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Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice最新文献

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Death in Dallas: Sentencing patterns of pre-Furman capital offenders 达拉斯的死亡:弗曼案之前死刑罪犯的量刑模式
IF 1.2
Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2020-02-26 DOI: 10.1080/15377938.2020.1729921
Sarah A. El Sayed, D. Boots, James W. Marquart, S. Sanford
{"title":"Death in Dallas: Sentencing patterns of pre-Furman capital offenders","authors":"Sarah A. El Sayed, D. Boots, James W. Marquart, S. Sanford","doi":"10.1080/15377938.2020.1729921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377938.2020.1729921","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Whether racial bias is intertwined with capital case dispositions continue to be a matter of contention. In 1972, Furman v. Georgia ruled capital punishment unconstitutional on the grounds of being capricious and arbitrary. To better understand this sociological phenomenon, the current paper examines capital punishment within a historical context. Specifically, the present study is an exploratory examination of county-level data consisting of offenders who received a death sentence between 1923 through 1972. Media accounts from a Dallas newspaper during that time period were also examined. Results indicate that Blacks were disproportionately sentenced to death compared to their White counterparts. Capital sentencing trends at the county level reflect national trends of racial bias that characterized this historical period.","PeriodicalId":45166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15377938.2020.1729921","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48204627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Not all eyewitnesses are equal: Accent status, race and age interact to influence evaluations of testimony 并非所有目击者都是平等的:口音、种族和年龄相互作用，影响证词的评估
IF 1.2
Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2020-02-19 DOI: 10.1080/15377938.2020.1727806
L. Frumkin, A. Stone
{"title":"Not all eyewitnesses are equal: Accent status, race and age interact to influence evaluations of testimony","authors":"L. Frumkin, A. Stone","doi":"10.1080/15377938.2020.1727806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377938.2020.1727806","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Extralegal factors such as accent status, race and age may affect how someone is perceived in courtrooms. Even eyewitnesses who are not on trial may be rated less favorably as a result of such features. The current study measured accent status, race and age with 254 participants listening to oral witness statements. Results indicate eyewitnesses with higher-status accents were rated more favorably than those with lower-status accents and younger black eyewitnesses were rated higher than older black witnesses. White eyewitnesses were more favorably rated than black witnesses although this was qualified by results suggesting anti-norm deviance. The findings provide the criminal justice system with reasons to question how interactions among witness characteristics and with observer characteristics may influence court decisions.","PeriodicalId":45166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15377938.2020.1727806","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47228544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Who challenges disparities in capital punishment?: An analysis of state legislative floor debates on death penalty reform 谁对死刑的不平等提出质疑?国家立法机构关于死刑改革的辩论分析
IF 1.2
Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2020-01-09 DOI: 10.1080/15377938.2019.1710316
D. Niven, Ellen A. Donnelly
{"title":"Who challenges disparities in capital punishment?: An analysis of state legislative floor debates on death penalty reform","authors":"D. Niven, Ellen A. Donnelly","doi":"10.1080/15377938.2019.1710316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377938.2019.1710316","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In McCleskey v. Kemp, the Supreme Court tasked legislatures, rather than courts, with redressing racial disparities in capital punishment. Elected officials must then decide to amend disparate death penalty procedures. Analyzing floor debates, we explore why legislators make arguments for racial disparity or fairness in deliberations of death penalty reforms. Results suggest views on race and the death penalty are products of partisanship, constituency composition, and the race/ethnicity of legislators, with the interaction of these factors being most predictive of argumentation. Findings illuminate who leads discourse on fairness in criminal justice and the limits of legislative responses to racial injustice.","PeriodicalId":45166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15377938.2019.1710316","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48633662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The relative impacts of normative and instrumental factors of policing on willingness to empower the police: A study from Jamaica 警务的规范性和工具性因素对警察授权意愿的相对影响:来自牙买加的研究
IF 1.2
Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15377938.2019.1681046
Daniel K. Pryce, L. Grant
{"title":"The relative impacts of normative and instrumental factors of policing on willingness to empower the police: A study from Jamaica","authors":"Daniel K. Pryce, L. Grant","doi":"10.1080/15377938.2019.1681046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377938.2019.1681046","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study is the first to assess citizen willingness to empower the police in the Caribbean. The study examines the relative impacts of normative and instrumental models of policing on willingness to empower the police in a sample of Jamaican citizens. Using data from a survey of Jamaican citizens, procedural justice and educational level predicted police empowerment; obligation to obey, age, sex, police effectiveness, and risk of sanctioning did not. The study’s findings point to the importance of the process-based model of policing in different geopolitical contexts. Specifically, the study addresses why procedural justice, a normative model, may engender willingness to empower the police in this group of Jamaican citizens. This finding is important because normative models generally exert a stronger influence than instrumental models in advanced democracies, whereas the opposite is the case in emerging democracies and postcolonial societies, such as Jamaica. The implications for policing, policy, and future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15377938.2019.1681046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47019434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Depression, perceived discrimination, and racial barrier awareness as predictors of offending for Black women 抑郁症、歧视意识和种族障碍意识是黑人女性犯罪的预测因素
IF 1.2
Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15377938.2019.1679689
C. A. Jones, Mia Ortiz, K. Renner
{"title":"Depression, perceived discrimination, and racial barrier awareness as predictors of offending for Black women","authors":"C. A. Jones, Mia Ortiz, K. Renner","doi":"10.1080/15377938.2019.1679689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377938.2019.1679689","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The lived experiences of Black people are often characterized by racism and race discrimination, but the experiences of Black women are uniquely intensified by multiple intersecting marginalities (i.e., race, class, gender, etc.) that collectively function as areas of discrimination. Recognizing this, the present study explores whether perceptions of discrimination and racial barrier awareness leads to offending behavior above the influence of depressive factors. Findings from this study suggest that depressive factors alone marginally account for variances in offending behavior, but when paired with racial barrier awareness, significantly account for variances in offending behavior. Perceptions of discrimination, however, did not account for any variance.","PeriodicalId":45166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15377938.2019.1679689","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48490340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Contextualizing race: a conceptual and empirical study of fatal interactions with police across US counties 情境化种族:美国各县与警察致命互动的概念和实证研究
IF 1.2
Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15377938.2019.1692748
Ronald Helms, S. Costanza
{"title":"Contextualizing race: a conceptual and empirical study of fatal interactions with police across US counties","authors":"Ronald Helms, S. Costanza","doi":"10.1080/15377938.2019.1692748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377938.2019.1692748","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recent high profile killings of citizens at the hands of law enforcement have drawn attention to questions about the determinants of these violent encounters. The literature is replete with studies focused on individual characteristics and situational exigencies. This paper takes a structural approach to assess alternative explanations. Results show that race, criminal violence, and general conditions of economic inequality are strong predictors of police killings of citizens across 3,081 US counties. The empirical findings from this research provide a broad foundation for conceptualizing a structural model of police lethal violence against citizens.","PeriodicalId":45166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15377938.2019.1692748","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46298869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Racial dynamics underlying crime commission, emotionality, and last statements among executed offenders in Texas 得克萨斯州被处决罪犯的犯罪委员会、情绪和最后陈述背后的种族动态
IF 1.2
Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15377938.2019.1693466
Kevin McCaffree, Anondah Saide, M. Shermer
{"title":"Racial dynamics underlying crime commission, emotionality, and last statements among executed offenders in Texas","authors":"Kevin McCaffree, Anondah Saide, M. Shermer","doi":"10.1080/15377938.2019.1693466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377938.2019.1693466","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We consider here whether African-Americans executed on death row in Texas are consequently (a) more likely to have committed economically-motivated secondary crimes during the commission of homicide/attempted homicide, and whether these inmates were (b) less likely to express being sorry in their final statements before execution. Our study revealed support for the following hypothesized patterns: Caucasian offenders used a greater number of sorry-related words in their last statements, on average, compared with African-American offenders. In addition, homicides/attempted homicides committed by African-Americans were significantly more likely to have included a secondary economically-motivated crime (e.g., robbery). Subsequent analyses revealed that offender race significantly mediated the effects of economic secondary crime commission and “emotional intensity” on expressed sorrow in final statements.","PeriodicalId":45166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15377938.2019.1693466","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48122197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Intersectionality of race, class, and gender in predicting police satisfaction 种族、阶级和性别在预测警察满意度中的交叉性
IF 1.2
Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2019-09-06 DOI: 10.1080/15377938.2019.1658143
Ahmet Kule, Vic W. Bumphus, Gale D. Iles
{"title":"Intersectionality of race, class, and gender in predicting police satisfaction","authors":"Ahmet Kule, Vic W. Bumphus, Gale D. Iles","doi":"10.1080/15377938.2019.1658143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377938.2019.1658143","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although an intersectional approach has been taken by various social scientists to examine criminal justice issues, our literature review reveals that, to date, no studies have explored citizen perceptions of police from this perspective. As researchers, we challenge the convenience of using merely collective demographic measures; instead, we suggest that overlooking social class, gender, and race subgroup interactions masks important variations in patterns and etiological understandings of public attitudes toward the police. Using data obtained from citizens who had recent contact with police, we take an intersectional approach to examine the main and combined effects of gender, social class, and race on citizen perceptions of police. The main purpose of this study is to address a significant gap in literature.","PeriodicalId":45166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15377938.2019.1658143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47084792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The police station service quality: A comparative study of the areas in the South of Thailand 泰国南部地区派出所服务质量的比较研究
IF 1.2
Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2019-08-25 DOI: 10.1080/15377938.2019.1652949
Prapon Sahapattana, Sutham Cheurprakobkit
{"title":"The police station service quality: A comparative study of the areas in the South of Thailand","authors":"Prapon Sahapattana, Sutham Cheurprakobkit","doi":"10.1080/15377938.2019.1652949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377938.2019.1652949","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Routine attacks and killings targeted at soldiers, police officers, and local citizens have been going on in the three southernmost provinces of Thailand (Yala, Pattani, and Narathiwat) for over a decade. Although the root cause of the insurgency is still unknown, religion and secession were pointed out by many political analysts. The objective of this study is to find out empirically how different Muslims and Buddhists perceived service quality they received from the police. Data were collected from 540 people who came to police stations for services. Service quality was measured in five dimensions: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The results of this study reveal that, in the three southernmost provinces of Thailand, Muslims perceived higher service quality from the police than Buddhists.","PeriodicalId":45166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15377938.2019.1652949","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47612201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“The Talk” regarding minority youth interactions with police 关于少数民族青年与警察互动的“谈话”
IF 1.2
Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2019-08-13 DOI: 10.1080/15377938.2019.1646687
Myrna Cintron, M. Dawkins, Camille Gibson, Milton C. Hill
{"title":"“The Talk” regarding minority youth interactions with police","authors":"Myrna Cintron, M. Dawkins, Camille Gibson, Milton C. Hill","doi":"10.1080/15377938.2019.1646687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377938.2019.1646687","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This mixed methods descriptive study is an effort to describe whether “The Talk” (regarding behavior during interactions with police) occurs equally in African American, Latino, and White families and to determine the content of these conversations. A sample of 307 university students, in three areas of Texas, were surveyed with closed and open-ended items. Data were analyzed quantitatively using descriptive statistics and t-test difference between proportion analyses and qualitatively through a process of coding to identify patterns and themes in the open-ended responses. The findings reveal that a majority (74%) of the youth surveyed have had “The Talk” with their parents/guardians, and this influences their perceptions of the police. Unsurprisingly, African Americans were found to be more fearful and distrustful of law enforcement than Whites and Latinos. Latinos shared many similar, more positive, perceptions of law enforcement with Whites in contrast to African Americans. Whites, however, evidenced the most faith in law enforcement and in the idea that their complaints about police misconduct would attain results.","PeriodicalId":45166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15377938.2019.1646687","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48039032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
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