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MULTIGRAPH IS: Part 2. VERIFICATION OF THE DIGITAL TWIN OF THE EUROPEAN TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEM APPLICATION 多图是:第二部分。验证数字孪生在欧洲列车控制系统中的应用
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.01
Andrzej KOCHAN, Piotr FOLĘGA, Gintautas BUREIKA, Remigijus SKIRKUS
{"title":"MULTIGRAPH IS: Part 2. VERIFICATION OF THE DIGITAL TWIN OF THE EUROPEAN TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEM APPLICATION","authors":"Andrzej KOCHAN, Piotr FOLĘGA, Gintautas BUREIKA, Remigijus SKIRKUS","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.01","url":null,"abstract":"The final model for rail transportation is the introduction of full digitalization to support communication and transport services, which will be available to the public in the future. The process of digitalization is based on models that reproduce the real physical structures present in the transport network. Due to the high complexity of the structure and its mapping, it is necessary to find methods that automatically verify the proposed created model. This approach supports manual activities that, at this moment, are not sufficient. Automatization’s description requires a formal approach. Such a description has been developed as part of a research project, “The Digital Railway. The digital twin of the ETCS application. Virtual prototyping and simulation of operational scenarios.” In this paper, a formal model of the ETCS application has been proposed, and a formal approach to its verification is described.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
AN APPROACH TO TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT SELECTION FOR MEASURING RAILWAY TRACK GEOMETRY 铁路轨道几何形状测量技术设备选择的探讨
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.11
Gintautas BUREIKA
{"title":"AN APPROACH TO TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT SELECTION FOR MEASURING RAILWAY TRACK GEOMETRY","authors":"Gintautas BUREIKA","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"The most-used railway track geometry measurement systems are considered in this study. The advantages and disadvantages of considered systems and the necessity and application of these technologies in European railways were examined. The decisive factors of the operation of measurement equipment were considered. Real-time railway track condition monitoring systems were evaluated by 14 experts according to a scale of 13 criteria. Questionnaire data were processed using Kendall’s rank correlation method, and the mean ranks were normalized using the average rank transformation into weight method. The most relevant evaluation criteria describing the principles of operation and quality of the most promising technologies were defined. The most important criteria for assessing the suitability of technologies were determined by applying the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution. Finally, basic conclusions and recommendations were formulated.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
LIFE CYCLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS OF DIFFERENT CAR TYPES 不同车型的全生命周期能耗和二氧化碳排放量
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.09
Rosen IVANOV, Ivan EVTIMOV, Krasimir KIRILOV, Iliyana MINKOVSKA
{"title":"LIFE CYCLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS OF DIFFERENT CAR TYPES","authors":"Rosen IVANOV, Ivan EVTIMOV, Krasimir KIRILOV, Iliyana MINKOVSKA","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.09","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, the energy consumption and emissions of gasoline cars, battery electric cars, fuel cells electric (FCE) cars, compressed naturel gas (CNG) cars, liquid propane-butane gas (LPG) cars, etc., during their life cycles are presented. A set of flow charts presenting the production of cars and used fuel/energy is developed. These charts and the latest data for electricity production emission factor and raw materials prices are used. A comparative analysis is done. Results for primary energy and carbon emissions are presented in graphical form. They show the most economical and ecological car decisions.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
FLAME PROPAGATION IN A NARROW GAP BETWEEN THE PISTON AND CYLINDER OF A HYDROGEN ENGINE 火焰在氢发动机活塞和汽缸之间狭窄间隙内的传播
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.16
Revaz KAVTARADZE, Tamaz NATRIASHVILI, Merab GLONTI, Giorgi CHILASVILI, Otar GELASHVILI, Jumber IOSEBIDZE
{"title":"FLAME PROPAGATION IN A NARROW GAP BETWEEN THE PISTON AND CYLINDER OF A HYDROGEN ENGINE","authors":"Revaz KAVTARADZE, Tamaz NATRIASHVILI, Merab GLONTI, Giorgi CHILASVILI, Otar GELASHVILI, Jumber IOSEBIDZE","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.16","url":null,"abstract":"The processes of flame penetration and propagation in a narrow annular gap between the piston and cylinder of a hydrogen piston engine are investigated by the method of 3D mathematical modeling. The model is verified by comparing the changes in pressure and heat release rate in the cylinder obtained from an experimental hydrogen engine, considering the data collected during numerical experiments. The movement of the flame front into the gap is analyzed by changes in the instantaneous local values of the hydrogen fractions in the mixture and the local temperatures of the cold gas (unburned mixture) and combustion products. A comparative analysis of the spread of gasoline and hydrogen flames is carried out. The phenomenon of increasing heat losses in the combustion chamber of a hydrogen engine compared to a gasoline engine, previously confirmed experimentally by different authors and not yet having an acceptable theoretical interpretation, is explained by neglecting the role of heat transfer in the indicated gap.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135085998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
ENHANCING MOBILITY: DEVELOPING A PEDESTRIAN SOLUTION FOR LOCOMOTION CHALLENGES AND ROAD SAFETY 增强机动性:针对移动挑战和道路安全开发行人解决方案
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.14
Aneta WNUK, Dagmara JANKOWSKA-KARPA
{"title":"ENHANCING MOBILITY: DEVELOPING A PEDESTRIAN SOLUTION FOR LOCOMOTION CHALLENGES AND ROAD SAFETY","authors":"Aneta WNUK, Dagmara JANKOWSKA-KARPA","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.14","url":null,"abstract":"Orthopedic crutch attachments (caps) are an important but underestimated element supporting the safety of pedestrians, including elderly road users with disabilities. A review of the literature shows that this topic is rarely the subject of research and new solutions. In 2022, the multidisciplinary team of the Motor Transport Institute started multi-stage work to develop and implement innovative multi-functional attachments to orthopedic equipment as an element improving the comfort of movement of this group in various weather conditions. Focus group interviews with potential users, which were a part of the project, indicated the most important features of the selection of such a solution, such as material, anti-slip properties, ease of replacement, durability (low abrasion), ensuring stability, and quiet operation. On this basis, the final prototype of the orthopedic crutch attachment presented in the article was developed. In addition, areas related to road safety and pedestrian safety devices were identified, the implementation and promotion of which could improve the functioning of orthopedic equipment users.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A STUDY ON INTERSTATE FREIGHT MODE CHOICE BETWEEN TRUCKS AND TRAINS USED TO TRANSPORT OIL PRODUCTS: A CASE STUDY OF IRAQ 石油产品卡车与火车跨州运输模式选择研究——以伊拉克为例
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.03
Hussein M. NOOR, Noor M. ASMAEL
{"title":"A STUDY ON INTERSTATE FREIGHT MODE CHOICE BETWEEN TRUCKS AND TRAINS USED TO TRANSPORT OIL PRODUCTS: A CASE STUDY OF IRAQ","authors":"Hussein M. NOOR, Noor M. ASMAEL","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.03","url":null,"abstract":"Freight mode choice is an important stage in shipping demand modeling. Transporting oil products using trucks between cities has several issues, including increased risk of accidents, higher transportation costs, environmental impact, and traffic congestion. Due to the absence of local studies, in addition to the few global studies that deal with freight mode selection used to transport oil derivatives between cities, the aim of the study is to develop transport mode choice models for trucks and trains transporting oil products between the interstate capital of Baghdad and the government of Basra for export. The revealed preference survey was used for 277 goods transport data collected with the help of personal interviews, questionnaires, and government institutions. The collected data were processed using two statistical approaches: binary logistic regression and Firth logistic regression. The study’s findings assist decision-makers in selecting sustainable modes of transport.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":"339 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
VERIFICATION OF A TRAIN ON RAILWAY TRACK SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION SYSTEM 某列车轨道仿真优化系统的验证
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.12
Adam MAŃKA, Piotr KISIELEWSKI, Jarosław KONIECZNY, Krzysztof LABISZ, Janusz ĆWIEK
{"title":"VERIFICATION OF A TRAIN ON RAILWAY TRACK SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION SYSTEM","authors":"Adam MAŃKA, Piotr KISIELEWSKI, Jarosław KONIECZNY, Krzysztof LABISZ, Janusz ĆWIEK","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a Train on Railway Track simulation model and program developed by the authors. The model implements the module for multiple-criteria optimization with a set of proposed objective functions allowing reductions in train passing time, total costs, energy consumption, and adverse environmental impacts. The Train on Railway Track simulator has been developed to allow both the simulation itself and the ride optimization. The main achievement is the development of an algorithm that simulates the passage of a train over 500 km, the duration of which did not exceed two minutes. We present an analysis of the impact of model changes on the duration of the simulation and the accuracy of the results obtained. This allows the use of these achievements in simulations carried out for the railway, automotive, or aviation industries as well. Changes in the classical approach to optimization proposed by the authors made it possible to obtain results directly by solving classical systems of equations. The change in the approach to the optimization and system algorithm has reduced the operating time of the optimization system from thousands of simulations to a single simulation with an additional optimization process that takes several minutes to calculate. This article is a continuation of the description of the work performed, and basic information about the developed simulation model and software functionality is included in a separate publication [13].","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A ROAD SAFETY EVALUATION MODEL IN THE CONTEXT OF LEGISLATIVE CHANGES 立法变化背景下的道路安全评价模型
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.04
Anna BORUCKA, Grzegorz SOBECKI
{"title":"A ROAD SAFETY EVALUATION MODEL IN THE CONTEXT OF LEGISLATIVE CHANGES","authors":"Anna BORUCKA, Grzegorz SOBECKI","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.3.04","url":null,"abstract":"Road accidents are affected by various factors, but many of them are not monitored and collected, and some of them are not even known. Important factors that are often overlooked in research are legislative issues and legal changes regulating road safety, which are the subject of the study in this article. As it is extremely difficult to prove a significant influence of these factors and, therefore, to demonstrate that the impact of legislative changes on the number of road accidents is significant, this variable was considered while analyzing the impact of other variables, which, in the authors' opinion, were the most important and, above all, known over the period in question. Day of the week, month, and year are selected. It was decided that other factors influencing the decreasing number of accidents would be included in the trend. With this assumption, the analysis of an additional variable that marks the periods of changes in legal regulations and the confirmation of its significant impact on the number of accidents will allow us to conclude that it is an important element shaping road safety.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":"2021 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135086005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SUBSTANTIATION OF A REASONABLE NUMBER OF FORKLIFTS FOR A WAREHOUSE COMPLEX WITH FRONTAL RACKS IN AN ANYLOGIC ENVIRONMENT 在任何逻辑环境中，为具有正面货架的仓库提供合理数量的叉车
IF 0.7
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.13
G. Zhanbirov, V. Litvin, I. Taran, Maral Izteleuova, Dana Aliakbarkyzy
{"title":"SUBSTANTIATION OF A REASONABLE NUMBER OF FORKLIFTS FOR A WAREHOUSE COMPLEX WITH FRONTAL RACKS IN AN ANYLOGIC ENVIRONMENT","authors":"G. Zhanbirov, V. Litvin, I. Taran, Maral Izteleuova, Dana Aliakbarkyzy","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is devoted to the study of the impact of volumetric planning solutions and the main production and technological parameters of a modern warehouse on the effectiveness of its functioning. The object of analysis is a class A warehouse complex located in Almaty. Simulation modeling was utilized to find and substantiate management decisions. The software product AnyLogic was used as the environment for the simulation. This paper develops a generalized algorithm for creating simulation models of warehouse complexes and a simulation model consisting of 114 blocks. The model is presented in the form of a black box, which made it possible to identify and establish correlations and relations between the input and output parameters of the warehouse, as well as its resources. A simulation experiment was conducted consisting of 63 model calculations. Variation parameters were the number of loading and unloading docks, as well as the number of forklifts in the storage area. As a result of the simulation, four options for the operation of the warehouse were established to ensure the unloading and loading of the required number of cars during the day. The optimal variant of the functioning of the warehouse complex was chosen on the basis of the proposed comprehensive criterion.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44983648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SIMULATION OF DELAYED BUSES IN A DUMPLING STATE AND ANALYSIS OF MAXIMUM WAITING TIME USING LOGISTIC REGRESSION 饺子状态下公交车延误仿真及最大等待时间logistic回归分析
IF 0.7
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.15
T. Tanamoto, Haruya Sekiguchi, Souta Orimo, Taisei Kawakami
{"title":"SIMULATION OF DELAYED BUSES IN A DUMPLING STATE AND ANALYSIS OF MAXIMUM WAITING TIME USING LOGISTIC REGRESSION","authors":"T. Tanamoto, Haruya Sekiguchi, Souta Orimo, Taisei Kawakami","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"As cities become larger and societies become more complicated, the corresponding transportation systems also become more complicated. Thus far, many important transportation models have been investigated and applied to societies. In this work, we analyze a bus transportation model that includes high randomness. By strengthening the viewpoint of the users, the bunching of buses is further explored and considered as “the dumpling bus state,” referring to cases when the next scheduled buses closely run behind a delayed bus for a while. It is described that waiting people are split into winners (people with shorter waiting times) and losers (people with longer waiting times). Waiting time is also analyzed using logistic regression to obtain the probability of people who continue to wait.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41967230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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