AIMS Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Exploring barriers to accessing healthcare services for older indigenous people in the Chittagong Hill Tract, Bangladesh.","authors":"Md Sohrab Hossen, Md Salman Sohel, Gazi Abu Horaira, Md Aminul Haque Laskor, Asia Binta Amanat Sumi, Srima Chowdhury, Sima Aktar, Md Khaled Sifullah, Md Fouad Hossain Sarker","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023047","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We aim to investigate the obstacles faced by elderly indigenous individuals in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh when accessing healthcare services. A qualitative research approach was utilized, and data collection was carried out in three distinct regions of the aforementioned area. A total of 30 in-depth, semi-structured interviews and participant observations were conducted to achieve the research objectives. Thematic analysis utilizing both a deductive and inductive approach was employed to analyze the data. The Granheim method and Nvivo-12 software were utilized to process, analyze and code the data. The study's findings indicate that a lack of knowledge about healthcare needs, geographical barriers, poor financial conditions, higher cost of medical services, scarcity of hospitals nearby and communication barriers all contribute to inadequate access to healthcare services. By recognizing the factors that impede access to healthcare services in this region, this study offers valuable insight for policymakers and healthcare providers on how to enhance healthcare services for the indigenous population, especially the elderly. Furthermore, the government can adopt a more efficient approach to include these elderly individuals in various social safety net programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"678-697"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health and substance use disorder comorbidities among Medicaid beneficiaries: Associations with opioid use disorder and prescription opioid misuse.","authors":"James A Swartz, Dana Franceschini, Kamryn Scamperle","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023046","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medicaid presently insures about one-fourth of the US population and disproportionately insures about 38 % of non-elderly adults with an opioid use disorder (OUD). Owing to Medicaid's prominent role insuring persons with an OUD and that Medicaid coverage includes pharmaceutical benefits, there has been considerable interest in studying potential prescription opioid misuse among Medicaid beneficiaries and identifying subpopulations at higher risk for misuse and possible progression to an OUD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study goals were to explore the associations among prescription opioid misuse, OUD, and co-occurring mental health and other substance use disorders (SUD). We analyzed Illinois Medicaid 2018 claims data for 1102479 adult beneficiaries 18 to 64 years of age. Using algorithms based on previous studies, we first determined either the presence or absence of nine SUDS (including OUD), nine mental health disorders and likely prescription opioid misuse. Then, we subdivided the beneficiary sample into five groups: those who were prescribed opioids and evidenced either no, possible, or probable misuse; those evidencing an OUD; and those evidencing no opioid use or misuse.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bivariate analyses, upset plots, and multinomial logistic regressions were used to compare the five subgroups on the prevalence of co-occurring SUDS and mental health disorders. Those with an OUD or with probable prescription opioid misuse had the highest prevalence of most co-occurring conditions with beneficiaries with an OUD the most likely to evidence co-occurring SUDS, particularly tobacco use disorder, whereas those with probable misuse had elevated prevalence rates of co-occurring mental health disorders comparable to those with an OUD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The medical complexity of persons with an OUD or misusing prescription opioids are considered in light of recent attempts to expand buprenorphine provision as a medication for OUD among Medicaid beneficiaries. Additionally, we consider the possibility of gender, co-occurring mental health disorders, and tobacco use disorder as important risk factors for progressing to prescription opioid misuse and an OUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"658-677"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a web-based education for community mental health case managers on physical healthcare for clients with severe mental illness.","authors":"Jungsu Lee, Yun-Jung Choi","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023045","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to develop and verify the effects of a web-based physical healthcare education program for community mental health case managers during the time of COVID-19. Six modules of mental health case management physical health education program were developed and provided using the EdWith education platform, which enables real-time streaming, lecture participant management and whether participants have watched the video and watch time. A total of 51 community mental health case managers participated in the study. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software. Participants of the physical healthcare education program testified increased performance in, as well as enhanced attitudes toward physical healthcare. Their confidence in physical healthcare increased significantly from that of the individuals in the control group. The web-based educational program for mental health case managers in physical healthcare may be beneficial to improving the physical health of clients with chronic mental illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"647-657"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial infections as potential risk factors for lung cancer: Investigating the role of human papillomavirus and chlamydia pneumoniae.","authors":"Emmanuel Kwateng Drokow, Clement Yaw Effah, Clement Agboyibor, Jemima Twumwaah Budu, Francisca Arboh, Priscilla Akyaa Kyei-Baffour, Yao Xiao, Fan Zhang, Irene Xy Wu","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023044","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Apart from tobacco smoke and dietary factors, microbial infections have been reported as the third leading cause of cancers globally. Deciphering the association between microbiome and lung cancer will provide potential biomarkers and novel insight in lung cancer progression. In this current study, we performed a meta-analysis to decipher the possible association between <i>C. pneumoniae</i> and human papillomavirus (HPV) and the risk of lung cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature search was conducted in most English and Chinese databases. Data were analyzed using CMA v.3.0 and RevMan v.5.3 software (Cochrane-Mantel-Haenszel method) by random-effects (DerSimonian and Laird) model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall pooled estimates for HPV studies revealed that HPV infections in patients with lung cancer were significantly higher than those in the control group (<i>OR</i> = 2.33, 95% <i>CI</i> = 1.57-3.37, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Base on subgroup analysis, HPV infection rate was significantly higher in Asians (<i>OR</i> = 6.38, 95% <i>CI</i> = 2.33-17.46, <i>p</i> < 0.001), in tissues (<i>OR</i> = 5.04, 95% <i>CI</i> = 2.27-11.19, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and blood samples (<i>OR</i> = 1.40, 95% <i>CI</i> = 1.02-1.93, <i>p</i> = 0.04) of lung cancer patients but non-significantly lower in males (<i>OR</i> = 0.84, 95% <i>CI</i> = 0.57-1.22, <i>p</i> =0.35) and among lung cancer patients at clinical stage I-II (<i>OR</i> = 0.95, 95% <i>CI</i> = 0.61-1.49, <i>p</i> = 0.82). The overall pooled estimates from <i>C. pneumoniae</i> studies revealed that <i>C. pneumoniae</i> infection is a risk factor among lung cancer patients who are IgA seropositive (<i>OR</i> = 1.88, 95% <i>CI</i> = 1.30-2.70, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and IgG seropositive (<i>OR</i> = 1.50, 95% <i>CI</i> = 1.10-2.04, <i>p</i> = 0.010). All seronegative IgA (<i>OR</i> = 0.69, 95% <i>CI</i> = 0.42-1.16, <i>p</i> = 0.16) and IgG (<i>OR</i> = 0.66, 95% <i>CI</i> = 0.42-105, <i>p</i> = 0.08) titers are not associative risk factors to lung cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Immunoglobulin (IgA) and IgG seropositive titers of <i>C. pneumoniae</i> and lungs infected with HPV types 16 and 18 are potential risk factors associated with lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"627-646"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of ketamine for depression and suicidality in cancer and terminal patients: Review of current data.","authors":"Aderonke Oyetunji, Christian Huelga, Kailee Bunte, Rachel Tao, Val Bellman","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023043","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depression and suicidality are significant challenges faced by cancer patients, particularly those in advanced stages of the disease or nearing the end of life. Conventional antidepressant therapies often have limited effectiveness or delayed onset of action, making the exploration of alternative treatments crucial. The use of ketamine as a potential treatment for depression and suicidality in cancer and terminal patients has gained considerable attention in recent years. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current data regarding the efficacy and safety of ketamine in this specific population. This review presents an overview of clinical trials and case studies investigating the use of ketamine in this population. It explores the effectiveness of ketamine as a standalone treatment or in combination with other interventions. Furthermore, the article addresses the limitations and future directions of research in this field. It highlights the need for larger, well-controlled studies with long-term follow-up to establish the efficacy, safety and optimal treatment parameters of ketamine for depression and suicidality in palliative care.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"610-626"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The safety, health, and well-being of healthcare workers during COVID-19: A scoping review.","authors":"Abdulqadir J Nashwan, Rejo G Mathew, Reni Anil, Nabeel F Allobaney, Sindhumole Krishnan Nair, Ahmed S Mohamed, Ahmad A Abujaber, Abbas Balouchi, Evangelos C Fradelos","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023042","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the safety and well-being of healthcare workers. A scoping review was conducted to highlight the impact of COVID-19 on the safety, health, and well-being of healthcare workers and to shed light on the concerns about their perceived safety and support systems. A literature search was conducted in three different databases from December 1, 2019, through July 20, 2022, to find publications that meet the aim of this review. Using search engines, 3087 articles were identified, and after a rigorous assessment by two reviewers, 30 articles were chosen for further analysis. Two themes emerged during the analysis: safety and health and well-being. The primary safety concern of the staff was mostly about contracting COVID-19, infecting family members, and caring for patients with COVID-19. During the pandemic, the health care workers appeared to have anxiety, stress, uncertainty, burnout, and a lack of sleep. Additionally, the review focused on the suggestions of health care providers to improve the safety and well-being of workers through fair organizational policies and practices and timely, individualized mental health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"593-609"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An application of ordinal regression to extract social dysfunction levels through behavioral problems.","authors":"Alka Sabharwal,&nbsp;Babita Goyal,&nbsp;Lalit Mohan Joshi","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/publichealth.2023041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychological problems are complex in nature and accurate identification of these problems is important. For the identification of psychological problems, one of the preliminary tools is the use of interviews/questionnaires. Questionnaires are preferred over interviews if the group under study is large. A strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) is one of the most widely used and powerful questionnaires to identify behavioral problems and distresses being faced by the respondents, affecting their day-to-day lives (responsible for social dysfunction). This study was held on college/university students in India, with the objective of examining if the extent of social dysfunction as measured by an impact score can be extracted from behavioral problems which are the components of the difficulty score of SDQ. Two surveys were conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic period, between the months of May-June 2020 and October 2020-February 2021 for the study. Only those responses were considered who felt distressed (\"yes\" to item 26 of SDQ). The numbers of such responses were 772/1020 and 584/743, respectively, in the two surveys. Distress levels were treated as ordered variables and three categories of distress level, viz., \"Normal\", \"Borderline\", and \"Abnormal\" were estimated through behavioral problems using ordinal regression (OR) methods with a negative log-log link function. The fitting of OR models was tested and accepted using Cox and Snell, Nagelkerke, and McFadden test. Hyperactivity-inattention and emotional symptoms were significant contributors to estimating levels of distress among respondents in survey 1 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In addition to these components, in survey 2, peer problems were also significant. OR models were good at estimating the extreme categories; however, the \"Borderline\" category was not estimated well. One of the reasons was the use of qualitative and complex data with the least wide \"Borderline\" category, both for the \"Difficulty\" and the \"Impact\" scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"577-592"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediterranean diet and health in the elderly.","authors":"Domenico Giuffrè, Angelo Maria Giuffrè","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023040","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Mediterranean diet has probably been the most studied diet since the early 1950s. American physiologist Ancel Keys coined the term since it was based on the dietary habits of those populations bordering the Mediterranean basin, particularly the island of Crete and southern Italy. The motivation for the early studies lay in understanding why these populations had greater longevity and lower occurrence of chronic-degenerative diseases and forms of cancer when compared with the peoples of Northern Europe and North America. Traditionally, this dietary regimen was based on the seasonality of foods and the consumption of unrefined grains, legumes, fish, vegetables, fruits, little meat and use of olive oil as a condiment. The purpose of this paper is to understand, based on current scientific knowledge, how the different nutrients present in such a diet can play a preventive role in the onset of today's most frequent diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"568-576"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary habits and physical activity patterns in relation to nutritional status among school-aged children in Pakistan: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Saleem Qureshi, Musarrat Iqbal, Azra Rafiq, Hamna Ahmed, Tooba Malik, Muhammad Nasir Kalam, Muhammad Abdullah, Qirtas Tauheed, Muhammad Daoud Butt","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023039","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood malnutrition remains a significant public health problem impacting the physical and mental growth if school aged children, particularly in limited-resource countries.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study objective was to assess levels of physical activity, patterns of screen time (S.T.), the relationship between physical activity and screen time patterns, and how these factors affect growth status (adjusting for socioeconomic status).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study included 3,834 children between 6-14 years attending pre-selected schools. Teachers, students, and parents were invited to fill out a standardized questionnaire, and Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated using Center for disease control (CDC) centile charts. A Chi-square was performed to see the possible association between any height and weight abnormalities and all possible risk factors. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to see the effect of variables significantly associated with univariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 2,447 (63.8%) children were between 11-14 years old and 1,387 (36.2%) were between 4-10 years old. The mean height was 143.71 ± 16.51 centimetres, the mean weight was 36.5 ± 12.9 kilogram, and the mean BMI was 17.16 ± 3.52. Multivariate logistic regression status and junk food combined affected stunting socioeconomic status was significantly associated with being underweight <i>p</i> = 0.001.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Childhood obesity and stunting remain significant problems in Pakistani school-going children. These are significantly associated with poverty, a lack of physical activity opportunities, and available food quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"553-567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking and prevalence of COVID-19: Evidence from studies from January 2020 - May 2020.","authors":"Rafia Butt, Rehan Ahmad Khan Sherwani, Muhammad Aslam, Mohammed Albassam","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2023038","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2023038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is well-known that smoking tobacco harms the respiratory system and can lead to various health problems. Regarding COVID-19, a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, smoking may have implications for both the risk of infection and the severity of the disease. Several studies have explored the association between smoking and COVID-19. However, findings have been somewhat inconsistent and vary from region to region for sample size. This article aims to study the prevalence of COVID-19 among those affected with their ongoing smoking history by computing pooled estimates of the published research. Fixed effect meta-analysis by following the guidelines of PRISMA has been carried out on 34 studies. The patients with confirmed RT-PCR and CT-scan were included, a total of 13,368; The studies' quality assessment was performed according to the Appraisal Checklist recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The effect sizes of the published research are presented in the form of pooled estimates with their respective confidence intervals. Forest plots are used to represent the effect size graphically. Current smokers' effect sizes are 0.12 (CI = 0.11-0.12); for non-smokers, it is estimated to be 0.88 (CI = 0.88-0.89). The heterogeneity statistic <i>I</i>² describes 0% of the total variation, meaning no heterogeneity among studies exists. A higher prevalence of COVID-19 among non-smokers is observed than the smokers.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"538-552"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}