International Orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Management of facial asymmetry assisted with digitally designed surgical guide for 3-dimensional maxillary repositioning: A case report","authors":"Sanjeev Verma ,&nbsp;Vinay Kumar ,&nbsp;Raj Kumar Verma ,&nbsp;Naveen K Subbaiah ,&nbsp;Chaman Lal ,&nbsp;Shagun Sharma ,&nbsp;Satinder Pal Singh ,&nbsp;Vidya Rattan","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100953","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100953","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Orthodontists play a pivotal role in diagnosing, planning, and preparing patients for orthognathic surgeries. Digital technologies like cephalometry, intraoral scans, CBCT scans, CAD-CAM-assisted 3-D planning, and printed surgical splints, have largely replaced conventional techniques. The automated software produces surgical splints with a design similar to conventional which may not address complex scenarios, involving symmetric and asymmetric maxillary impaction. To address this, a surgical splint designed using 3D dolphin software was modified with 3-matic software for precise guidance. This article gives insight into the digitally designed surgical splint for the correction of facial asymmetry on skeletal Class III bases and occlusal canting in an 18-year-old woman. The precise relocation of the maxilla was achieved as planned pre-surgically leading to significant improvement in the facial aesthetics. In conclusion, modified splint design fabrication offers more predictable outcomes, reduces laborious laboratory procedures, and acts as a reliable guide for precise surgical results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 1","pages":"Article 100953"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can fluoxetine influence orthodontic tooth movement? A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on animal models","authors":"Fawad Javed ,&nbsp;Zain Uddin Ahmed ,&nbsp;P. Emile Rossouw ,&nbsp;Georgios E. Romanos","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as fluoxetine adversely affect bone mineral density (BMD) and turnover, thereby increasing the risk of fractures. The objective of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate studies on animal models that assessed whether fluoxetine can influence orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Indexed databases (PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus and ISI Web of Knowledge) and Google Scholar were searched without time and language barriers up to and including June 2024. Original studies that assessed the influence of fluoxetine on OTM were included. Letters to the Editor, reviews, commentaries, perspectives and, in-vitro/ex-vivo studies were excluded. Study selection, and risk of bias (RoB) and quality assessments were assessed. Quantitative assessment (meta-analysis) was also performed using fixed-effects and random effects models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four studies performed on male rats were included. Rats in the experimental group underwent OTM with adjunct fluoxetine injections at concentrations ranging between 10–20<!--> <!-->mg/kg. Orthodontic forces applied ranged between 25–60<!--> <!-->grams. Three studies reported that fluoxetine does not influence OTM. All studies had a high RoB. Three studies demonstrated low certainty (weak) and two showed very low certainty of evidence. In the meta-analysis, the pooled SMD using a random effects model was 0.05 (95% CI: –0.42 to 0.52), indicating no significant overall effect of fluoxetine on OTM. The analysis revealed substantial heterogeneity across the included studies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Further well-designed and power-adjusted prospective studies are needed to elucidate the role of SSRIs on OTM.</div></div><div><h3>Systematic review registration</h3><div>PROSPERO CRD42024563793.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 2","pages":"Article 100960"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of archwire size and lever arm length on anterior and posterior teeth movement during en-masse retraction in personalized lingual orthodontics: A 3-dimensional finite element study","authors":"Lin Lu ,&nbsp;Yafen Zhu ,&nbsp;Naiqun Yu ,&nbsp;Li Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the biomechanical effect of anterior and posterior teeth in en-masse retraction in lingual orthodontics using varied archwire sizes and lever arm lengths.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A finite element model of lingual orthodontics for retracting maxillary anterior teeth was established. The archwire was designed into: Archwire 1: 0.016<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.022-inch stainless steel (SS) with 15° extra torque on central incisors, Archwire 2: 0.016<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.024-inch SS with 13° extra torque on anterior teeth, Archwire 3: 0.017<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.025-inch SS with laterally 0.016<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.024-inch, and Archwire 4: 0.018<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.025-inch SS with laterally 0.016<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.0225-inch. Moreover, the lever arm was set to 0<!--> <!-->mm, 2<!--> <!-->mm, 4<!--> <!-->mm, 6<!--> <!-->mm, 8<!--> <!-->mm, and 10<!--> <!-->mm. Initial displacements were calculated after applying 1.5<!--> <!-->N force from mini-implant to lever arms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In Archwire 1, increasing intrusion and labial tipping on central incisors and decreasing lingual tipping on lateral incisors and canines, as well as decreasing palatal tipping and distal inclination on posterior teeth were observed with lever arm length increase. In Archwire 2, with the lever arm length increase, incisors exhibited increasing labial tipping, while palatal inclination and intrusion of posterior teeth decreased. In Archwire 3 and 4, torque control ability of anterior teeth increased with longer lever arms, as well as decreasing extrusion was observed on central incisors. Posterior teeth moved buccally and distally.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Thick archwire without extra torque combined with longer lever arm are more conducive to en-masse retraction of central incisor. Moreover, extra torque on thinner archwire can also effectively control torque. Besides, additional torque and lever arm lengths affect the movement of posterior teeth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 2","pages":"Article 100962"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the presence of the premaxillary-maxillary suture in growing patients: A retrospective CBCT study","authors":"María Jesús Larrañaga ,&nbsp;Taly Lopez ,&nbsp;Agustina Maass ,&nbsp;María Paz Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Ingrid Arndt ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Villanueva ,&nbsp;Pamela Villalón","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The premaxillary-maxillary suture (PMS) is related to midface development, but its exact closure period remains undefined. Some authors consider the premaxilla as an independent bone with potential for orthopaedic stimulation, while others see it as a phylogenetic vestige.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the prevalence of the premaxillary-maxillary suture (PMS) in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of patients aged 6 to 16<!--> <!-->years, according to age and sex, treated at the Dental Clinic of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile's Oral Imaging Service between 2015 and 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>CBCT images from 511 subjects were analysed. The presence or absence of the PMS was evaluated in the oblique axial slice. Descriptive statistics of the sample were performed, followed by logistic regression models to assess the relationship between the presence of the PMS and age and sex variables, with a significance level of 5%.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the total sample (511 subjects), only 190 cases presented a visible PMS in CBCT images (37.18%), with 104 females and 86 males. When analysing the relationship with sex, no statistically significant association was found (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.090, OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.72). However, a statistically significant association with age was observed (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001, OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.75).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The prevalence of the PMS in this study was 37.18%, significantly associated with age. The probability of observing the PMS in CBCT images decreases by 25% for each additional year of age. This suggests that PMS is more likely to be observed at younger ages and may be a factor to consider for anterior maxillary advancement in patients with maxillary retrusion. Further studies are needed to evaluate the degree of suture fusion to determine if it can be effectively stimulated by orthopaedic appliances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 2","pages":"Article 100958"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontal, occlusal, and aesthetic outcomes of missing maxillary lateral incisor replacement: A systematic review and network meta-analysis","authors":"Marco Migliorati ,&nbsp;Arianna Zuffanti ,&nbsp;Margherita Capuano ,&nbsp;Luigi Canullo ,&nbsp;Vito Carlo Alberto Caponio ,&nbsp;Maria Menini","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The aim of this systematic review was to determine the best treatment alternatives for patients with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (MLIA) by comparing orthodontic space closure, implant and tooth supported dental prostheses by assessing studies that evaluated their periodontal, occlusal (function) and aesthetic results.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The present systematic review was reported according to the indications of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) incorporating network meta-analysis, and the protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023487245). The PRISMA systematic search, without restriction on language or initial date, was carried out using electronic databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus and central register of controlled trials. To assess the aesthetic effects of the different treatment methods, an arm-based network meta-analysis was carried out.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The systematic search initially produced 1177 studies. At the end 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies used various methods of treatment for maxillary lateral incisor agenesis including orthodontic space closure, implant-supported and tooth-supported dental prostheses. Data were extracted from the articles selected, and a network meta-analysis was carried out.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Within the limits of this network meta-analysis, no significant difference was found regarding the aesthetic results between orthodontic space closure or dental implant. Tooth-supported dental prostheses for MLIA reported worse scores in the periodontal indexes than orthodontic space closure treatment but the impact of orthodontic and prosthetic treatment on periodontal health remained contentious. Furthermore, no signs of TMJ dysfunction were observed in patients treated with either orthodontic space closure or prosthetic replacement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 1","pages":"Article 100957"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative in vitro study of different composite materials in terms of aligner attachment accuracy and surface roughness using different curing irradiances","authors":"Servet Erbas,&nbsp;Ezgi Atik","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To evaluate 4 different composite resins in terms of aligner attachment accuracy and surface roughness.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>160 premolars were divided into 4 groups (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->40): Group 1: GC Aligner Connect™; 2: GC Ortho Connect™; 3: 3M ESPE Filtek™ Z350 XT flowable; 4: 3M ESPE Filtek™ Z350 XT Universal. Each group was divided into 2 equal subgroups regarding curing irradiances (Power of 1000 mW/cm² in subgroup A for 10<!--> <!-->s, and 3200 mW/cm²in B for 3<!--> <!-->s, VALO™ Cordless-LED Curing Light). The primary objective was to compare the realized attachments with those of the virtual with 3D Geomagic software. A contact surface profiler was used for roughness measurement (Ra) as the secondary aim. The data were analysed using the IBM SPSS 25.0. The significance level was set at <em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In subgroup A, the mean “excess” accuracy measurement of the 3M ESPE Filtek ™Z350 XT flowable resin was found to be higher than others. In subgroup B, the “excess” accuracy measurements of the 3M ESPE Filtek™Z350 XT flowable (0.24<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.07<!--> <!-->mm) and Universal (0.26<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.05<!--> <!-->mm) resins were significantly higher than those of the GC Aligner Connect™ resin (0.17<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.06<!--> <!-->mm), (<em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05). According to the Ra measurements in subgroup A, the measurement of the GC Aligner Connect™ (1.75<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.09<!--> <!-->μm), GC Ortho Connect™ (0.99<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.04<!--> <!-->μm) and 3M ESPE Filtek™ Z350 XT flowable (1.33<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.16<!--> <!-->μm) resins were found to be higher than of the Universal resin (0.07<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.11<!--> <!-->μm), (<em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05). In subgroup B, the Ra measurement of the GC Aligner Connect™ (1.74<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.81<!--> <!-->μm) was found to be higher than that of the 3M ESPE Filtek™ Z350 XT flowable (0.11<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.18<!--> <!-->μm) resin (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.010). Ra measurement observed for the 10-second curing factor for the 3M ESPE Filtek™ Z350 XT Flowable resin group was found to be significantly higher than for the 3-second curing factor (<em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In terms of “excess” value of accuracy, 3M ESPE Filtek™ Z350 XT flowable composite resin showed a higher value. The lowest surface roughness was observed for Universal restorative resin considering low power irradiation, while was observed for 3M ESPE Filtek™ Z350 XT flowable resin considering high power irradiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 2","pages":"Article 100961"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-extraction camouflage on a fully cooperative full-step class II division 2 adult patient treated with en-masse distalization, class II elastics and preadjusted lingual appliance: A case report","authors":"Enrico Albertini,&nbsp;Anna Colonna,&nbsp;Paolo Albertini,&nbsp;Luca Lombardo","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article describes one adult bilateral full-step class II case with severe initial upper incisors retroclination successfully treated by a completely invisible lingual appliance. A non-extraction treatment to compensate for the severe sagittal discrepancy was made possible following the excellent patient cooperation with intermaxillary elastics, combined with upper arch en-masse effective distalization with miniscrews. The application of an auxiliary torque spring was essential to increase upper incisors torque during class II mechanics. This case report shows the possibility of obtaining a full-step class II correction in an hypodivergent adult patient with a completely invisible appliance, taking advantage for the patient cooperation, for a more straightforward and faster non-extraction case resolution. It also underlines on the other hand the importance of successfully controlling incisors torque with auxiliaries in cases of severe retroclination in an adult class II malocclusion, in combination with the simultaneous distalization mechanics for monolateral full-step class II correction, by means of a completely invisible appliance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 1","pages":"Article 100954"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial efficacy of nanoparticles on orthodontic materials—A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Dhruv Ahuja,&nbsp;Ashish Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Puneet Batra","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of coated nanoparticles within orthodontic appliances as a novel strategy to enhance their antibacterial properties.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>A systematic search for relevant articles published between 2013 and March 2024 was conducted across electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCOhost. Studies meeting pre-defined eligibility criteria were included and assessed for methodological quality. Data on the antibacterial activity of coated nanoparticles on orthodontic appliances was extracted from included studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A range of antimicrobial agents, including metallic nanoparticles (silver, titanium dioxide, silver-platinum alloy, zinc oxide, copper oxide), and others like chitosan, quaternary ammonium-modified gold nanoclusters, titanium nitride doped with calcium phosphate, and graphene oxide, have been explored for incorporation into orthodontic materials. Studies have shown a significant boost in the antibacterial capacity of these materials compared to controls, suggesting promise for improved oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It can be concluded that incorporating nanoparticles into orthodontic appliances holds promise for enhancing their antibacterial properties. However, the studies displayed significant heterogeneity therefore, further research with standardized protocols for factors like nanoparticle size, concentration, and incorporation techniques across various orthodontic materials is crucial to guide future clinical applications.</div></div><div><h3>Prospero registration</h3><div>CRD42024521326.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 1","pages":"Article 100955"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of electric pulp test and thermal pulp test for assessing pulpal response in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment – A systematic review","authors":"Divya Nangia ,&nbsp;Isha Duggal ,&nbsp;Ajay Logani ,&nbsp;Sidhartha Sharma ,&nbsp;Ritu Duggal","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the reliability of pulp sensibility tests in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Background</h3><div>The orthodontic force may cause transient changes in pulp vasculature leading to alteration in its response threshold. This may vary with the type, duration and magnitude of forces used. Thus, it is imperative to monitor the pulp sensibility and vitality of teeth during the course of orthodontic treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, Clinical Trials Registry-India and OpenGrey. Randomized clinical trials and/or observational studies evaluating the pulp sensibility response of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment were included. Study characteristics, sample characteristics, methodology details, outcome assessment, and main results were recorded in excel sheet. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) was used to assess risk of bias (ROB). Certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirteen observational studies were included. Total number of participants who underwent orthodontic treatment was 2956 (average age 17.53<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->3.81 years). The type and duration of orthodontic force was variable in the different studies. The pulp sensibility response was assessed using either Electric pulp test (EPT), or Thermal pulp test (TPT), or both. Pulp response threshold increased after application of orthodontic force, with number of negative responses peaking at about 2-3 months. Most of the studies presented with a high ROB. The certainty of evidence was considered low.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Based on limited comparative data, TPT was considered more reliable than EPT and that the pulp response threshold increased after application of orthodontic force, peaking at about two or three months. PROSPERO database (CRD42022307390).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 1","pages":"Article 100952"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional analysis of sella turcica morphology and dimensions in non-syndromic cleft lip and palate patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Madhanraj Selvaraj ,&nbsp;Karthik Sennimalai ,&nbsp;Hamza Parvez Siddiqui ,&nbsp;Riya Marie Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The dimensions and morphology of sella turcica (ST) are often altered in individuals with craniofacial anomalies, including those with cleft lip and palate (CLP). Therefore, the review aimed to identify the current evidence on the 3D morphological characteristics of the ST in patients with CLP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature search was conducted using different databases without language or publication date restrictions. Studies were included comparing non-syndromic CLP patients to non-cleft controls using 3D imaging techniques for ST assessment. Critical appraisal of included studies was evaluated using the JBI case-control checklist and Anatomical Quality Assurance (AQUA) checklist. A random-effects meta-analysis was used for quantitative synthesis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 1187 identified articles, six studies met the inclusion criteria. Four studies were rated moderate quality, while two were considered low quality. Most studies reported larger overall ST dimensions in non-cleft controls, with significant differences in ST depth and diameter. The meta-analysis revealed reduced ST depth (MD<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.95; 95% CI: −1.73, −0.17; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.02) and diameter (MD<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−1.00; 95% CI: −1.88, −0.11; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.03) in CLP patients, while no significant difference was observed in ST length. CLP patients exhibited more irregular ST morphologies, such as flattening and irregular posterior walls.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The review highlights an association between CLP and alterations in ST morphology and dimensions. However, variability in methodologies and the lack of standardized protocols across studies limit the generalizability of these findings. Future research should focus on standardized protocols and larger, more diverse samples to enhance the understanding of ST variations in CLP.</div></div><div><h3>Registration</h3><div>Registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO-CRD42024505594).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 1","pages":"Article 100939"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}