Case Reports in Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Lichen Planus Follicularis Tumidus of the Vulva: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Kong Xiangjun, Shao Lili, Hou Shuping, Zhao Qian, Wang Huiping","doi":"10.1155/crip/9945177","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crip/9945177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lichen planus follicularis tumidus (LPFT) is a rare variant of follicular lichen planus that predominantly affects the postauricular region, although cases involving the nasal ala and vulva have also been reported. The distinctive histopathology of LPFT can lead to diagnostic confusion with plaque parapsoriasis, lichenoid keratosis, and folliculotropic mycosis fungoides. We herein report a case of LPFT in a 54-year-old woman presenting with a vulvar lesion that exhibited plaque-like and verrucous features. Histopathologically, the lesion demonstrated typical lichenoid inflammation that surrounded dilated follicular infundibula. The patient achieved complete resolution following surgical excision.</p>","PeriodicalId":45638,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pathology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9945177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13347628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148425397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bladder Melanosis: Clinicopathologic Insights Into a Rare Mimic of Malignant Melanoma.","authors":"Mukund Tinguria","doi":"10.1155/crip/5166142","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crip/5166142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melanosis of the urinary bladder (melanosis vesicae) is a rare condition where dark, velvety patches are seen on the bladder mucosa during cystoscopy. With fewer than 30 cases reported to date, it remains an exceptionally rare finding. The condition is often associated with symptoms like urinary urgency or incontinence. Microscopically, the diagnosis is confirmed by the presence of melanin granules within urothelial cells and lamina propria macrophages. Although the exact cause is unknown, melanosis is considered benign. However, its clinical importance lies in the need to distinguish it from primary or metastatic malignant melanoma. It must also be differentiated from other forms of bladder pigmentation, such as hemosiderin or lipofuscin deposition. Because it can mimic a malignancy, urologists and pathologists must be aware of this entity to avoid an incorrect diagnosis of cancer. This report describes a case of melanosis vesicae in a 26-year-old male with spina bifida who presented with lower urinary tract symptoms and a suspected bladder tumor. The clinicopathologic features and a review of the current literature are provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":45638,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pathology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5166142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13329763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148392115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasm of the Lung: A Patient Case Report.","authors":"Calista Sha, Riona Park, Michael Esposito, Paul C Lee","doi":"10.1155/crip/9952483","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crip/9952483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComa) are a family of tumors characterized by epithelioid cells and are often found in perivascular spaces. Cases originating in the lungs are highly uncommon. We discuss the case of a pulmonary PEComa found in a 71-year-old male who had two instances of lung cancer 4 years prior. He had received a left lower lobectomy and a subsequent right upper lobectomy for separate primary Stage IA adenocarcinomas. His most recent surveillance imaging revealed a cystic lesion in the left upper lobe. A surgical course of treatment was recommended, and a wedge resection was performed. After immunohistochemical and genetic analysis, the lesion was characterized as a localized PEComa that was positive for Melan-A and Cathepsin-K on IHC, although negative for HMB-45. The current case contributes to the expanding histopathologic profile of these lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45638,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pathology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9952483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13291722/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148333409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Yolk Sac Tumor of the Endometrium: A Case Report and Comprehensive Literature Review.","authors":"Hao Cheng, Yan Song, Su-Sheng Shi","doi":"10.1155/crip/5517722","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crip/5517722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yolk sac tumor (YST) of the endometrium is very rare, with fewer than 40 cases reported in the English literature. We here describe a case of primary endometrial YST and discuss the clinicopathological features with a literature review. A 66-year-old Chinese woman presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding for 15 days and a uterine mass for 3 days. The preoperative alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level was 9652.0 ng/mL, while other serum tumor markers, including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and <i>β</i>-human chorionic gonadotropin (<i>β</i>-HCG), were 40.2 ng/mL, 29.19 ng/mL, and 27.7 mIU/mL, respectively. Pelvic ultrasound imaging revealed a 7.1 × 6.6 × 6.0 cm mass in the endometrial cavity. The patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy, and partial omental resection. The morphologic and immunohistochemical pattern (cytokeratin+++, Sal-Like Protein 4+++, AFP++, Focal Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1 beta+, and Focal Glypican-3+) was consistent with a primary YST of the endometrium, and the final pathologic stage was IVb based on the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging. Postoperative serum AFP level was 5193.0 ng/mL 5 days after the operation. Primary endometrial YST is extremely rare. It should be differentially diagnosed from other uterine malignancies. Complete surgical staging combined with chemotherapy may have a better survival impact on endometrial YST.</p>","PeriodicalId":45638,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pathology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5517722"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13280803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148296833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteosarcoma in the Setting of Genetically Confirmed <i>IFITM5-</i>Related Osteogenesis Imperfecta.","authors":"Ava McKane, Morgan Noel, Andrew Hiatt, Cynthia Emory","doi":"10.1155/crip/3377588","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crip/3377588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a group of skeletal dysplasias characterized by recurrent fractures and fragile bones. Two pathogenic variants in the <i>IFITM5</i> gene cause distinct forms of OI: The recurrent c.-14C>T variant causes OI type V (MIM #610967), characterized by hyperplastic callus formation and interosseous membrane ossification, while the rare c.119C>T (p.Ser40Leu) variant causes a phenotypically distinct, severe form of <i>IFITM5</i>-related OI without these hallmark features. Radiographically, OI-related skeletal lesions may resemble malignant bone tumors such as osteosarcoma, leading to diagnostic challenges. Although the co-occurrence of OI and osteosarcoma has been reported, with approximately nine documented cases, all involved other OI subtypes. No case of true osteosarcoma arising in a patient with genetically confirmed <i>IFITM5</i>-related OI has been previously described. We present this case to highlight the novelty of this association, improve recognition of the distinguishing features, and prevent future misdiagnosis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 23-year-old female with <i>IFITM5</i>-related OI, confirmed by molecular testing showing heterozygosity for a pathogenic <i>IFITM5</i> mutation (c.119C>T, p.Ser40Leu; parental testing to determine inheritance was not performed) presented to our Comprehensive Cancer Center in May 2025 with localized groin pain, later diagnosed as a nondisplaced pelvic fracture. Although initial clinical and radiographic findings were consistent with the patient's underlying OI, further evaluation revealed features concerning for concomitant osteosarcoma. The patient was treated with the MISER chemotherapy protocol with subsequent surgical resection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Distinguishing OI-related skeletal changes from malignant bone tumors requires integration of clinical history, genetic testing, and careful pathologic evaluation via a multidisciplinary approach. While prior reports of concomitant osteosarcoma and OI have involved other subtypes, this case represents the first documented true co-occurrence in a patient with <i>IFITM5</i>-related OI and underscores the importance of recognizing the overlapping and divergent features of these conditions when rendering a diagnosis and initiating treatment protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":45638,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pathology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3377588"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13239498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Carcinosarcoma Featuring Well-Differentiated Adenocarcinoma and Fetal Rhabdomyoma-Like Mesenchymal Components: An Unusual Case Report-With Molecular Analysis.","authors":"Yuri Narusawa, Shiho Asaka, Tsutomu Muramoto, Saori Konno, Marina Kobayashi, Yukiko Kusama, Takeshi Uehara","doi":"10.1155/crip/6781988","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crip/6781988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ovarian carcinosarcoma typically comprises high-grade carcinoma and sarcoma components. We report a case of a woman in her 40s with endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinosarcoma exhibiting an unusual presentation of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient underwent bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and hysterectomy for tumors in both ovaries. Histologically, with a background of endometriosis, the epithelial component exhibited features of a borderline tumor with an intraepithelial carcinoma composed of Müllerian-type epithelium in both ovaries. In the left ovary, a very minor area of clear cell carcinoma (less than 5%) was identified. In contrast, the mesenchymal component was a well-differentiated rhabdomyosarcoma resembling fetal rhabdomyoma, constituting more than 60% of the left ovarian tumor. One year later, pulmonary metastases of the sarcomatous component were detected. Molecular analysis using next-generation sequencing identified <i>PIK3CA</i> H1047R (c.3140A > G) and <i>CSF1R</i> (c.∗1841TG > GA) in both the epithelial and mesenchymal components, indicating a clonal origin and supporting a diagnosis of primary ovarian carcinosarcoma. The patient died 29 months after surgery despite receiving platinum-based chemotherapy. This report highlights the challenges of diagnosing rare ovarian carcinosarcomas arising in endometriosis and with unusually low-grade histology, and it emphasizes the need for comprehensive pathological assessment, including molecular analysis, for accurate diagnosis and optimal management.</p>","PeriodicalId":45638,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pathology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6781988"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13213331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148057486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the Diagnosis of Concurrent T-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma and Thymic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: A Case Report.","authors":"Kristen Oliveira, Mary Doan, Ying Pei, Marwan Yared, Songlin Zhang","doi":"10.1155/crip/6767219","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crip/6767219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The co-occurrence of T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma and thymic neoplasia is a rare event that can present a diagnostic challenge. In this case report, we describe a 31-year-old man who was found to have thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma and T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma 2 years after initial treatment for T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. The thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma was initially detected in a malignant pleural effusion, and a retrospective review of a preceding lung biopsy suggested the involvement of both tumors within one tissue sample. Immunohistochemical analysis was imperative in highlighting these two elements because despite their unique cytomorphological characteristics, a limited amount of each component was seen in the tissue biopsy. Ancillary testing is critical to the recognition of these entities in small biopsies.</p>","PeriodicalId":45638,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pathology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6767219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13199989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148036055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary Adenoleiomyomatous Hamartoma: Case Report of a Rare Entity With Comprehensive Literature Review.","authors":"Hebatullah Elsafy, Alykhan S Nagji, Ameer Hamza","doi":"10.1155/crip/6894556","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crip/6894556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary adenoleiomyomatous hamartomas represent a rare and intriguing entity in pulmonary pathology. This study presents a unique case of adenoleiomyomatous hamartoma along with a comprehensive analysis of 14 cases identified through a systematic review of the literature. A 69-year-old Caucasian female presented for evaluation of an incidentally discovered, PET nonavid and slow-growing pleural-based nodule in the medial aspect of the lower lobe of her right lung. The biopsy showed pulmonary parenchyma with chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and smooth muscle hyperplasia. Subsequently, a diagnosis of pulmonary adenoleiomyomatous hamartoma was made on wedge resection after the exclusion of differential diagnoses. The literature review suggests a mean age of 54.5 ± 3.5 years at diagnosis and male predominance with a male-to-female ratio of 6:1. Follow-up data on our patient and literature suggest a uniformly benign course. The key takeaways include the indolent radiologic growth pattern. From a pathologic standpoint, excluding mimics such as solitary fibrous tumor, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, PEComa, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, mesothelial proliferations, and IgG4-related diseases is crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":45638,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pathology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6894556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148017966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Incidental Finding: Heterotopic Salivary Gland Tissue Adjacent to Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans of the Abdominal Wall.","authors":"Leticia Boeta Ángeles, Diana Karen Brito Bustillos, Jorge Alberto Cortez Vila, Tania Raisha Torres Victoria, María Elisa Vega Memije, Rosa María Lacy Niebla","doi":"10.1155/crip/6514245","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crip/6514245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> This case presents incidental heterotopic salivary gland tissue adjacent to a dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) located in the abdominal wall. The mature, functional heterotopic tissue was identified during Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) performed for a DFSP, a slow-growing cutaneous tumor with locally aggressive and potentially malignant behavior. Definitive diagnosis of the heterotopic tissue was confirmed by histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis. This case underscores the importance of being alert to unusual tissue findings at the time of MMS and the value of close collaboration between dermatologists and pathologists.</p>","PeriodicalId":45638,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pathology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6514245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13191785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148017902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urachal Mucinous Cystic Tumour of Low Malignant Potential With Incidental Clinical Presentation: A Case Report With Clinicopathologic Features and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Alex Miller, Maneesha Saxena","doi":"10.1155/crip/5573633","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crip/5573633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urachal mucinous cystic tumour of low malignant potential (MCTLMP) is a rare cystic epithelial neoplasm of urachal origin, with fewer than 50 cases described as such in the English-language scientific literature. This case report describes an instance of urachal MCTLMP discovered incidentally in a 59-year-old female patient following the performance of imaging studies for an unrelated condition: Management consisted of surgical resection of the tumour and partial cystectomy, with no complications and no recurrence after 10 months of follow-up. Sections of the partial cystectomy specimen demonstrated histological features that were reminiscent of a low-grade appendiceal neoplasm or a borderline ovarian mucinous neoplasm, which were favoured to represent urachal MCTLMP. This case report highlights the clinical importance of both the complete surgical resection of tumour and the exclusion of secondary involvement of the bladder or urachus by a glandular tumour for the diagnosis of urachal MCTLMP and represents the emerging 'typical' clinical trajectory of a patient with urachal MCTLMP. Ongoing longitudinal study is required to better understand the longer term behaviour and clinical course of urachal MCTLMP.</p>","PeriodicalId":45638,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pathology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5573633"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13173753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147965072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}