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APPLICATION OF DYNAMIC OPTIMIZATION FOR AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE MOTION CONTROL 动态优化在自动驾驶汽车运动控制中的应用
IF 0.7
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.18
M. Brzozowski, Ł. Drąg
{"title":"APPLICATION OF DYNAMIC OPTIMIZATION FOR AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE MOTION CONTROL","authors":"M. Brzozowski, Ł. Drąg","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.18","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a procedure algorithm and vehicle dynamics models that can be applied to planning and controlling the motion of an autonomous car. The simulation results obtained using a simplified bicycle model with three degrees of freedom and a spatial model with 10 degrees of freedom were compared. The numerical efficiency of both models was evaluated. The task of dynamic optimization was formulated, the solution to which enables the implementation of lane change and overtaking maneuvers. The task was solved using the bicycle model, and the results (implementation of the intended maneuver) were validated using the spatial model.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48025092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PERFORMANCE AND EMISSIONS CHARACTERISTICS OF A DIESEL ENGINE FUELED BY CARBON NANOPARTICLE-BLENDED DIESEL AND BIODIESEL 碳纳米粒子掺入柴油和生物柴油的柴油机性能及排放特性
IF 0.7
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.08
S. Slavinskas, V. Jokubynienė
{"title":"PERFORMANCE AND EMISSIONS CHARACTERISTICS OF A DIESEL ENGINE FUELED BY CARBON NANOPARTICLE-BLENDED DIESEL AND BIODIESEL","authors":"S. Slavinskas, V. Jokubynienė","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon-based nanomaterials have excellent properties and can be used in fuels to reduce emissions and improve engine performance and fuel economy. Due to their unique thermal conductivity properties, nanoparticles are widely used in various ways. The current article analyzes research results on the influence of carbon nanoparticles on the working characteristics and emissions of internal combustion engines powered by diesel and biodiesel. Fuels were mixed with the nanomaterial CPL at different concentrations (50, 100, and 150 ppm). This article analyzes the influence of nanomaterial (carbon wafers) in diesel engines using diesel and biodiesel to reduce emissions and fuel consumption, evaluates the volume of nanomaterials as a fuel additive needed to improve emission performance, and investigates the problem of the practical application of nano-fuel (i.e., regarding dosage and stability).","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46253152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE DIVERSITY OF THE SORPTION PROPERTIES OF RICE DURING MARITIME TRANSPORT AS AN ELEMENT OF RISK ASSESSMENT IN THE LOGISTICS PROCESS 大米在海上运输过程中吸附特性的多样性是物流过程中风险评估的一个因素
IF 0.7
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.17
A. Flis, A. Ocieczek, A. Kaizer
{"title":"THE DIVERSITY OF THE SORPTION PROPERTIES OF RICE DURING MARITIME TRANSPORT AS AN ELEMENT OF RISK ASSESSMENT IN THE LOGISTICS PROCESS","authors":"A. Flis, A. Ocieczek, A. Kaizer","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.17","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a comparative assessment of selected parameters determining the quality of rice transported by sea has been carried out. The aims of this process were to point out the differences between two types of rice tested immediately after their maritime transport and to compare these with a reference rice available in retail. Undoubtedly, the scientific achievement of the article is the demonstration of the possibility that the identification and estimation of the risk of lowering or total loss of quality (usability) of cargo are connected to its transport and related to the initial conditions. The analysis of the obtained results showed the existence of a sensitive dependence of the final state of the charge quality on the initial conditions, which is in line with the theory of deterministic chaos expressed as the butterfly effect.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47396587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE USE OF A MAGNETIC FIELD IN THE ASSESSMENT OF THE OPERATING LOADS OF PNEUMATIC TIRES 磁场在评估充气轮胎工作载荷中的应用
IF 0.7
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.05
Jan Warczek, S. Brol, J. Kozuba
{"title":"THE USE OF A MAGNETIC FIELD IN THE ASSESSMENT OF THE OPERATING LOADS OF PNEUMATIC TIRES","authors":"Jan Warczek, S. Brol, J. Kozuba","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"Steel is a typical construction material with ferromagnetic properties. This material is often used as a structural component of composites whose task is to transfer mechanical loads. This function is performed by the steel wires placed inside the tires. The aim of the preliminary tests was to determine the influence of air pressure changes in the pneumatic wheel on the distribution of the magnetic field observed outside the tire. The research used a magnetostrictive sensor that reacts to changes in magnetic induction. A sensor with three perpendicular measurement directions was used, and the components of the magnetic induction vector were measured at selected measurement points located in the space surrounding the tested tire. During the tests, measurements were made of the tire’s magnetic field under various load conditions. The results confirmed the occurrence of measurable effects of changes in the magnetic field distribution of the tire depending on the pressure inside.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48143699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SPEED ANALYSES AND MODELING IN PEDESTRIAN CROSSING AREAS 人行横道区域的速度分析与建模
IF 0.7
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.10
Robert Ziółkowski
{"title":"SPEED ANALYSES AND MODELING IN PEDESTRIAN CROSSING AREAS","authors":"Robert Ziółkowski","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"The safety of vulnerable road users, especially pedestrians, on Polish roads remains among one of the lowest levels among EU countries. A high number of accidents involving pedestrians occur in areas with zebra crossings, and excessive speed is often mentioned in police records as a leading cause of accidents. A number of investigations highlight that drivers’ speed strongly influences the impact on pedestrian safety; hence, it should be controlled in areas with pedestrian crossings through effective management. According to traffic law regulations, drivers are required to give special attention and slow down while approaching a pedestrian crossing. The aim of the article is to explore drivers’ speed behaviors at zebra crossings depending on their localization. Investigated zebra crossings were located on single and dual carriageways on straight segments and approach sections of intersections without traffic lights. Speed measures were performed under freeflow traffic conditions. The conducted analysis allowed for the identification of road geometry-related parameters significantly influencing vehicles’ speeds at pedestrian crosswalk locations. Based on the analyzed parameters, regression models were developed and validated.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43992709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PERSONAL FACTORS IN MOBILITY PLANNING WITH VIRTUAL ACTIVITIES 虚拟活动中移动规划中的个人因素
IF 0.7
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.02
Grzegorz Karoń, David Meskhishvili
{"title":"PERSONAL FACTORS IN MOBILITY PLANNING WITH VIRTUAL ACTIVITIES","authors":"Grzegorz Karoń, David Meskhishvili","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"The main reason for contemporary transport problems related to traffic congestion in urban transport networks is the excessive number of passenger cars used by people commuting to work (i.e., to places where they carry out their work duties). During the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant reduction in traffic flow was observed due to the implementation of remote work. Currently, transport problems are similar to those observed before the pandemic period. This article presents the results of research and a discussion on various factors, the recognition and analysis of which enable the virtualization of activities related to work duties. Contribution to the development of science and knowledge in the field of transport, and in particular in urban mobility planning, justifies the need for in-depth research taking into account, among other matters, objective and subjective personal factors in the assessment of social generation preferences to carry out activities in a virtual form (e.g., remote work). Proper recognition of these factors enables the development of mobility plans that can significantly reduce traffic congestion.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44890549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
MULTIGRAPH IS: Part 1. A FORMAL DESCRIPTION OF RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL TWIN OF THE ETCS APPLICATION MULTIGRAPH IS：第1部分。ETCS数字孪生应用中铁路基础设施的形式化描述
IF 0.7
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.04
A. Kochan, P. Folęga, Remigijus Skirkus, G. Bureika
{"title":"MULTIGRAPH IS: Part 1. A FORMAL DESCRIPTION OF RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL TWIN OF THE ETCS APPLICATION","authors":"A. Kochan, P. Folęga, Remigijus Skirkus, G. Bureika","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"The European Railway Agency has formulated assumptions for a target model of rail transport. Its important premise is digitalization to support the communication and transport services that the railways will make available to the public in the future. Part of the digitalization process is the digital description of the railway infrastructure in a formalized form to allow algorithmic processing. The formal description of infrastructure is not a new issue. However, attempts made so far have not resulted in a permanent definition of a generally accessible formalism allowing for a coherent representation of the physical railway infrastructure in a digital form. This paper presents the results of work carried out within the research project Digital Railway-The Digital Twin of the ETCS Application-Virtual Prototyping and Simulation of Operational Scenarios.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46288240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
APPLYING THE EXPERT METHOD TO DETERMINE A COMPANY’S STRATEGIC GOALS 运用专家方法确定公司的战略目标
IF 0.7
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.11
Dinara Satybaldiyeva, Gulmira S. Mukhanova, Zh.M. Tymbayeva, M. Tyshkanbayeva, S. Bolatkyzy
{"title":"APPLYING THE EXPERT METHOD TO DETERMINE A COMPANY’S STRATEGIC GOALS","authors":"Dinara Satybaldiyeva, Gulmira S. Mukhanova, Zh.M. Tymbayeva, M. Tyshkanbayeva, S. Bolatkyzy","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"The most important factor for the success of a company in today’s competitive environment is to have clearly defined goals. Objectives define what a company strives for, what it wants to achieve, and what it wants to realize in its activities. Clearly defined goals are necessary to ensure the sustainability and effectiveness of a company’s operations and the successful achievement of its desired results. This paper proposes an expert method for determining the strategic goals of a company. The experts ranked 24 strategic goals in terms of importance, and variance and coefficient of variation were then used to determine the consistency of the experts. As a result, 15 important strategic goals were identified of the 24 goals of the assessed transport company.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45322419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR DEMAND RESPONSIVE TRANSPORT IN EAST SLOVAKIAN RURAL AREAS 愿意为东斯洛伐克农村地区的需求响应运输付费
IF 0.7
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.12
Marek Gróf, P. Džupka, R. Dráb
{"title":"WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR DEMAND RESPONSIVE TRANSPORT IN EAST SLOVAKIAN RURAL AREAS","authors":"Marek Gróf, P. Džupka, R. Dráb","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of implementing a demand responsive transport system in the Košice and Prešov regions of East Slovakia. This was achieved through a willingness-to-pay survey conducted in six villages in the target regions. Two separate models were constructed based on the survey results to estimate the residents’ willingness to pay for trips to the nearest major city or the regional capital. The study revealed that the average willingness to pay for trips to the nearest LAU 1 (NUTS 4) administrative center was €0.86 per kilometer, while for trips to NUTS 3 administrative centers, it was €0.38 per kilometer. These findings suggest that demand responsive transport may be more suitable for shorter local journeys than for longer journeys. The study also identified several variables that affect the willingness to pay, such as the frequency and quality of the existing bus transit system and the use of other modes of transport. Additionally, this study highlights the potential benefit of demand responsive transport for residents with mobility impairments or those who travel alone.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46766279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IMPACT ANALYSIS OF MICRO-JET COOLING FOR STRESS CONCENTRATION IN A CRANE BUMPER DURING A COLLISION 微射流冷却对起重机保险杠碰撞应力集中的影响分析
IF 0.7
Transport Problems Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.09
T. Haniszewski, T. Wȩgrzyn, B. Szczucka-Lasota
{"title":"IMPACT ANALYSIS OF MICRO-JET COOLING FOR STRESS CONCENTRATION IN A CRANE BUMPER DURING A COLLISION","authors":"T. Haniszewski, T. Wȩgrzyn, B. Szczucka-Lasota","doi":"10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.09","url":null,"abstract":"In the structure of crane bumpers, there is a need to join various types of steel. Usually, low-alloy steel structures are used for this purpose, which can be represented by S355J2 steel. The tensile strength of S355J2 low-alloy steel is slightly below 600 MPa, and the tensile strength of S355J2 steel is at the high level of 200 J at ambient temperature. The impact strength of this steel in negative temperatures is also good at over 47 J at -60 °C, so it meets the 6th class of impact toughness. Welding structures, after classic gas metal arc welding (GMAW) processes, meet only the second impact toughness class. An improved GMAW process was used by micro-jet cooling application to raise the mechanical properties of the joints. The microstructure and main properties of the joints were carefully analyzed. The influence of using the new suggested welding process on the various properties of the welds is presented (UTS – ultimate tensile strength, YS – yield strength, Poisson ratio, elongation, Young’s modulus). Then, the effects of tests for use in crane bumper construction were checked by using a hybrid finite element method (FEM) analysis.","PeriodicalId":45193,"journal":{"name":"Transport Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43084893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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