Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis最新文献

{"title":"Análisis de la determinación de lipoproteína (a) en una selección de laboratorios clínicos españoles. Estudio Batary","authors":"Teresa Arrobas Velilla ,&nbsp;Salomon Martin Perez ,&nbsp;Carla Fernández Prendes ,&nbsp;Maria Jose Castro Castro ,&nbsp;Silvia Camos Anguila ,&nbsp;Antonio Leon Justel","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Lipoprotein a is considered an independent factor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease with high prevalence, but the availability of real and updated data in Spain as well as determination protocols are limited.</div></div><div><h3>Main objective</h3><div>Analyze the current state of the pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical process of Lp (a) and assess the relationship with other variables.</div></div><div><h3>Material and method</h3><div>Retrospective, observational, multicenter, anonymized study carried out in 2022 by survey of clinical laboratories.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>21,926 determinations were obtained corresponding to 49 Laboratories. The values obtained were: Lp(a)<!--> <!-->&gt;30<!--> <!-->mg/dl<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->46.87%, Lp(a)<!--> <!-->&gt;50<!--> <!-->mg/dl 35.31%, Lp(a)<!--> <!-->&gt;70<!--> <!-->mg/dl<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->26.8% Lp(a)<!--> <!-->&gt;90<!--> <!-->mg/dl<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->19.3% with predominance of superiority in female gender in all established cut-off points.</div><div>Almost 30% of primary care doctors do not have access to their application. 56.9% do not have a rejection criterion. 70.6% do not have protocols for its determination.</div><div>There are two predominant analytical techniques, Immunophelometry (40%) and immunoturbidimetry (60%), 24% use nmon/L, 68% mg/dL and 8% report both.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There is a low number of patients who have Lp(a) measured and of them the percentage of patients according to risk cut-off points are higher than those described. There is a lack of uniformity in pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical processes in which it is necessary to work in a multidisciplinary manner to avoid future cardiovascular events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 6","pages":"Article 500798"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilidad del estudio de la grasa visceral para una estratificación precoz del riesgo aterogénico: de la antropometría convencional a las medidas más precisas","authors":"Francisco Martín Luján ,&nbsp;Rosa Solà Alberich","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500874","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 6","pages":"Article 500874"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145570852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No association between LDL cholesterol levels and cellular membrane integrity assessed with phase angle: Insights from the MALIPID study","authors":"Joanna Popiolek-Kalisz","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although aggressive low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction has demonstrated significant cardiovascular benefits, concerns have emerged regarding potential adverse effects of very low LDL-C on cellular functions, particularly membrane integrity as cholesterol constitutes an essential component of cellular membranes. The phase angle (PhA), derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) reflects cellular membranes integrity and nutritional status. The MALIPID study aimed to assess if LDL-C levels are associated with PhA in high cardiovascular risk patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted in 140 patients matched 1:1 for age, sex, and body mass index, stratified by LDL-C levels (&lt;55 vs. ≥55<!--> <!-->mg/dL). Laboratory parameters, anthropometry, and BIA measurements were collected with PhA at 50<!--> <!-->kHz as the primary outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Median PhA values were comparable between LDL-C groups (4.88 vs. 4.93; <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.67). LDL-C was not significantly associated with PhA multivariable regression models adjusted for age, sex, fat-free mass, and biochemical parameters. PhA significantly inversely correlated with age (<em>R</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.60, <em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.0001) and positively with eGFR (<em>R</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.38, <em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.0001), but not with LDL-C. Subgroup analyses in patients aged &gt;75 years also presented lack of relationship between LDL-C and PhA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>No association was found between LDL-C levels and cellular membrane integrity assessed by PhA. These findings potentially support the physiological safety of intensive LDL-C reduction and highlight the dominant role of age and body composition in determining PhA. Larger, prospective studies are needed to confirm these results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 6","pages":"Article 500846"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eficacia y seguridad de los inhibidores de la PCSK9 en la vida real","authors":"Antón González-Guerrero ,&nbsp;Eugenia Navarrete-Rouco ,&nbsp;David Benaiges ,&nbsp;Eva Giralt-Steinhauer ,&nbsp;Lidia Marcos ,&nbsp;Anna Oliveras ,&nbsp;Lluis Recasens ,&nbsp;Juan Pedro-Botet","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.500755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.500755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To confirm the effectiveness and safety of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in daily clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Retrospective observational study of patients from hospital registry of PCSK9 inhibitor treatment with a follow-up ≥ 6 months. The lipid-lowering effect and safety were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 193 patients included in the study, 168 (87%) had cardiovascular disease, and 54 (28%) had familial hypercholesterolemia; 85 (44%) were intolerant to statins/ezetimibe. No differences between alirocumab and evolocumab groups regarding the rate of LDL-C reduction ≥ 50% (82.8% vs. 83.1%), achievement of the therapeutic target (60.9% vs. 65.5%), or complete remission (60.2% vs. 58.5%) were found. An erythema at the injection site in one patient treated with alirocumab and urticaria in one patient treated with evolocumab were recorded. According to the logistic regression analysis, complete remission of LDL-C in subjects treated with PCSK9 inhibitors was positively associated with increased age (OR: 1.045; 95%CI: 1.0-1.092; <em>P</em>=.049) and active smoking (OR: 4.562; 95%CI: 1.434-14.515; <em>P</em>=.010), and negatively associated with female gender (OR: 0.403; 95%CI: 0.171-0.949; <em>P</em>=.038), baseline LDL-C levels (OR: 0.969; 95%CI: 0.957-0.981; <em>P</em>&lt;.001)and statin/ezetimibe intolerance (OR: 0.403; 95%CI: 0.176-0.925; <em>P</em>=.041).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This real-world practice study has confirmed that PCSK9 inhibitors are effective, safe and well tolerated, with lipid-lowering effects comparable to those described in randomized controlled trials, regardless of the monoclonal antibody used.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 5","pages":"Article 500755"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habit of physical-sports practice and the healthy lifestyle among Spanish adults from 22 to 72 years of age","authors":"Pedro Luis Rodríguez García ,&nbsp;Juan José Pérez Soto ,&nbsp;Eliseo García Cantó ,&nbsp;Pedro Javier Tarraga Marcos ,&nbsp;Pedro Juan Tárraga López","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.500756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.500756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Physical-sports habits in adulthood constitute one of the predictors of physical, psychological and social health within healthy lifestyles.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Acquired Healthy Lifestyle Assessment Scale was applied to a sample of 788 subjects between the ages of 22 and 72 and the dimension that makes up physical-sports practice habits was analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>74.4% of adults have habits of physical-sports practice that are not healthy or unhealthy, 18.8% tend towards health and only 6.9% are healthy. Pearson's 2 tests show a significant association between men and healthy habits, without observing changes associated with the age variable. The <em>t</em><span>-Student and one-factor ANOVA tests confirm the relationship between the level of health and physical-sports practice habits depending on sex and age.</span></div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>It is necessary to promote preventive programs to increase participation in the practice of physical and sports exercise in the adult population that has unhealthy or unhealthy levels of lifestyle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 5","pages":"Article 500756"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importancia del diagnóstico precoz e intervención multidisciplinar en las personas con diabesidad para prevención de complicaciones cardiovasculares","authors":"Carlos Morillas Ariño","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500857","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 5","pages":"Article 500857"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabesidad y mortalidad de causa cardiovascular en una cohorte prospectiva de origen poblacional seguida más de 20 años","authors":"Julio A. Carbayo-Herencia ,&nbsp;Marta Simarro Rueda ,&nbsp;Luis Miguel Artigao Ródenas ,&nbsp;Juan A. Divisón Garrote ,&nbsp;Francisca Molina Escribano ,&nbsp;Isabel Ponce García ,&nbsp;Antonio Palazón Bru ,&nbsp;Pilar Torres Moreno ,&nbsp;David Caldevilla Bernardo ,&nbsp;Rosalina Martínez López ,&nbsp;Vicente Francisco Gil Guillén ,&nbsp;José R. Banegas ,&nbsp;en nombre del Grupo de Enfermedades Vasculares de Albacete (GEVA)","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Control of the main cardiovascular risk factors had succeeded in reducing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, the general increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and obesity has slowed this decline. Both CVRFs are strongly associated, and the term diabesity has been coined to refer to this relationship. The main objective of this study was to assess the influence of diabesity on cardiovascular mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Prospective cohort study involving 1246 individuals (54.3% women) followed for 20.9 years (SD<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->7.31) and selected by random two-stage sampling in a province in southeastern Spain. Diabesity was defined as the combination of DM2 with overweight and obesity. Survival curves (Kaplan-Meier) were calculated and two Cox regression models were used, one unadjusted and the other adjusted by the main explanatory variables in which the diabesity variable consisted of 6 categories (normal weight, overweight, obesity, normal weight+DM2, overweight+DM2 and obesity+DM2).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 95 deaths due to CV causes (7.6% of the total; 6.2% women and 9.3% men; p<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.01). After adjustment, the combination of DM2 and overweight increased the incidence of cardiovascular mortality by 133% (HR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->2.33; 95% CI: 1.18-4.58; p<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.014) and the combination of DM2 and obesity by 49% (HR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.49; 95% CI: 0.64-3.45; p<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.351), not reaching statistical significance in the latter case.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In the general population, the results of our study show that the combination of overweight and DM2 is associated with higher CV mortality. It seems a priority to intervene intensively in the control of both overweight and DM2.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 5","pages":"Article 500768"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EPOC y riesgo cardiovascular","authors":"Carlos Santiago Díaz ,&nbsp;Francisco J. Medrano ,&nbsp;N. Muñoz-Rivas ,&nbsp;Luis Castilla Guerra ,&nbsp;M. Belén Alonso Ortiz ,&nbsp;en representación de los grupos de trabajo de EPOC y de Riesgo Vascular de la Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.500757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.500757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) usually presents joined to other pathologies we call comorbidities. The more frequent of them are those related to cardiovascular risk, either its risk factors or its clinical manifestations. Cardiovascular risk of these patients grows up with the severity of the airflow obstruction, specially during and after an exacerbation of COPD. Patients with COPD have between 2 and 5 times more risk of ischaemic heart disease than people without COPD, even after adjusting for cofounding factors. Cardiovascular diseases are up to the second cause of mortality in these patients, close to those due to the lung disease. Although COPD is associated to several cardiovascular risk factors such as tobacco, arterial hypertension or Diabetes Mellitus, they don’t explain all the excess in cardiovascular risk these patients have. Despite that excess of cardiovascular risk in COPD patients, most widely used cardiovascular risk scores don’t include COPD as a risk factor itself, so global risk is understimated in these patients. In this review, we make a bibliography revision of the avaliable evidence about COPD and cardiovascular risk factors as well as the excess of cardiovascular risk COPD itself involves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 5","pages":"Article 500757"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143257004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El gen estimulado por interferón 15 (ISG15) modula el fenotipo de células musculares lisas vasculares y el remodelado vascular patológico","authors":"Julius Soudant ,&nbsp;Raquel González-Blázquez ,&nbsp;Abraham Merino ,&nbsp;Constanza Ballesteros-Martínez ,&nbsp;Raquel Rodrigues-Diez ,&nbsp;Rosa Moreno-Carriles ,&nbsp;J. Francisco Nistal ,&nbsp;Susana Guerra ,&nbsp;Juan Miguel Redondo ,&nbsp;Mercedes Salaices ,&nbsp;Ana M. Briones ,&nbsp;Ana B. García-Redondo","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Inflammation is a major determinant of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) has a role in vascular remodelling in AAA. This study investigates the mechanisms whereby ISG15 might affect vascular remodeling and function.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from wild type (ISG15^+/+) o ISG15 knockout (ISG15^−/−) mice, aorta from ISG15^+/+ and ISG15^−/− mice infused with angiotensin II (1.44<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day, sc, 14 days), and human AAA. We also performed a model of recombinant ISG15 infusion (rISG15, sc, 100 and 500<!--> <!-->ng/day, 14 days) in mice.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In VSMC, ISG15 deficiency increased the expression of contractile (<em>Acta2</em>, <em>Tagln</em>) and synthetic (<em>Fn1</em>, <em>Col1a2</em>, <em>Col3</em>, <em>Col4</em>) markers and decreased the expression of the calcification marker <em>Spp1</em>. Ang II infusion changed the expression of phenotype markers differently in aorta from ISG15^+/+ or ISG15^−/− mice. ISG15 expression showed a negative correlation with expression of contractile markers (<em>ACTA2</em>, <em>CNN1</em>), and with <em>COL3a1,</em> in human samples from patients with AAA or with stenotic aorto-iliac pathology. rISG15 infusion induced hypotrophic vascular remodelling in mesenteric arteries without affecting vascular mechanics. Aorta of ISG15^−/− mice contracted more to thromboxane A₂ analogue U46619, compared to ISG15^−/−mice. Both aorta and mesenteric arteries from rISG15-treated mice showed less contractility than control mice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ISG15 participates in pathological vascular remodeling probably by modulating VSMC phenotype. These changes could also impact in the vascular function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 5","pages":"Article 500769"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planificación del tratamiento hipolipemiante en la enfermedad vascular ateroesclerótica. Consenso SEC/SEA/SEEN/SEMFYC/SEMERGEN/SEMG/SEN/SEACV/S.E.N","authors":"Rosa Fernández-Olmo ,&nbsp;Alberto Cordero ,&nbsp;Armando Oterino ,&nbsp;Agustín Blanco-Echevarría ,&nbsp;David Vivas ,&nbsp;Carlos Escobar ,&nbsp;Emilio Ortega ,&nbsp;Mónica Torres-Fonseca ,&nbsp;Carmen Sánchez-Peinador ,&nbsp;Borja Quiroga ,&nbsp;Vicente Pascual ,&nbsp;Pedro Martínez-Losas ,&nbsp;Daniel Escribano ,&nbsp;María del Mar Freijo ,&nbsp;Rosa María Sánchez Hernández ,&nbsp;Ana Viana ,&nbsp;Román Freixa-Pamias ,&nbsp;Almudena Castro ,&nbsp;Juan José Gómez Doblas","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years we have been experiencing an advance in lipid-lowering therapies, with the appearance of new drugs that act on the different metabolic pathways, reducing both the levels of cholesterol associated with low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C) containing apoprotein<!--> <!-->B (ApoB), and vascular risk. However, the results in achieving goals are still scarce, as well as the use of the different therapies that help us to achieve them. Among the reasons that justify this situation are: the inadequate identification of vascular risk, the underuse of therapies, poor adherence to the recommended treatment, the lack of organization in terms of the assignment of roles and algorithms of action in the follow-up of patients and the need for improved education and psychosocial interventions that influence both adherence and consolidation of Healthy lifestyle habits. This consensus document aims to improve the approach and follow-up of dyslipidemia in a comprehensive way, defining the planning of lipid-lowering therapies as a control strategy (SEC/SEA/SEEN/SEMFYC/SEMERGEN/SEMG/SEN/SEACV/S.E.N.).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 500799"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}