AIMS Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Family support, anger and aggression in health workers during the first wave of the pandemic.","authors":"Argyro Pachi, Maria Anagnostopoulou, Athanasios Antoniou, Styliani Maria Papageorgiou, Effrosyni Tsomaka, Christos Sikaras, Ioannis Ilias, Athanasios Tselebis","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023037","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anger is considered as one of the basic human emotions, constituting the affective component of aggression. In the first year of the pandemic, the intense pressure on healthcare workers resulted in the deterioration of their psychosocial problems.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between family support, anger, and aggression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study included physicians and nurses who completed an online survey of Dimensions of Anger Reactions-5 (DAR-5), a Brief Aggression Questionnaire (BAQ) and a Family Support Scale (FSS). Before completing the questionnaires, participants were asked to state their gender, years of work, age, and profession.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-three men and 190 women participated in the study. Almost one-third of the participants had a positive score on the DAR-5 scale. Male participants displayed lower DAR-5 scores compared to women. Female participants displayed lower FSS scores compared to men, but higher scores when compared with earlier measures. Regression showed that 15.2% of the variance in BAQ scores can be explained by DAR-5 scores, with an additional 3.8% explained by FSS scores, while an additional 2.3% is explained by years of working experience. Mediation analysis highlighted the role of family support as a negative mediator in the DAR-5 and BAQ relationship.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>During the first year of the pandemic, there was an increase in the sense of family support among female health workers. One-third of the participants displayed increased anger scores. Family support acts as a mediator by preventing anger derailing into aggression. In healthcare worker support programs, it seems necessary to entail a specific section on anger management.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"524-537"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 pandemic: Evaluating its psychological impact and individuals' depression, anxiety, and stress levels.","authors":"Bahar Kefeli Çol, Ayşe Gümüşler Başaran, Hilal Pekmezci","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023036","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic is a global public health problem affecting mental health, and basic data are required for evidence-based mental health interventions. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of psychological impacts, anxiety, depression, stress, and any associated risk factors in individuals living in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The population of this descriptive study consisted of individuals over the age of 18 living in Turkey. The data were collected between July-September 2020 using the snowball sampling method. The study was completed with 1733 participants. The data were collected using the Impact of Events Scale-Revised and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. Statistical analyses included percentage, mean, standard deviation, a Chi-square test, a Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis and Tamhane's T2 post hoc, and Spearman's correlation. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>45.1% had moderate or severe psychological effects; 42.7% had a moderate or severe depression, 31.7% had moderate or severe anxiety, and 28.5% had moderate or severe stress levels. Being a woman, being single, unemployment, smoking, the presence of chronic diseases, being young (<35), being a university graduate, having a household size of 5 or more, a low income, having poor health, and being underweight were significantly correlated with some psychological impact, depression, anxiety, and stress levels of people.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>During the pandemic period, almost half of the respondents were found to experience some psychological impact of the pandemic and have negative moderate to severe mental health levels. Risk groups for mental health were identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"507-523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term incompatibility of nutritional status and early childhood caries-A call to revamp perinatal and early childhood dietary care and follow-up.","authors":"Kavita Sudersanadas, Maha Al Turki, Bahija Basheer, Winnie Philip, Ihssan Hassan Abdelrahman, Alghaliyah Alghofaili, Amani Almoubayed, Abeer Raad Almudaihim","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023035","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Dietary pattern and diet quality can influence the incidence of dental caries and can be indicated by decay missing filled (Dmf) scores in the primary dentition. This study aims to find the relationship of nutritional status and oral hygiene practices on Dmf scores of preschool children.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Semi-structured and self-administered questionnaires, distributed among 60 preschoolers' parents, were used to assess the demographic and diet related data. Anthropometric measurements of the preschoolers were taken following universally accepted protocols. The relationship between dietary supplement consumption and the presence of dental caries was evaluated by chi-square test employing SPSS 22.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The anthropometric measurements among 4-year-old children were on par with the standard values and that of 5-year-olds were below the reference range. All the measurements except head to chest circumference were higher than normal range among 3-year-old subjects. Regular and periodic dental check-ups significantly influenced dental caries prevention (p = 0.030). Statistically, there was no significant association between Dmf scores and thumb-sucking habits (p = 0.568), brushing teeth and usage of tooth floss (p = 0.96), consumption of nutrient supplements (p = 0.744), and BMI (p = 0.564) of the subjects. Furthermore, the correlation between z scores and Dmf scores was found insignificant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Long-term as well as short-term malnutrition initiated 2 years after the start of the pre-schooling. With severity of undernutrition there was a trend to have high Dmf scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"496-506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical fitness in Austrian elementary school children prior to and post-COVID-19.","authors":"Clemens Drenowatz, Gerson Ferrari, Klaus Greier, Sitong Chen, Franz Hinterkörner","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023034","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries implemented policies that included movement restrictions, social distancing and school closures in order to control the spread of the virus. Even though these actions may have been necessary to save lives, there have been some unintended consequences that could affect future public health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study uses data from more than 24,500 Austrian elementary school children (51.2% male) that participated in a state-wide fitness evaluation program, which was initiated in the 2016/17 school year. In addition to body weight and height, data on cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular power, speed, agility, flexibility and object control were collected from three cohorts prior to the implementation of movement restrictions (school years: 2016/17, 2017/18, 2018/19) and one cohort in 2022, after the majority of COVID-19 policies had been lifted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Body mass index percentiles were significantly higher in children post-COVID-19 (p < 0.01). Further, cardiorespiratory endurance, agility and flexibility were significantly lower post-COVID-19 compared to the years preceding movement restrictions (p ≤ 0.01), while absolute muscular strength was higher in the year 2022 (p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the detrimental effects of COVID-19 policies on physical fitness in children, additional efforts are necessary that include versatile opportunities for physical activity and the promotion of physical fitness in order to modify the observed negative health trajectories and ensure future public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 2","pages":"480-495"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10251054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9674187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic within a pandemic! Policy Implications of community-based Interventions to mitigate violence against women during COVID-19 in Urban Slums of Lucknow, India.","authors":"Fnu Kajal, Ram Manohar Mishra, Amit Mehrotra, Vijay Kumar Chattu","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023022","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has brought an unprecedented adverse impact on women's health. Evidence from the literature suggests that violence against women has increased multifold. Gender-based violence in urban slums has worsened due to a lack of water and sanitation services, overcrowding, deteriorating conditions and a lack of institutional frameworks to address gender inequities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The SAMBHAV (Synchronized Action for Marginalized to Improve Behaviors and Vulnerabilities) initiative was launched between June 2020 to December 2020 by collaborating with the Uttar Pradesh state government, UNICEF and UNDP. The program intended to reach 6000 families in 30 UPS (Urban Poor settlements) of 13 city wards. These 30 UPS were divided into 5 clusters. The survey was conducted in 760 households, 397 taken from randomly selected 15 interventions and 363 households from 15 control UPS. This paper utilized data from a baseline assessment of gender and decision-making from a household survey conducted in the selected UPS during July 03-15, 2020. A sample size of 360 completed interviews was calculated for intervention and control areas to measure changes attributable to the SAMBHAV intervention in the behaviours and service utilization (pre- and post-intervention).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data analysis showed a significant difference (p-value < 0.001) between respondents regarding women's freedom to move alone in the control and intervention area. It also reflected a significant difference between control and intervention areas as the respondents in the intervention area chose to work for the cause of gender-based violence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SAMBHAV initiative brought an intersectional lens to gender issues. The community volunteers were trained to approach issues based on gender-based violence with the local public, and various conferences and meetings were organized to sensitize the community. The initiative's overall impact was that it built momentum around the issue of applying the concept of intersectionality for gender issues and building resilience in the community. There is still a need to bring multi-layered and more aggressive approaches to reduce the prevalence of gender-based violence in the community.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 2","pages":"297-309"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10251050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9674190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capacity building among frontline health workers (FHWs) in screening for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs): Findings of an implementation study from Bihar, India.","authors":"Neeraj Agarwal, C M Singh, Bijaya Nanda Naik, Abhisek Mishra, Shamshad Ahmad, Pallavi Lohani, Saket Shekhar, Bijit Biswas","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023017","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community-based screening is one of the key preventive strategies to tackle the ever-rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) under the National Programme for Prevention & Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study was aimed to build capacity among frontline health workers (FHWs) in screening for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) under NPCDCS in the selected districts of Bihar state.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This was an implementation study with follow-up components, conducted among 75 FHWs [14 auxiliary nurse midwives (ANMs) and 61 accredited social health activists (ASHAs)] from 15 primary healthcare facilities across four districts of Bihar state from October 2019 to September 2021. The selected FHWs were initially trained on NPCDCS for a day, including pre- and post-training knowledge assessment. Then, supportive supervision (SS) visits using a predesigned questionnaire were done.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pre- and post-training mean knowledge scores of the FHWs were 12.9 and 22.1, respectively, with an overall effect size of 2.5. During SS visits, only 20.0% of the visited primary healthcare facilities had all the required logistics to conduct weekly NCD screening clinics for CVDs. Considering different measurements and operative skill proficiencies of FHWs, waist circumference skills (41.7% for ANMs and 50.8% for ASHAs), followed by blood pressure (BP) (41.7%) and random blood sugar (RBS) measurement (25.0%), were found to be the most deficient skills (among ANMs). Moreover, the quality of initial and follow-up home visits was found to be satisfactory for only 54.1% of the ASHAs. The reported barriers of NCD screening were reported to be non-cooperation, unawareness among community dwellers, lack of knowledge and skill of FHWs, logistic constraints and delayed honorarium credit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>One-day training on NCDs for FHWs was quite effective. However, for translating all the desired skills for CVD screening into action, periodic training needs assessment, and SS of FHWs might be fruitful.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"219-234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10091123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9315583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mothers' intentions to vaccinate their children for COVID-19.","authors":"Shruthi Venkatesh, Alexandra Gill, Lauren Kim, Stacey N Doan","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023016","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parents' intentions to vaccinate their children is an important area of investigation in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a growing body of research examining factors that influence parents' vaccine intentions. The current study investigated factors that would influence maternal intent to vaccinate their children for COVID-19, shortly before the CDC approved vaccines for children 11 and younger. We had a sample of n = 176 mothers (Mchildage = 71.63 months, 52% White) from California fill out an online survey during February-April 2021. Our results suggest that perceived COVID-19 threat predicts mothers' intention to vaccinate their children (b = 0.370, p < 0.001), controlling for mothers' age, socioeconomic status, race, and child age. Child age (b = 0.027, p = 0.008), SES (b = 0.396, p = 0.018), and child previous flu shot (b = 0.725, p < 0.001) also positively predicted mothers' intention to vaccinate their children. Results are discussed in light of prior research on maternal vaccine intentions and hesitancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"209-218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10091125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9308995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary study of perceived cardiovascular disease risk and risk status of adults in small rural and urban locations in Ibadan, Nigeria.","authors":"Nse A Odunaiya, Opeyemi M Adegoke, Abiodun M Adeoye, Oluwafemi O Oguntibeju","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023015","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been on the rise in developing countries like Nigeria recently. Studies on perceived CVD risk and the risk status of adults in Ibadan are not readily available, hence this study. A mixed-method design involving a cross-sectional survey and an exploratory qualitative study was utilized. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 418 participants (209 from rural and 209 from urban) for the cross-sectional survey, while purposive sampling was used to recruit 14 participants for the qualitative aspect. The INTERHEART risk score and the Perception of Risk of Heart Disease Scale were used to investigate participants' CVD risk status and perceived risk, respectively. The data from the cross-sectional survey were summarized by using descriptive statistics, and the data were then analyzed by using the chi-square test of association and a multiple logistic regression model, while content thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. In the rural and urban areas, respectively, 39.7% and 52.2% had a positive perception of CVD risk. In the rural and urban areas, 44% and 41.6% of individuals respectively had moderate-to-high risk of CVD. Participants with at least secondary school education [2.66 (0.61-11.53)] and participants in the urban area [2.62 (0.78-7.08)] had twice higher odds of positive CVD risk perception. Males [3.91 (1.58-9.68)], adults aged 40 and above [1.59 (0.63-4.00)] and urban dwellers [1.21 (0.33-4.39)] had higher odds of a high CVD risk status. The qualitative aspect of the study corroborated the findings from the survey, as many participants did not perceive themselves as being at risk of CVD. The majority of the participants in this study were found to have a moderate-to-high risk of CVD, and many had a negative perception of their risk. Health education and CVD prevention programs are required to curb the burden of CVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"190-208"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10091121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9315587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity and reproducibility of food photographic estimation for evaluating meals in evacuation shelters.","authors":"Haruka Kobayashi, Noriko Sudo, Nobuyo Tsuboyama-Kasaoka, Ikuko Shimada, Keiichi Sato","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023013","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The primary goal was to evaluate the validity of food photographic estimation for nutritional assessment compared with weighed food record (WFR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated the validity and reproducibility of photographic estimation of foods provided in evacuation shelters. We analyzed 35 meals served at 12 shelters in Kumamoto Prefecture in Japan, affected by a heavy rain disaster in 2020. In this context, we compared 21 senior students' portion size estimation by food photographs to WFR. In addition, we assigned five meals for each of the 21 senior students, and the same meal photograph was estimated by three students to test reproducibility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant difference was detected between the two methods regarding energy, the total grams of meal, the protein, and vitamins B₁, B₂, and C, except for salt. In addition, the students who never self-cooked underestimated the total grams.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Food photographic estimation could simplify the nutritional assessment in evacuation shelters. However, unclear photographs and food items served by weight could weaken the estimation accuracy. According to previous studies and the applied postestimation questionnaire, photographs taken from specified angles and reference food photobooks for portion size estimation may improve accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"169-182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10091122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9315584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sources, diffusion and prediction in COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned to face next health emergency.","authors":"Mario Coccia","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023012","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scholars and experts argue that future pandemics and/or epidemics are inevitable events, and the problem is not whether they will occur, but when a new health emergency will emerge. In this uncertain scenario, one of the most important questions is an accurate prevention, preparedness and prediction for the next pandemic. The main goal of this study is twofold: first, the clarification of sources and factors that may trigger pandemic threats; second, the examination of prediction models of on-going pandemics, showing pros and cons. Results, based on in-depth systematic review, show the vital role of environmental factors in the spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and many limitations of the epidemiologic models of prediction because of the complex interactions between the new viral agent SARS-CoV-2, environment and society that have generated variants and sub-variants with rapid transmission. The insights here are, whenever possible, to clarify these aspects associated with public health in order to provide lessons learned of health policy that may reduce risks of emergence and diffusion of new pandemics having negative societal impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"145-168"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10091135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9315588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}