Full Veneer Crown Preparations at a UK Dental Teaching Hospital.","authors":"H Singh, N Z Bashir, S S Virdee","doi":"10.1922/EJPRD_2396Singh09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1922/EJPRD_2396Singh09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the quality of full veneer crown preparations produced by supervised undergraduate students at a UK dental teaching hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and eighty-five scanned digital dies between October 2019 and March 2021 were obtained. Using cross-sections in four planes, the total angle of convergence, abutment height, margin design and margin depth were evaluated. Statistical comparisons were made by plane, location, material-type, tooth-type, and inter- and intra-arch positions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across all preparations the mean total angle of convergence was 24.8° ± 11.7°. and mean abutment height was 3.6 mm ± 1.0 mm. Mandibular and molar teeth were significantly more tapered (P ⟨0.001) and exhibited significantly shorter abutment heights (P ⟨0.001). Chamfer margins were the most frequently observed and mean margin depths ranged from 0.49-1.06 mm. The compliance to recommended taught parameters were 28.1%, 42.7%, 34.1% and 6.5% for total angle of convergence, abutment height, margin design and margin depth, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings from this study suggest that compliance to taught parameters is poor, especially for molar teeth, and demonstrates the use of digital software in guiding future research and teaching.</p>","PeriodicalId":45686,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9381256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M Amaral, T M B Campos, T Takahashi, G S D Moura, G F Ramos, R M D Melo, M Özcan
{"title":"Water as Veneering Modeling Liquid Affects Microhardness of Glassy Matrix Veneering Ceramic.","authors":"M Amaral, T M B Campos, T Takahashi, G S D Moura, G F Ramos, R M D Melo, M Özcan","doi":"10.1922/EJPRD_2372Amaral05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1922/EJPRD_2372Amaral05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose/aim: </strong>To evaluate the effect of different veneering liquids used for modeling on microhardness, fracture toughness and biaxial flexural strength of a glass-veneering ceramic.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The manufacturer recommended modeling liquid (ML), distilled water (DW), isopropyl alcohol (IA), 0.5% (P05), 1% (P1), and 2% (P2) polyethylene glycol solutions were mixed with feldspathic ceramic powder to form disc-shaped samples (n=20, 15 mm × 1.2 mm). After sintering, samples were mirror-polished and subjected to Vickers indentation (n=5) for measurement of microhardness and fracture toughness. The remaining 15 samples from each group were subjected to biaxial flexural strength. Data were subjected to one-way ANOVA and Weibull analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The microhardness was affected by veneering liquid (p=0.002): DW promoted higher microhardness values than ML and IA. Fracture toughness (p=0.301) and flexural strength (p=0.930) were not affected by the veneering liquid but Weibull parameters were affected. All groups presented surface pores under high magnification.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Even though the use of DW led to higher values of surface microhardness than the ML, all obtained values are inside the range of enamel microhardness values reported in the literature. Such parameters may affect antagonist wear and should be reported in clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":45686,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40324376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L Khoury-Ribas, T Ignatova-Mishutina, B Rovira-Lastra, R Ayuso-Montero, J Martinez-Gomis
{"title":"Impact of Treatment with Unilateral Implant- Supported Fixed Partial Prosthesis on the Frequency of Masticatory Side Switches in Patients with Unilateral Posterior Missing Teeth.","authors":"L Khoury-Ribas, T Ignatova-Mishutina, B Rovira-Lastra, R Ayuso-Montero, J Martinez-Gomis","doi":"10.1922/EJPRD_2336Khoury-Ribas07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1922/EJPRD_2336Khoury-Ribas07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to determine the impact of treatment with an implant-supported fixed partial prosthesis (ISFPP) on the frequency of masticatory side switches in patients with unilateral posterior missing teeth. This was a prospective study of 30 patients with unilateral posterior missing teeth treated with one-, two-, or three-unit ISFPPs. Comparison was with 10 healthy individuals with complete natural dentitions. Each participant performed masticatory assays, which involved chewing pieces of silicon inside a latex bag, at baseline and at 3-months' follow-up. The frequency of masticatory side switches was reported as the masticatory side-switch index: the number of side switches divided by the maximum number of possible switches. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U test, or Wilcoxon test, as appropriate. At baseline, the masticatory side-switch index was lower only in patients with three missing teeth than in controls. At 3 months after treatment, a significant increase in the masticatory side-switch index was only observed in patients treated with three restorative units. Treatment with ISFPPs does not change the masticatory side-switch frequency in patients with unilateral posterior missing teeth, though it could increase it in patients with three missing teeth.</p>","PeriodicalId":45686,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39880367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M V Villanueva, G D S Balbinot, G H Mogollon, V C B Leitune, F M Collares
{"title":"The Influence of a Flexible Model on the Marginal Adaptation of Inlay Composite Restorations: A MicroCT Analysis.","authors":"M V Villanueva, G D S Balbinot, G H Mogollon, V C B Leitune, F M Collares","doi":"10.1922/EJPRD_2351Villanueva07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1922/EJPRD_2351Villanueva07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of flexible models on the marginal adaptation of indirect resin composite restorations. Thirty-six cavity preparations were made for class II restorations in permanent molar teeth. Three groups (n=12) were defined following three impressions/model material combinations: G(STONE), polyvinylsiloxane, and type IV stone model, as a control group; G(IMPRESSIONPVS), alginate and flexible polyvinylsiloxane; G(MODELPVS), alginate and flexible polyvinylsiloxane for models. All restorations were positioned on their respective teeth and evaluated by micro-computed tomography. Absolute marginal discrepancies were measured digitally (ImageJ). The results were compared using one-way ANOVA (p⟨ 0.05). The mean ± SD absolute marginal discrepancy of indirect resin composite restorations made from flexible and rigid stone models was as follows: G(STONE), 206 (±79.95) μm; G(IMPRESSIONPVS), 221.50 (±61.73) μm; G(MODELPVS), 203.25 (±65.93) μm. Absolute marginal discrepancies were not significantly influenced by the flexible and rigid stone models (p=0.78). The flexible or rigid stone model did not influence the marginal adaptation of the indirect resin composite restorations.</p>","PeriodicalId":45686,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39873494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F M C de Castro, G Z Martins, H F P de Oliveira, P B Hernández, S Gavinha, G V O Fernandes
{"title":"Comparison of Stud- Retentor Versus Bar-Clip Attachment as Implant- Supported Systems Used in Overdentures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"F M C de Castro, G Z Martins, H F P de Oliveira, P B Hernández, S Gavinha, G V O Fernandes","doi":"10.1922/EJPRD_2338deCastro19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1922/EJPRD_2338deCastro19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze the results obtained clinically for bar-clip versus stud-retainers in overdentures. Three databases (PubMed Central, MEDLINE, and BvSalud) were used beyond a manual search. The study followed strictly the inclusion and exclusion criteria, considering the PICO strategy. For the risk of bias and quality assessment of studies, in the case of RCT, there were six domains of analysis, and for non-RCT studies, the Modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was performed. A meta-analysis was developed using the available data for marginal bone loss (MBL) and survival rate. 25 studies were included. The stud-retentor had the lowest implant SR (87.6%) and the greatest MBL (1.96 mm). For the bar-clip system, the mean survival rate was 95.91%, with only 4 studies included for this system, and the mean MBL was 1.13 mm. Only 3 studies directly compared both systems quantitatively, showing a significantly greater MBL toward the stud-retention group. The results may not allow determination of the best system for overdenture (stud retentor or bar-clip). Therefore, most of the studies suggested the stud-retentor as a more preferable system due to better distribution of forces, biological peri-implant behavior, low-cost, and ease for removal facilitating the sanitization and/or repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":45686,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40324375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of the Efficacy of Two Fibre-Reinforced Post Removal Techniques.","authors":"A AlShabib, S Brindley, J Satterthwaite","doi":"10.1922/EJPRD_02101AlShabib06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1922/EJPRD_02101AlShabib06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this in-vitro study was to compare the amount of material (post and luting agent) and root dentine removed using two methods for removal of endodontic posts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Human premolar teeth (n=20) were sectioned at the CEJ and fibre reinforced posts were cemented at a length of 10mm following root canal therapy. Teeth were randomly assigned to two study groups. The methods of removal compared were: the use of RTD re-access kit (Composipost, RTD, France, St Egreve) in a conventional hand-piece driven by an electric motor (Group A); or a long tapered diamond bur (FG Diamond grit bur, Dentsply Ltd, UK) in an air-driven high speed turbine (Group B). Using micro- CT the volume of material and root dentine removed for each sample was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both the volume of material removed and the volume of root dentine removed were significantly greater when using diamond burs. (p⟨0.001). The volume of dentine removed using the diamond bur method (mean 22.64mm³) was greater than the volume removed using the reaccess kit (mean 11.71mm³).</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Use of a diamond bur to remove fibre reinforced endodontic post removal poses higher risk for root perforation compared to the reaccess kit.</p>","PeriodicalId":45686,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39941007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Translucency and Curing Mode of Four CAD/CAM Materials on Polymerization Efficiency of Light and Dual Cure Resin Cements.","authors":"N N Shono, A Elhejazi, A Maawadh, H Al Nahedh","doi":"10.1922/EJPRD_2353Shono09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1922/EJPRD_2353Shono09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose/aim: </strong>To determine the effect of translucency of four CAD/CAM materials and different curing modes on the degree of conversion of resin cements.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Disks were fabricated from IPS e.max CAD, Vita Suprinity, Vita Enamic, and DD Cube X². Translucency was measured using a spectrophotometer. The degree of conversion of two resin cements Variolink Esthetic DC and LC were measured using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. For Esthetic DC, the degree of conversion was determined in self-cure and dual cure modes. ANOVA, Tukey HSD test, and /Linear Regression R2 were used to statistically analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant difference in the translucency of the four materials (P ⟨ 0.0001). The mean translucency of Vita Suprinity was significantly higher, followed by Vita Enamic, DD Cube X², and IPS E.max CAD. Degree of conversion of resin cements cured under DD Cube X² had the highest values (25.22%), whereas those cured under Vita Suprinity showed the lowest values (17.86%). The self-cure mode had the lowest degree of conversion values (16.22%) and dual cure mode showed the highest values (26.12%). A negative linear relationship was found between degree of conversion and translucency of the CAD/CAM materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":45686,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39873491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strain Gauge Analysis of the Stresses Induced by Different Secondary Coping Materials in Tooth Supported Telescopic Overdentures.","authors":"A M A Mohamed, N H Nawar","doi":"10.1922/EJPRD_2361Mohamed09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1922/EJPRD_2361Mohamed09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the stresses induced on the supporting abutments by different secondary coping materials; zirconia, Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and Polyetherketone ketone (PEKK) in tooth supported telescopic overdentures using strain gauge analysis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A virtual model simulating a completely edentulous mandibular arch with two telescopic overdenture abutments in the canine region was designed and printed. The abutments received a milled zirconia primary coping. The secondary coping was milled out of zirconia in the model ZR, PEEK in the model PE and PEKK in the model PK. Five overdentures were made for each model. Strain gauge rosettes were bonded mesial and distal to each abutment. Unilateral and bilateral loadings were applied. An ANOVA test was used for statistical analysis between the three models.(α=0.01).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were found between the three models during unilateral and bilateral loading. Post Hoc Tukey tests showed significant difference between ZR and PE models, ZR and PK models in addition to PE and PK models during unilateral and bilateral loading.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Zirconia copings induced the highest stress while the lowest stress values were induced by the PEKK copings.</p>","PeriodicalId":45686,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39873489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}