AIMS Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Rural-urban classification is associated with patient- and population-level disparities in leukemia relative to other pediatric cancers.","authors":"Benjamin N Vickers, April R Jimenez, Kristin S Bogda, Elizabeth Y Jimenez, Tracie C Collins","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2026025","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2026025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite leukemia being the most commonly diagnosed form of pediatric cancer, prior surveillance research has not linked the odds of a given pediatric cancer being leukemia to rural-urban county designations.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We sought to elucidate the patient-level role of rural-urban county designations in predicting the odds of a given pediatric cancer diagnosis being leukemia while observing the role of these county designations in conveying leukemia/non-leukemia disparities in the U.S. pediatric cancer population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample included pediatric cancer diagnoses from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 21 dataset from 2010 through 2017. The study outcome was binary; cases were leukemia and controls were non-leukemia. The focal predictor was the rural-urban county designation. The analysis used patient- and community-level covariates in a logistic regression model to identify the role of rural-urban designations in predicting a leukemia diagnosis. The model also generated case scores, which were the population probabilities of diagnoses being leukemia, and used these to conduct mediation analyses to determine the population-average associations of the rural-urban designations with leukemia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the adjusted model, rural counties adjacent to metropolitan areas (henceforth, \"metros\") had a significant association with leukemia cases, with 29.4% greater odds compared to the largest metro counties. In the population-level mediation via case scores, not only rural counties adjacent to metros, but also medium and small metros, had greater population-average odds of leukemia compared to the largest metros.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While only rural counties adjacent to metros were consequential for modeling leukemia diagnoses among patients, population-average disparities in leukemia odds were also apparent in small and medium metros compared to the largest metros. This may indicate that leukemia risk exposures, existing systematically in rural counties adjacent to metros, may also be present, to lesser extents, in the small and medium metros.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"13 2","pages":"472-484"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13368656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disordered eating in office workers is correlated with trauma, stress, emotional regulation, and sleep quality: a cross-sectional screening.","authors":"Nicola Magnavita, Lucia Isolani, Francesco Chirico, Sergio Garbarino, Martina Gasbarri, Egeria Scoditti, Loreta Di Michele","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2026024","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2026024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eating and feeding disorders (EDs) are a heterogeneous group of pathologies accompanied by important metabolic and psychiatric comorbidities that occur most frequently among the young but also appear in adulthood. Consequently, they can have a high impact on the quality of life and productivity. In the workplace, they are associated with traumatic events, stress, and sleep problems. Office workers who are not engaged in night shifts are an ideal sample for studying the relationship between sleep problems and EDs, since the confounding factor of night work can be excluded. This study is a survey of office workers undergoing health surveillance over a one-year period. Participants (463 out of a total of 489) completed the Short Version of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-QS) to screen for EDs, the Effort/Reward Imbalance (ERI) questionnaire for stress, the Goldberg's Anxiety and Depression Scale (GADS) for mental health, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for sleep quality, two items from the Stop-Bang questionnaire to screen for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and some questions concerning trauma, violence, motor vehicle accidents, and injuries. The prevalence of suspected EDs was 6% (CI 95% 4.1; 8.6). According to the body mass index, all suspected cases were affected by overeating. On the basis of non-smoking, regular physical activity, and adherence to appropriate alcohol and eating behaviors, only 1.9% of the cohort was classified as having a healthy lifestyle. Suspected EDs reported experiencing significantly more life trauma (OR = 4.47, CI 95% 1.99; 10.04), domestic injuries (OR = 3.89, CI 95% 1.04; 14.56), assaults (OR = 4.36, CI 95% 1.35; 14.07), and near-miss driving accidents (OR = 3.32, CI 95% 1.26; 8.76) than their colleagues in the previous year. They also reported higher levels of work-related stress than their colleagues (OR 5.38, CI 95% 2.29; 12.63), worse sleep quality (OR = 1.31, CI 95% 1.18; 1.46), and higher levels of anxiety (OR = 1.41, CI 95% 1.23; 1.62) and depression (OR = 1.55, CI 95% 1.33; 1.81). OSA symptoms were present in 25% of suspected EDs. A multivariate logistic regression model indicated that trauma and depression were most strongly associated with suspected ED cases. Health promotion in office workers should be based on sleep hygiene, stress reduction, and emotional trauma counseling.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"13 2","pages":"449-471"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13368626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From knowledge to practice: Antibiotic prescribing behaviors and antimicrobial stewardship awareness among Iraqi dental students.","authors":"Noor R Al-Hasani, Ali I Ibrahim, Nameer Al-Taai, Ali Azeez Al-Jumaili, Mayar Danadneh, Raghad Saleh, Elham Kateeb","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2026023","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2026023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health concern, with inappropriate antibiotic use in dentistry significantly contributing to this problem. While regional studies have examined dental students' antibiotic-related knowledge and practices, comprehensive evidence from Iraq remains limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to evaluate the level of knowledge and awareness of antimicrobial stewardship principles and prescribing practices among Iraqi dental students and interns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted among dental students in the clinical phase of education (fourth and fifth years) and dental interns from multiple Iraqi universities. The survey was distributed from October 2023 to June 2025 to assess the knowledge of antibiotics, awareness of prudent antibiotic use, and self-reported prescribing practices. Correlation analyses were performed to examine associations between knowledge, awareness, and practice domains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The participants (n = 569) demonstrated strong theoretical knowledge of antibiotics and a high awareness of prudent antibiotic use. However, a consistent gap between knowledge and clinical practice was identified. Knowledge and awareness domains were positively correlated, while both were inversely associated with practice scores, thus indicating a more cautious prescribing behavior among students with higher knowledge levels. A limited access to prescribing guidelines, insufficient practical training, and variability in institutional support were identified as key factors that influence the prescribing behavior. Differences between universities highlighted the significant role of educational environment and curriculum structure (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although Iraqi dental students possess adequate knowledge and awareness regarding antibiotic use and AMR, translating this understanding into consistent clinical practice remains challenging. Higher knowledge levels were associated with restrained prescribing, thus reflecting responsible antimicrobial stewardship rather than poor practice. These findings underscore the need to integrate structured antimicrobial stewardship training, standardized prescribing guidelines, and practical decision-making support into dental education. Strengthening these components is essential to bridge the knowledge-practice gap and prepare future dental practitioners to contribute effectively to combating AMR through responsible, evidence-based prescribing.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"13 2","pages":"432-448"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13368655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causes and associated factors of mountain bike injuries in bike parks in western Austria: a two-season descriptive epidemiological study.","authors":"Gerhard Ruedl, Alois Schranz, Patrick Salner, Vera Prünster, Martin Burtscher","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2026022","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2026022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mountain bike terrain parks have become increasingly popular, particularly at ski resorts where chairlifts transport riders uphill to enjoy downhill cycling. These parks feature trails of varying difficulty with artificial obstacles designed for jumps and stunts, which contribute to a unique pattern of injuries. This retrospective epidemiological study analyzed mountain biking injuries in two bike parks in western Austria during the summer seasons of 2023 and 2024. The bike parks are located within two major ski resorts, where lifts transport riders and their bikes uphill. Injury data were systematically documented by bike patrols using an online reporting tool, while exposure data (number of biker visits and number of downhill rides) from one of the bike parks enabled the calculation of an injury rate. A total of 274 injured riders (81.8% male, mean age 30.2 ± 14.6 years), predominantly from Germany (65%), were recorded. Most injuries occurred between Friday and Sunday, primarily between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., with over 90% occurring during downhill cycling and 15% during the first ride of the day. Falls due to rider errors accounted for 77.4% of injuries, while 20.8% were linked to jump landings. The shoulder/clavicle region was the most frequently injured site (33.7%), followed by the upper extremities (26%) and the head/face region (17%). Fractures were the most common diagnosis, accounting for 52% of cases. Approximately one-quarter of injured riders required helicopter evacuation. The calculated injury rate was 4 injuries per 1000 visits or 6 injuries per 10,000 rides. In conclusion, injuries in bike parks predominantly affect men and are more frequent on weekends. Falls during downhill cycling are the leading cause, with fractures and injuries to the shoulder/clavicle region being the most common. These findings highlight the need for targeted prevention strategies and optimized emergency services to improve safety in bike parks.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"13 2","pages":"422-431"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13368624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sex-specific difference in smartphone addiction, physical activity level, and cognitive functions among university students.","authors":"Turki Abualait, Mohammad Ahsan","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2026021","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2026021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the sex-specific differences in smartphone addiction, physical activity levels, and cognitive functions among university students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 256 university students aged 18-25. Participants completed questionnaires using the Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version to assess their level of smartphone addiction. The working memory and selective attention domains of cognitive function were evaluated, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to determine participants' self-reported physical activity levels. The results revealed significant sex differences, with male students exhibiting higher levels of smartphone addiction (male = 46.42 ± 9.37; female = 38.27 ± 7.63) and greater physical activity (male = 3752 ± 1876; female = 3447 ± 1748) than their female counterparts. Additionally, female students demonstrated superior performance on selective attention tasks, including reaction time (female = 463.00 ± 50.53; male = 457.34 ± 59.31) and accuracy (female = 92.26 ± 6.53; male = 89.60 ± 8.39) across varied conditions, whereas no significant sex differences were observed in working memory or overall reaction time. These findings suggest that sex-specific factors may influence differences between male and female participants in smartphone use, cognitive function, and physical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"13 2","pages":"409-421"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13368689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of human error among intensive care unit nurses: the roles of professional commitment and anxiety.","authors":"Aziza Mohammed Salem, Ahmad Mahmoud Saleh","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2026020","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2026020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The intensive care unit (ICU) is a stressful environment where anxiety can increase human errors, affecting patient safety. Professional commitment can improve care quality and reduce such errors. In alignment with SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), we explored the relationship between professional commitment, anxiety, and human errors among ICU nurses in two government hospitals in Riyadh and Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among ICU nurses in two governmental hospitals in Riyadh and Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. Convenience sampling was used. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Spielberger Trait Anxiety Questionnaire, a professional commitment scale, and a researcher-made questionnaire on human errors in the ICU. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, applying descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant negative relationship was found between professional commitment and human errors, and a significant positive relationship between anxiety and human errors among ICU nurses (r = -0.148, p = 0.015; r = 0.174, p = 0.006, respectively). A multiple linear regression model containing both predictors was significant [F(2,151) = 9.84, p < 0.001] and explained 11.5% of the variance in human error scores (R² = 0.115).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a significant association between professional commitment, anxiety, and human errors among ICU nurses. Reducing anxiety and improving professional commitment can help minimize human errors, improve patient safety, and contribute to the achievement of SDG 3 and SDG 8.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"13 2","pages":"395-408"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13368654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring the origins of perfectionism with the Roots questionnaire in university students: sociodemographic and educational correlates.","authors":"Elena Sandri, Agnese Broccolo, Anna Marchetti, Anna De Benedictis, Giorgia Petrucci, Laura Campanozzi, Mattia Bozzetti, Teresa Rea, Rosaria Alvaro, Maria Grazia De Marinis, Michela Piredda","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2026019","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2026019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perfectionism is increasingly prevalent among university students, yet its developmental antecedents are less understood. This study examined the perceived origins of perfectionism, early family relationships, self-acceptance, and social influences using the 16-item Roots questionnaire (Family, Self, Social) and explored sociodemographic and educational correlates. In a multicenter cross-sectional survey, 2103 Italian students (mean age = 23.4; 76% female) completed the Roots scale. Nonparametric group comparisons and k-means clustering were applied. Students generally reported strong parental support, trust, and autonomy, and moderately positive social acceptance. Vulnerabilities emerged in self-related domains: fear of failure and self-critical tendencies were comparatively higher. Subscale means were as follows: Social = 5.10, Family = 5.06, and Self = 3.75 (1-7 scale). Younger students and those from southern/insular regions reported greater family support. Women presented more fear of failure and self-criticism. Catholics, especially practicing students, reported higher family acceptance/trust alongside greater inadequacy concerns. Health sciences students showed stronger family and self-related resources than peers in science/engineering. Offsite and private-university students displayed more protective indicators; scholarships were associated with heightened internal pressure despite some protective features. No group differences emerged in Social Relationships overall, and total Roots scores did not differ by offsite status or scholarship. Clustering (k = 2) yielded a profile with weaker protective factors and higher fear of failure (consistent with \"mixed\" perfectionism) and a profile with stronger family/social support, higher self-worth, and lower self-criticism (consistent with \"adaptive\" perfectionism). Findings suggest that while family cohesion and social trust buffer maladaptive perfectionism, fragile self-perceptions remain central targets. Interventions fostering self-compassion, autonomy-supportive climates, and constructive error management may preserve adaptive striving while mitigating risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"353-394"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13084365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of at-home circuit training on cardiovascular risk, functional capacity and quality of life in older adults with knee osteoarthritis and diabesity: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Sameer Badri Al-Mhanna, Zahid Nori Kamaluddin, Georgian Badicu, Wan Syaheedah Wan Ghazali, Mahaneem Mohamed, Ayu Suzailiana Muhamad, Monira I Aldhahi, Shaifuzain Ab Rahman, Hafeez Abiola Afolabi, Ab Hamid Siti-Azrin, Maha H Alhussain, Fatma Hilal Yagin, Mehmet Gülü, Abubakar Ibrahim, Clemens Drenowatz, Alexios Batrakoulis","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2026018","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2026018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The present study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of a 12-week home-based circuit training (HBCT) protocol on numerous indices associated with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and cardiometabolic health among older adult patients with KOA and the metabolic overlap between obesity and type 2 diabetes, also known as diabesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized controlled trial was registered at the Clinical Trials Registry (Date: March 7, 2024; ID: NCT06309654). Seventy overweight or obese participants (56% male) with a mean age of 62.2 ± 6.1 years were randomly allocated to the exercise group (n = 35, HBCT) or the non-exercising control group (n = 35, CON). HBCT performed a progressive protocol, lasting 20-60 min, three times per week. Each exercise session comprised seven exercises, with 15-30 repetitions, a 1-min passive rest between exercises, and 2-4 rounds per session. The assessment of outcomes included knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score, cardiometabolic risk factors, cardiorespiratory fitness, and renal function at pre- and post-training.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results demonstrate that HBCT led to a notable enhancement in the majority of cardiometabolic health indicators (e.g., anthropometrics, blood pressure, and glucose metabolism), KOA parameters related to quality of life and functionality, and cardiorespiratory fitness when compared with CON (p < 0.05). No significant changes were observed in total bilirubin, sodium, urea, and resting heart rate between HBCT and CON.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present results suggest that an injury-free HBCT program may improve numerous cardiometabolic health- and KOA-related indicators in older adult patients with KOA and diabesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"327-352"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13084466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work engagement and its association with obesity and lifestyle factors in a large working population: a sex-stratified analysis.","authors":"Lucía Garrido Sepúlveda, Pedro Juan Tárraga López, María Teófila Vicente-Herrero, Lluis Rodas Cañellas, Ángel Arturo López González, José Ignacio Ramírez-Manent","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2026017","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2026017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Work engagement, defined as a positive, fulfilling psychological state characterized by vigor, dedication, and absorption, has been proposed as a potential protective factor for cardiometabolic health. However, its relationship with obesity-particularly visceral adiposity-remains poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the association between work engagement and different adiposity indicators and to explore the mediating role of lifestyle behaviors in a large sample of Spanish workers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among employees attending occupational health evaluations between 2021 and 2022. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 111,612 participants (60.1% men) were included. Work engagement was assessed using the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) and categorized into very high, high, moderate, and low levels. Obesity and adiposity were evaluated through BMI, waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), CUN-BAE, and METS-VF. Logistic regression models estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for obesity outcomes across engagement levels, with progressive adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle covariates. Mediation analyses evaluated the indirect effects of physical activity, Mediterranean diet adherence, and smoking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lower engagement levels were independently associated with higher odds of adiposity across all indices, particularly visceral fat (METS-VF). Participants with low engagement had an adjusted OR = 2.59 (95% CI 2.34-2.85) for high METS-VF compared with those with very high engagement (p-trend < 0.001). Approximately 40% of this association was mediated by lifestyle factors, mainly physical activity. The results remained robust across sensitivity analyses, including nonlinear modeling, imputation, and cluster adjustment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower work engagement is strongly associated with increased visceral adiposity among Spanish workers, partly through behavioral mechanisms. Enhancing engagement may represent an effective psychosocial strategy to improve both psychological well-being and metabolic health in occupational settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"306-326"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13084417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bibliometric analysis highlights racial diversity of type 2 diabetes research: Global trends from 2010 to 2024.","authors":"Jiayue Li, Zeping Liu, Jun Liu","doi":"10.3934/publichealth.2026016","DOIUrl":"10.3934/publichealth.2026016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes (T2D) affects millions worldwide with marked racial disparities in prevalence, pathophysiology, and outcomes. Despite growing research, the global landscape and focus on racial diversity in T2D research remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To map and characterize research on T2D and race, with a focus on publication. Research design and methods: We performed a bibliometric analysis of 9087 English-language publications on T2D and 5 mutually exclusive racial populations (American Indian, Alaskan Native, or Indigenous; Asian; Black; Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander; and White) from 2010 to 2024, retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R software, we analyzed publication trends, country and institutional contributions, key authors, keyword clusters, and citation patterns across the racial populations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Annual publications and citations increased steadily within 15 years. Research output and influence were most frequently associated with White populations, followed by Asian and Black populations. The United States and China contributed the most publications, while international collaboration remained limited but regionally focused. Keyword analysis revealed race specific research emphases, such as gestational diabetes in Indigenous groups and hypertension in Black populations. Studies on Asian and Black populations tended to receive fewer citations and were published in journals with comparatively lower impact factors than those focusing on White populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study reveals significant diversities in T2D research coverage and impact across racial groups. Enhanced global collaboration and culturally tailored approaches are essential to address racial disparities and improve T2D prevention and care worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":45684,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Public Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"289-305"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13084391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}