International Orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"CBCT-based assessment of apical root resorption and alveolar bone height following orthodontic treatment of Class I moderate crowding with labial vs. lingual fixed appliances in young adults: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Jehad M. Kara-Boulad , Ahmad S. Burhan , Mohammad Y. Hajeer , Fehmieh R. Nawaya , Samer T. Jaber","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Apical root resorption and alveolar bone loss are potential complications associated with orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to assess apical root resorption and alveolar bone height following orthodontic treatment of moderate crowding with labial vs. lingual fixed appliances using CBCT imaging.</div></div><div><h3>Subjects and methods</h3><div>All patients meeting the eligibility criteria were included from March 2022 to June 2022 at the University of Damascus Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics. The study involved patients diagnosed with Class I malocclusion and moderate crowding in both arches that could be treated on a non-extraction basis. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. One group was treated using lingual appliances (DTC® IN-Tendo JK-SL, DTC Medical Apparatus Co., Hangzhou, China) with a 0.018-inch slot. The sequence of archwires used included 0.012″, 0.014 0.016″ nickel-titanium, 0.016″<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.022″ TMA, 0.016″<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.022″ stainless steel, and 0.017″<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.025″ stainless steel. The other group received treatment with labial straight-wire appliances (AO Mini Master® – MBT System, metal brackets, Sheboygan, WI, USA) also featuring a 0.018-inch slot. The sequence of archwires used was 0.012″, 0.014″, 0.016″ nickel-titanium, 0.016″<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.022″ nickel-titanium, 0.016 and 0.017″<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.025″ stainless steel. The CBCT images were taken before the commencement of treatment (T0) and one day following the end of treatment (T1). The apical root resorption and alveolar bone height of the upper and lower teeth were assessed at these assessment times. Paired-sample <em>t</em>-test used to analyse the intergroup differences, while a two-sample <em>t</em>-test was employed to assess intragroup changes. The significance level was set at <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.004 after adjustment using Bonferroni's correction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of forty patients, nineteen patients in each group were included in the statistical analysis (16 men and 24 women; mean age: 21.3<!--> <!-->years). In both groups, there was a significant decrease in the lengths of all studied teeth at T1 (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.004). The apical resorption was significantly greater in the lingual appliance group for lower central and lateral incisors compared to the labial appliance group (0.64<!--> <!-->mm, 0.7, respectively). The mean lingual bone loss in the lingual appliances was statistically greater than that in the labial appliances for lower central incisors (0.53<!--> <!-->mm), while the mean buccal bone loss in the labial appliance group was statistically greater than that in the lingual appliance group for the lower lateral incisors (0.52<!--> <!-->mm).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The use of DTC® lingual or AO Mini Master® labial brackets with archwire sequences is associated with clin","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 2","pages":"Article 100968"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the mesiodistal angulation of maxillary canines based on their impaction sector in panoramic radiographs: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Victoria Diaz Celis ,&nbsp;María Cecilia Fernández Canedo ,&nbsp;Luis Ernesto Arriola-Guillén","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The complexity of treating impacted maxillary canines varies based on their angulation and position within the dental arch. The aim of this research was to compare the mesiodistal angulation of maxillary canines according to their impaction sector.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study evaluated 229 impacted maxillary canines in 171 panoramic radiographs from two private radiology centres in Uruguay and Chile of individuals of both sexes aged 11 years and older with impacted maxillary canines. The radiographs were taken with two panoramic radiography equipment. All the images were evaluated using Planmeca Romexis® software. Two investigators were trained and calibrated to perform all the measurements at two measurement times. The Ericson and Kurol method was used to classify the impaction sector into five sectors and the Wardorf method was used to measure the mesiodistal impaction angle and, finally, the level of impaction was measured with respect to the root of the lateral incisor. Student <em>t</em>-test, Anova and multiple linear regression were used. <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The impaction angle of sectors 1 and 2 was (70.03°<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->9.65°) and of sectors 3, 4 and 5 it was 52.21°<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->16.60° (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001) while at the cervical level of the lateral incisor root it was 74.15°, 68.04° at mid-level and 57.39° at the apical level (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001). The impaction angle decreases 13.02° in sectors 3, 4 and 5 (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001), for each year the impaction angle decreases 0.30° (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.001), and as the level of impaction becomes more apical the impaction angle decreases 7.46°.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Impacted maxillary canines are more horizontal the closer they are to the midline or the higher the level of impaction. Likewise, this horizontality tends to increase over time. All these considerations should be taken into account by orthodontists when planning their treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 2","pages":"Article 100967"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-surgical correction of an adult Class II high-angle with occlusal plane cant by four compromised permanent first molars extraction, preadjusted lingual appliance and miniscrews: A case report","authors":"Enrico Albertini ,&nbsp;Anna Colonna ,&nbsp;Paolo Albertini ,&nbsp;Luca Lombardo ,&nbsp;Ryuzo Fukawa","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This case report describes a complex full-step asymmetrical Class II division 1 high-angle in an adult patient treated by extraction of compromised first molars with a preadjusted lingual appliance. Since the patient presented severe sagittal and vertical discrepancies combined with an Izard orthofrontal profile with upper lip protrusion, an extraction camouflage was performed with the twofold aim of obtaining ideal occlusal relationship and profile improvement, correcting occlusal plane cant by selective intrusion with interradicular miniscrews. Appropriate biomechanical strategies, including extraction choice and anchorage control during space closure, were needed to achieve the planned results. This case report demonstrates the possibility of solving successfully severe sagittal and vertical discrepancies with significant asymmetric component in adult patient without surgical treatment by means of a completely invisible technique, with the extraction of the most compromised teeth in both arches. This report also underlines the need for careful planning during both diagnostic and treatment phases, with appropriate skeletal anchorage management, in order to obtain the best results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 2","pages":"Article 100965"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthodontic treatment of deep bite in mixed dentition and/or early permanent dentition: What about stability? – A systematic review","authors":"Boutaina El Guennouni,&nbsp;Afaf Houb-Dine,&nbsp;Hajar Ben Mohimd,&nbsp;Fatima Zaoui","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Deepbite is a vertical malocclusion found alone or in association with other types of sagittal and transverse disorders. With a high relapse tendency, deepbite is considered one of the most challenging malocclusions to treat. It is commonly found in mixed dentition with increased prevalence of 21.3% compared to 14.1% in temporary dentition, thus resulting on unfavourable consequences, preventing the mandible from its full growth potential. Therefore, this systematic review aims to investigate the efficiency of conducting an early correction of deepbite malocclusion in mixed and early permanent dentition on the long-term postretention outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>An electronic search extending from 2000 to July 2024, was performed on the following databases Medline via PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct and Embase. The search was established on a well-defined research question following PICO principle: population, intervention, comparator and outcome. Search evaluation and the assessment of risk of bias were undertaken in each study following its type and design.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Six studies were included for qualitative analysis, with overall moderate RoB. Two studies treated deepbite in a single phase orthopaedic treatment with eruption guidance appliance in early mixed dentition; two studies orthodontically corrected deepbite at early permanent dentition using fixed multibracket appliance and two studies used a combination of orthopaedic treatment followed by orthodontic treatment targeting both subjects in early mixed and early permanent dentition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients treated in late mixed to early permanent dentition presented better efficacy and greater stability of outcomes than patients treated in the early mixed phase of dentition. More studies must be conducted to support and confirm the results of the included studies.</div></div><div><h3>Prospero under the registration ID</h3><div>CRD42023408820.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 2","pages":"Article 100956"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of self-perception in relation to the normative need for orthodontic treatment in a population of dental students in Brazil: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Luciana Rougemont Squeff ,&nbsp;Flavio Copello ,&nbsp;Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez ,&nbsp;Ronir Raggio Luiz ,&nbsp;Lincoln Nojima ,&nbsp;Matilde da Cunha Gonçalves Nojima","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to identify predictive factors of having a positive or negatively divergent self-perception from the normative orthodontic treatment need (N-OTN).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All eligible undergraduate students from the School of Dentistry of the XXX were recruited through convenience sampling. They were clinically evaluated to determine their N-OTN using the IOTN and were asked about their self-perceived orthodontic treatment need (S-OTN) using the same scale for both evaluations. The subjects were classified according to the orientation of their perception as: coincident (S-OTN<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->N-OTN), positive (S-OTN<!--> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->N-OTN), or negative (S-OTN<!--> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->N-OTN). Multinomial logistic regression models were implemented to evaluate the contribution of the N-OTN, Angle's malocclusion, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), self-esteem, sex, undergraduate year and age.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Two hundred first- and third-year undergraduate dentistry students were evaluated. It was evidenced that a higher N-OTN increases the probability that S-OTN is positively oriented and decreases the probability that it is negative. A worse OHRQoL score increases the chance that the S-OTN orientation is negative and decreases the chance that it is positive. Moreover, the probability of divergent self-perception in either direction is expected to be lower for women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Students with a more severe malocclusion tend to have a more positive view of their normative condition. A greater impact on OHRQoL favours having a more negative self-perception of the N-OTN. Women have a less divergent self-perception of the N-OTN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 2","pages":"Article 100963"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The quality of orthognathic surgery information on social media: A scoping review","authors":"Mimi Ngo ,&nbsp;Emilija Jensen ,&nbsp;Maurice Meade","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Orthognathic surgery combined with orthodontic treatment is commonly undertaken to address facial and dental disharmony. Content uploaded onto social media platforms can be an important source of healthcare information. This scoping review aimed to collate and synthesize data from studies that investigated the quality of information communicated through these platforms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Five databases and grey literature were searched, with no restrictions on location and year published. The PCC (Population, Concept, Context) framework was adopted to select eligible studies. Inclusion criteria included literature that assessed the quality of information on orthognathic surgery in relation to orthodontic treatment in the context of social media.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 12 cross-sectional studies satisfied the selection criteria. The most investigated social media platform was YouTube. The quality of information on all platforms examined was found to be poor to moderate. The most popular content featured patients sharing their treatment experiences, but these often lacked clinically relevant information, focusing mainly on satisfaction with treatment, outcomes and their supervising healthcare professionals. In contrast, healthcare professionals provided content that contained better quality information but had lower views and engagement. The least frequently mentioned topics were found to be complications and their duration, costs, and postoperative expectations. Certain search terms such as “#jawsurgery”, “#surgeryfirst” and “#genioplasty” appeared to resonate more with the public. There was heterogeneity across the methodologies and quality of information instruments used.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Information communicated through social media platforms regarding orthognathic surgery was of poor to moderate quality. Orthodontic professionals should be aware of the limitations of health information on these online platforms and guide individuals to more accurate sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 1","pages":"Article 100959"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of facial asymmetry assisted with digitally designed surgical guide for 3-dimensional maxillary repositioning: A case report","authors":"Sanjeev Verma ,&nbsp;Vinay Kumar ,&nbsp;Raj Kumar Verma ,&nbsp;Naveen K Subbaiah ,&nbsp;Chaman Lal ,&nbsp;Shagun Sharma ,&nbsp;Satinder Pal Singh ,&nbsp;Vidya Rattan","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100953","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100953","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Orthodontists play a pivotal role in diagnosing, planning, and preparing patients for orthognathic surgeries. Digital technologies like cephalometry, intraoral scans, CBCT scans, CAD-CAM-assisted 3-D planning, and printed surgical splints, have largely replaced conventional techniques. The automated software produces surgical splints with a design similar to conventional which may not address complex scenarios, involving symmetric and asymmetric maxillary impaction. To address this, a surgical splint designed using 3D dolphin software was modified with 3-matic software for precise guidance. This article gives insight into the digitally designed surgical splint for the correction of facial asymmetry on skeletal Class III bases and occlusal canting in an 18-year-old woman. The precise relocation of the maxilla was achieved as planned pre-surgically leading to significant improvement in the facial aesthetics. In conclusion, modified splint design fabrication offers more predictable outcomes, reduces laborious laboratory procedures, and acts as a reliable guide for precise surgical results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 1","pages":"Article 100953"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can fluoxetine influence orthodontic tooth movement? A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on animal models","authors":"Fawad Javed ,&nbsp;Zain Uddin Ahmed ,&nbsp;P. Emile Rossouw ,&nbsp;Georgios E. Romanos","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as fluoxetine adversely affect bone mineral density (BMD) and turnover, thereby increasing the risk of fractures. The objective of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate studies on animal models that assessed whether fluoxetine can influence orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Indexed databases (PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus and ISI Web of Knowledge) and Google Scholar were searched without time and language barriers up to and including June 2024. Original studies that assessed the influence of fluoxetine on OTM were included. Letters to the Editor, reviews, commentaries, perspectives and, in-vitro/ex-vivo studies were excluded. Study selection, and risk of bias (RoB) and quality assessments were assessed. Quantitative assessment (meta-analysis) was also performed using fixed-effects and random effects models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four studies performed on male rats were included. Rats in the experimental group underwent OTM with adjunct fluoxetine injections at concentrations ranging between 10–20<!--> <!-->mg/kg. Orthodontic forces applied ranged between 25–60<!--> <!-->grams. Three studies reported that fluoxetine does not influence OTM. All studies had a high RoB. Three studies demonstrated low certainty (weak) and two showed very low certainty of evidence. In the meta-analysis, the pooled SMD using a random effects model was 0.05 (95% CI: –0.42 to 0.52), indicating no significant overall effect of fluoxetine on OTM. The analysis revealed substantial heterogeneity across the included studies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Further well-designed and power-adjusted prospective studies are needed to elucidate the role of SSRIs on OTM.</div></div><div><h3>Systematic review registration</h3><div>PROSPERO CRD42024563793.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 2","pages":"Article 100960"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of archwire size and lever arm length on anterior and posterior teeth movement during en-masse retraction in personalized lingual orthodontics: A 3-dimensional finite element study","authors":"Lin Lu ,&nbsp;Yafen Zhu ,&nbsp;Naiqun Yu ,&nbsp;Li Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the biomechanical effect of anterior and posterior teeth in en-masse retraction in lingual orthodontics using varied archwire sizes and lever arm lengths.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A finite element model of lingual orthodontics for retracting maxillary anterior teeth was established. The archwire was designed into: Archwire 1: 0.016<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.022-inch stainless steel (SS) with 15° extra torque on central incisors, Archwire 2: 0.016<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.024-inch SS with 13° extra torque on anterior teeth, Archwire 3: 0.017<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.025-inch SS with laterally 0.016<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.024-inch, and Archwire 4: 0.018<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.025-inch SS with laterally 0.016<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.0225-inch. Moreover, the lever arm was set to 0<!--> <!-->mm, 2<!--> <!-->mm, 4<!--> <!-->mm, 6<!--> <!-->mm, 8<!--> <!-->mm, and 10<!--> <!-->mm. Initial displacements were calculated after applying 1.5<!--> <!-->N force from mini-implant to lever arms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In Archwire 1, increasing intrusion and labial tipping on central incisors and decreasing lingual tipping on lateral incisors and canines, as well as decreasing palatal tipping and distal inclination on posterior teeth were observed with lever arm length increase. In Archwire 2, with the lever arm length increase, incisors exhibited increasing labial tipping, while palatal inclination and intrusion of posterior teeth decreased. In Archwire 3 and 4, torque control ability of anterior teeth increased with longer lever arms, as well as decreasing extrusion was observed on central incisors. Posterior teeth moved buccally and distally.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Thick archwire without extra torque combined with longer lever arm are more conducive to en-masse retraction of central incisor. Moreover, extra torque on thinner archwire can also effectively control torque. Besides, additional torque and lever arm lengths affect the movement of posterior teeth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 2","pages":"Article 100962"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the presence of the premaxillary-maxillary suture in growing patients: A retrospective CBCT study","authors":"María Jesús Larrañaga ,&nbsp;Taly Lopez ,&nbsp;Agustina Maass ,&nbsp;María Paz Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Ingrid Arndt ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Villanueva ,&nbsp;Pamela Villalón","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The premaxillary-maxillary suture (PMS) is related to midface development, but its exact closure period remains undefined. Some authors consider the premaxilla as an independent bone with potential for orthopaedic stimulation, while others see it as a phylogenetic vestige.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the prevalence of the premaxillary-maxillary suture (PMS) in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of patients aged 6 to 16<!--> <!-->years, according to age and sex, treated at the Dental Clinic of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile's Oral Imaging Service between 2015 and 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>CBCT images from 511 subjects were analysed. The presence or absence of the PMS was evaluated in the oblique axial slice. Descriptive statistics of the sample were performed, followed by logistic regression models to assess the relationship between the presence of the PMS and age and sex variables, with a significance level of 5%.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the total sample (511 subjects), only 190 cases presented a visible PMS in CBCT images (37.18%), with 104 females and 86 males. When analysing the relationship with sex, no statistically significant association was found (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.090, OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.72). However, a statistically significant association with age was observed (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001, OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.75).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The prevalence of the PMS in this study was 37.18%, significantly associated with age. The probability of observing the PMS in CBCT images decreases by 25% for each additional year of age. This suggests that PMS is more likely to be observed at younger ages and may be a factor to consider for anterior maxillary advancement in patients with maxillary retrusion. Further studies are needed to evaluate the degree of suture fusion to determine if it can be effectively stimulated by orthopaedic appliances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 2","pages":"Article 100958"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}