Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Nasal Spray Use Technique Among Patients Attending the Out-Patient Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Gandaki Province, Nepal.","authors":"Binita Kc, Gulam Muhammad Khan, Niranjan Shrestha","doi":"10.2147/IPRP.S266191","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IPRP.S266191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nasal sprays are used to deliver the medications locally to the nasal cavity. The majority of patients have been observed to perform nasal spray use techniques inadequately. This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of the intervention on nasal spray use technique.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective pre- and post-interventional study to evaluate the nasal spray use technique among the subjects with the help of nasal spray checklist. A standardized WHO nasal spray checklist was used on the study conducted in Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal from July to October 2019. Subjects were asked to demonstrate the technique and a scoring system was applied before and after the intervention by the researcher. The total score of the intervention technique ranges from 0 to 11. After evaluation of the technique at the first visit, subjects were provided with an informative leaflet having all the steps to be followed to use the spray and the technique was re-evaluated after 10 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 81 subjects (51.9% male and 48.1% female) participated in the study. The average duration of nasal drug use was 15 days. The overall mean±SD score was 4.31±1.625 before intervention and 9.84±1.699 after intervention. After the intervention, the percentage of subjects using the nasal spray correctly increased by 50.27%. Wilcoxon signedrank test showed intervention on nasal spray use technique was effective (p=0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The nasal spray use technique was poor among the subjects before the intervention. The intervention was substantially effective in improving the technique to use the nasal spray. Regular assessment and reinforcement of correct technique by health professionals will improve the proper use technique of nasal spray, hence increasing the effectiveness of the therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":45655,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/IPRP.S266191","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38496414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Over-the-Counter Drugs Among Pharmacy and Medical Students: A Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Kidist Mulugeta Bekele,&nbsp;Ahmed Moges Abay,&nbsp;Kidist Abiye Mengistu,&nbsp;Berhanemeskel Weldegerima Atsbeha,&nbsp;Chilot Abiyu Demeke,&nbsp;Wudneh Simegn Belay,&nbsp;Dawit Kumilachew Yimenu","doi":"10.2147/IPRP.S266786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IPRP.S266786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-medication with over-the-counter (OTC) medications is common among medicine and health science students. For safe use of OTC medications, students are expected to have proper knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards OTC medications and subsequent adverse drug reactions (ADRs).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess KAP of OTC medications use and related factors among medical and pharmacy students at the University of Gondar, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. Chi-square analysis was conducted and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between KAP and OTC use and its related adverse effects. A P value of less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 380 students (229 medical students and 151 pharmacy students) participated in the study. The majority of the respondents 303 (79.7%) reported that they have the practice of self-medication. Fever 69 (80.2%), headache 21 (24.4%), and abdominal cramp 20 (23.3%) were the most common conditions for which the students go for self-medication while paracetamol 51 (59.3%) followed by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 44 (51.2%) were the most commonly used classes of drugs. An intention for time-saving caused by the waiting time due to crowds in medical consultation rooms 212 (77.4%) and a desire for quick relief 171 (62.4%) were the main reasons for the self-medication practice with OTC medications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Self-medication is widely practiced among medical and pharmacy students. Significant problems and malpractices were identified, such as sharing of OTC medications, the use of expired medicines, doubling the dose of medications when they were ineffective, storage of OTC medications, and not reading labels and expiry dates.</p>","PeriodicalId":45655,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/IPRP.S266786","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38426744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication Error and Its Contributing Factors Among Pediatric Patients Diagnosed with Infectious Diseases Admitted to Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia: Prospective Observational Study.","authors":"Desalegn Feyissa,&nbsp;Bezie Kebede,&nbsp;Ameha Zewudie,&nbsp;Yitagesu Mamo","doi":"10.2147/IPRP.S264941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IPRP.S264941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medication errors in pediatric patients are grossly underreported. Pediatric patients are quite susceptible to medication errors. Potential injury by medication error is higher in young children and infants. It results in serious morbidity and mortality. Thus, this study aimed to assess medication error and its contributing factors among pediatric patients diagnosed with infectious diseases admitted to Jimma University Medical Center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational study was conducted among pediatric patients with infectious diseases admitted from April 1 to June 30, 2018. The patient's written informed consent was obtained after explaining the purpose of the study. The data were collected by structured questionnaire. Data were entered into EpiData version 4.0.2 and then exported to SPSS version 21.0 for analysis. To identify the predictors of medication error, backward logistic regression analysis was done.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From a total of the 325 study participants, 136 (41.8%) patients had at least one medication error during their hospital stay. A total of 273 medication errors were identified among 136 patients. Medication errors frequently occurred at prescribing stage 94 (34.4%). The most common types of medication errors were wrong dosing 72 (26.4%) and wrong frequency 47 (17.2%). Presence of disease comorbidity (AOR=1.64, 95%CI=1.01-2.67), being male (AOR=1.79, 95%CI:1.13-2.86) and presence of two infectious diseases (AOR=1.96, 95%CI: 1.20-3.23) and more than three infectious diseases (AOR=2.04, 95%CI: 1.03-4.01) were independent predictors of medication error occurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and recommendation: </strong>Medication errors were common in pediatric patients with infectious diseases in the study area. Presence of comorbidities, being male and the number of infectious diseases were associated with the occurrence of medication errors. Therefore, to reduce medication errors in the study setting, e-prescribing, computerized provider order entry, medication reconciliation, and collaboration of clinical pharmacists with other health professionals are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":45655,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/IPRP.S264941","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38426745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Outcome Among People Living with HIV in a Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia.","authors":"Yohannes Mengesha,&nbsp;Muhammed Ahmed","doi":"10.2147/IPRP.S268924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IPRP.S268924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis is said to be one of the prevalent opportunistic infections and the leading cause of death among people living with human immunodeficiency virus. Although isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is thought to reduce the incidence of TB in HIV patients, its implementation has faced many obstacles. This study was concerned with the assessment of the outcome of IPT among people living with HIV who were on follow-up at Dessie referral Hospital (DRH), Northeast, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study of medical records of 220 patients, who were enrolled at Dessie Referral Hospital from January 10/2016 to December 11/2018, were conducted from March 23/2019 to April 6/2019. A systematic random sampling method was used to select the samples for the study, and a data abstraction format was used to capture the data. All data were entered, cleared and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Chi-square test was used to identify the association of outcome between the two IPT groups, and P-value <0.05 was considered as statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total TB prevalence in this study was 25 (11.36%). The occurrence of TB in the IPT group was 9(4.09%) and 16 (7.27%) for the non-IPT group but not statistically significant (p=0.137). From the study, about 40.9% of patients developed opportunistic infections. Of these, 62.81% and 37.18% of opportunistic infections were developed among patients in the non-IPT and the IPT groups, respectively (p=0.002), which were statistically significant, and the IPT completion rate was 61.81%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the current study showed that the IPT had not significantly reduced the prevalence of TB between IPT and the non-IPT group, the IPT has shown to significantly reduce the prevalence of opportunistic infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":45655,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/IPRP.S268924","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38426743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Analysis of Pharmaceuticals Inventory Management Using the ABC-VEN Matrix in Dessie Referral Hospital, Ethiopia.","authors":"Solomon Ahmed Mohammed,&nbsp;Birhanu Demeke Workneh","doi":"10.2147/IPRP.S265438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IPRP.S265438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Inventory management is a complex process that accelerates the probability of stock-out and overstocking if not tracked properly. Classification of drugs based on their criticality, cost burden, and in combination is important to make inventory decisions and optimize the quality use of scarce resources. This study analyzed the pharmaceutical inventory management systems of Dessie Referral Hospital using the ABC-VEN matrix for the years 2013 to 2017.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Cross-sectional study design was used to review logistic data retrospectively from health commodity management information system and manual records. Data were collected from January 1-20, 2018 in Dessie Referral Hospital.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the five-year ABC-VEN analysis, 310 (17%), 368 (20.18%), and 1146 (62.83%) items were class A, B, and C, while 610 (34.56%), 1125 (63.74%), and 30 (1.7%) of pharmaceuticals were V, E, and N, respectively. Among these, 139 (7.88%) and 339 (19.21%) of AV and CV pharmaceuticals utilized 43.52% and 2.89% of annual drug expenditures, respectively. Category I, II, and III pharmaceuticals also accounted for 43.68%, 54.79%, and 1.53% of items with their respective USD drug expenditure of 2,268,405.64 (84.49%), 411,961.18 (15.34%), and 4483.97 (0.17%). The pharmaceutical inventory cost projected to be 1,619,351.79 USD in 2025 and total cost (β= 10.68, p = 0.001), class A (β= 8.68, p = 0.001), class B (β= 1.27, p = 0.007), class C (β= 0.72, p = 0.03), and E items (β= 6.08, p = 0.01) were statistically significant with inventory cost.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A huge amount of budget is invested in class A and category I, which pinpoints the need for strict inventory control to prevent wastage and accumulation of capital in buffer stocks. ABC-VEN analysis should be routinely performed before initiation of any new procurement for efficient use of scarce resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":45655,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/IPRP.S265438","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38426742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19-Related Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Hospital and Community Pharmacists in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.","authors":"Zelalem Tilahun Tesfaye, Malede Berihun Yismaw, Zenebe Negash, Akeberegn Gorems Ayele","doi":"10.2147/IPRP.S261275","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IPRP.S261275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study was launched to assess COVID-19-related knowledge, attitude and practice among hospital and community pharmacists in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Self-administered questionnaire was distributed to pharmacists working in hospitals and community pharmacies by physically delivering the questionnaire to study subjects. Data collected were entered into and analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics^® Version 25. Binary logistic analysis was used to determine the association between independent and outcome variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 295 participants who completed the survey stated that they had heard about COVID-19. Almost all of the participants were aware of the causative agent, the clinical manifestations and the ways of transmission of COVID-19. Most participants (92.2%) identified elderly individuals as one of the high-risk groups for severe complications and death while 89.5% identified supportive therapy and life support as recommended management options to date. More than half (53.2%) of the respondents were found to have adequate knowledge about COVID-19. Among respondents, 89.8% had a positive attitude on the importance of following WHO recommendations in reducing the transmission of COVID-19. Only 9.8% had confidence in the capacity of healthcare facilities in the country to properly handle potential COVID-19 pandemic. Inadequate protective measures were taken to protect the staff from COVID-19 in the institutions of 70.2% of the participants. Among the WHO recommended prevention measures, hand washing was exercised by 97.3% of the study participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study findings confirmed that there is a high level of knowledge on each specific aspect of COVID-19 among the study participants. However, only about half of the participants had adequate knowledge about the disease. The pharmacists showed a predominantly positive attitude towards the importance of WHO recommendations and predominantly negative attitude towards the country's capacity to deal with the pandemic. The practice related to COVID-19 was inadequate at institutional level. Nevertheless, most of the pharmacists individually exercised self-protective measures against COVID-19. All stakeholders should work on ensuring the adequate supply of materials and services that aid in controlling the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":45655,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2020-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/45/03/iprp-9-105.PMC7455591.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38455791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlicensed \"Special\" Medicines: Understanding the Community Pharmacist Perspective.","authors":"Alesha Wale,&nbsp;Mark Ireland,&nbsp;Rowan Yemm,&nbsp;Sarah Hiom,&nbsp;Alison Jones,&nbsp;John Paul Spark,&nbsp;Mark Francis,&nbsp;Karen May,&nbsp;Louise Allen,&nbsp;Steve Ridd,&nbsp;Efi Mantzourani","doi":"10.2147/IPRP.S263970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IPRP.S263970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Community pharmacy staff are responsible for obtaining and supplying unlicensed \"special\" medicines to patients in primary care. Less well-defined parameters for safe and effective use of unlicensed compared to licensed medicines, along with issues around maintaining consistency between care settings or among manufacturers, have been associated with increased risks. This study aimed to explore the views and experiences of community pharmacy staff on accessing and supplying unlicensed \"special\" medicines to patients in Wales and the perceived impact of challenges faced on patient care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative, phenomenological approach was employed, involving semi-structured interviews with pharmacists and pharmacy technicians working at one small chain of community pharmacies in Wales. The interview schedule focused on the personal experiences and perceptions of the participants on the processes involved in accessing and supplying unlicensed \"special\" medicines from a community pharmacy. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of six participants completed the interview. Three main themes were constructed from inductive thematic analysis of the transcribed interviews: requirement for additional patient responsibilities; influences on the confidence felt by pharmacy staff when accessing and supplying unlicensed \"special\" medicines; and continuity of supply.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study gives a preliminary insight into the views and experiences of community pharmacy staff in Wales when accessing and supplying unlicensed \"special\" medicines. Further research is required to see if these views and experiences are representative of community pharmacy staff across the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":45655,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/IPRP.S263970","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38343171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Availability of Tracer Drugs and Implementation of Their Logistic Management Information System in Public Health Facilities of Dessie, North-East Ethiopia.","authors":"Mulate Belete Demessie,&nbsp;Birhanu Demeke Workneh,&nbsp;Solomon Ahmed Mohammed,&nbsp;Abel Demerew Hailu","doi":"10.2147/IPRP.S262266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IPRP.S262266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tracer drugs are the representative of essential medicines and satisfy the priority healthcare needs of the population. Managing tracer drugs through logistics management information systems is a strategy to enhance their smooth flow for continuous provision of quality health service. This study assessed the availability of tracer drugs and implementation of their logistic management information system in public health facilities of Dessie, North-East Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study was conducted from September 15-30, 2017, in all public health facilities of Dessie. The data were collected by reviewing tracer drugs logistic formats and conducting physical inventory. Key informant interview was employed to all pharmacy heads and store managers. Data analysis was done using statistical package for social science version 20 and Microsoft Excel 2010.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve tracer drugs were managed by health facilities. The overall mean availability, mean duration, and average frequency of stock out of tracer drugs (last 6 months) were 74.7%, 48.8 days, and 1.43, respectively. In eight health facilities, logistic records were available, but all health facilities did not use stock cards. Also, 3 out of 9 used the health commodity management information system. On average, 77.8% of the tracer drugs had bin cards, of which, 86% were updated. The discrepancy between physical count and stock keeping records was ranged from 0% to 100%. The causes of stock out were inadequate supply, lack of recording forms, and their inconsistent use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and recommendations: </strong>The availability of tracer drugs was less than the recommended percent, and inadequate supply, poor availability and use of recording forms were the reasons for stock out. Thus, health facility managers and pharmacy heads should work in harmony to ensure uninterrupted supply and implement a logistic management information system.</p>","PeriodicalId":45655,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/IPRP.S262266","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38409272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication Therapy Management: Current Challenges.","authors":"Stefanie P Ferreri,&nbsp;Tamera D Hughes,&nbsp;Margie E Snyder","doi":"10.2147/IPRP.S179628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IPRP.S179628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medication therapy management (MTM) services have evolved as a means for pharmacists and other providers to assist patients and caregivers in improving therapeutic outcomes and reducing health care expenditures. More than a decade has passed since the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 provided pharmacists with the opportunity to deliver MTM services to Medicare beneficiaries. MTM continues to offer pharmacists the opportunity to use their knowledge; yet, pharmacists have reported challenges with service delivery. Identifying the challenges that affect MTM services in pharmacy practice is necessary in order to seek improvement to MTM delivery. This narrative review explores the current challenges pharmacists face with MTM delivery, summarizes potential solutions for addressing challenges, and seeks to incite further debate, service reconfiguration, and ultimately service improvement of pharmacist-provided MTM services.</p>","PeriodicalId":45655,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/IPRP.S179628","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37851813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disposal Practices of Unused Medications Among Patients in Public Health Centers of Dessie Town, Northeast Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Survey.","authors":"Haile Kassahun,&nbsp;Dugessa Tesfaye","doi":"10.2147/IPRP.S243069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IPRP.S243069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disposal of pharmaceutical waste among patients is a global challenge, especially in developing countries like Ethiopia. Improper medication disposal can lead to health problems and environmental contamination. Therefore, the present study was aimed to assess disposal practices of unused medications among patients in public health centers of Dessie town, Northeast Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 263 patients in four public health centers of Dessie town, Ethiopia from March to June 2019. Face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires were used to collect data from each study subject.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of the respondents, 224 (85.17%), had unused medications at their home during the study period. The most commonly reported disposal method in the present study was flushing down into a toilet, 66 (25.09%). None of the respondents practiced returning unused medications to the pharmacy. Moreover, 85 (32.31%) of the respondents reported never disposing of their medications and believed that it is acceptable to store medications at home for future use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the present study, there was a high practice of keeping medications at home and most of the disposal practices were not recommended methods. In addition, most of the respondents did not receive advice from pharmacists and other health-care professionals on how to dispose of unused medications. Hence, there is a need for proper education and guidance of patients about disposal practices of unused medications.</p>","PeriodicalId":45655,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/IPRP.S243069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37825761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}