Indian Journal of Community Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Systems Framework Model Approach for Effective Learning of Health Management Information System (HMIS).","authors":"Sunder Lal, Pankaj Sehgal","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_41_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_41_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 2","pages":"245-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11042154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing a Settings-based Approach for Health Promotion - A Government Initiative in India.","authors":"Vinu A K Vij","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_370_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_370_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 2","pages":"450-451"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11042134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional Variation in the Prevalence of Undernutrition and its Correlates Among Under Five-Year Children in North India.","authors":"Indrapal Ishwar Meshram, Mallikharjun Rao Kodavanti, K Sreerama Krishna, Avula Laxmaiah","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_616_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_616_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Undernutrition is an important public health problem affecting one-third of under five-year-old children in India.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the nutritional status of under five-year-old children along with child feeding practices.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We adopted a systematic sampling procedure to carry out this community-based, cross-sectional study in all the districts of Haryana. Data was collected on socioeconomic and demographic particulars along with anthropometric measurements. Analysis was done using SPSS Windows 23.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of stunting, underweight, and wasting was 34%, 27.5%, and 11%, while that of severe undernutrition was 11%, 8%, and 3%, respectively. The odds of underweight were significantly higher among children of the Muslim religion, children of scheduled caste, children of illiterate mothers, lower per capita income, HHs without electricity, landless HHs, low birth weight, no ANC care, and those early ages at complementary feeding. Stunting was significantly higher among children whose mothers were illiterate, children whose fathers were laborers, among landless HHs, with no separate kitchen and lower birth weight, while wasting was higher among children of Muslim religion, children of scheduled caste, with no sanitary latrine facility, low-birth-weight children and early initiation of complementary feeding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Undernutrition is observed to be associated with religion, community, education of mother, per capita income, land holding status, birth weight, and age at complementary feeding. Thus, improving maternal nutrition can improve birth weight, improving maternal knowledge about child feeding, and the household's socio-economic status may improve the nutritional status of children.</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 2","pages":"322-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11042149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140854060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Health Ailments and Associated Risk Factors in Small-Scale Fisherfolk Community of Indian Sundarbans: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Aparna Roy, Angshuman De, Md Aftabuddin, Asit K Bera, Supriti Bayen, Abhishek Ghosh, Basanta K Das","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_906_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_906_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Small-scale fishers of Indian Sundarbans depend on open-water fisheries for their livelihoods. They often face health, occupational, and safety issues in their profession due to environmental, socio-economic, and policy changes. The morbidity pattern and related risk factors are important indicators of well-being for any community, hence applicable to small-scale fishers of Sundarbans. The present study was designed to assess patterns of morbidities, associated risk factors including occupational health hazards, and treatment-seeking behavior of small-scale fishers in the Indian Sundarbans.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Household surveys, focused group discussions, and personal interviews were conducted through a predesigned pretested structured questionnaire. Associated risk factors and the nature of seeking treatment were considered during the data collection covering 650 individuals from 132 fishers' families.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Morbidities were more frequent in males (39.33%) than in females (28.5%). The fever (31%) was the most dominant reason for morbidities followed by ocular ailments (23%), musculoskeletal disorder (20%), dermatological ailments (17%), and respiratory illness (9%). The highest morbidities (25%) were recorded in the age group of 21-30 years in males while that was 20% in the 11-20 years age group in the case of the females. Physical labor for fishing activities predisposes to health ailments of the studied population.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of morbidity among the fishermen community was found to be 28.5%. The understanding of the morbidity profile of a population in general and specific age groups of both sexes in specific sheds light on the vulnerability of working groups that will help for effective healthcare planning and resource allocation.</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 2","pages":"360-366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11042129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140857517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joint Statement on Comprehensive Education for Adolescents and Young People to Support their Healthy Development and Well-being: Adolescent Health Academy, Indian Academy of Pediatrics, Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India, Indian Association of Preventive and Social Medicine, and Indian Public Health Association.","authors":"Sukanta Chatterjee, Upendra Kinjawadekar, H D Pai, A M Kadri, Sanghamitra Ghosh, Vineet Saxena, G V Basavaraja, V Chandra-Mouli, Rajesh Mehta, Geeta Patil, R N Sharma, Madhuri Patel, Supriya Jaiswal, Purushottam Giri, Kaushik Mitra","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_57_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_57_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 2","pages":"264-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11042146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140863685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Digital Learning in Community Mental Health Care Among Nurses in India.","authors":"Radhakrishnan Govindan, Sailaxmi Gandhi, Prasanthi Nattala, Rajalakshmi Ramu, P Marimuthu","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_619_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_619_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Digital learning is a cost-effective and time-saving approach in higher education. The present study aimed to check the impact of continuing nursing education programs through digital learning by connecting Indian nurses to NIMHANS Digital Academy (NDA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>One group pre-test and post-test design was used for this study. Overall, 217 nurses registered for the course and 146 nurses were recruited on the basis of eligibility and their Expression of Interest (EoI) through the online registration portal. All the nurses who had access to the internet and enough internet literacy were included in the study. 64 nurses had not submitted the post-test due to various reasons within the stipulated time. Hence, the final sample achieved and calculated for the analysis was n = 82. The data for this study were collected through the retrospective chart review method.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The findings of this study reveal that most of the nurses in India had willingness and readiness for digital learning. All the nurses who joined the NDA learning program stated that they would like to improve their knowledge regarding mental health and illness, to identify and manage mentally ill patients efficiently. The results indicated that the training provided through NDA positively impacted the nurses' knowledge and fulfilled their learning needs. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between knowledge, practice, and confidence score changes for the two-time point period, i.e. before and after the training.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It can be concluded that conducting Continuing Nursing Education (CNE) through a digital learning program is an effective teaching-learning method in the nursing curriculum.</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 2","pages":"334-341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11042143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140858439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facilitating Factors and Barriers to Physical Activity among Undergraduate Medical Students in North India: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Pentapati Siva Santosh Kumar, Kiran Goswami, Anil Goswami, Kapil Yadav, Poornima Vanni, Prashant Tayade","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_33_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_33_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medical undergraduate students are the doctors of the future. Evidence supports that medical students who practice physical activity (PA) regularly will continue to perform PA in the future and are more likely to counsel patients about it in their practice. This study was planned to understand the facilitating factors and barriers to PA among Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) students using a qualitative approach.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study is part of a larger study on PA among undergraduate medical students from a medical college in North India. A cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach was conducted on undergraduate medical (MBBS) students enrolled from 2012 to 2017 at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common facilitating factors identified in the study were self-motivation and personal preference, followed by health consciousness to maintain fitness and the continuation of habits from early childhood. Other facilitating factors reported are being good at sports, having sports-loving friends, an increase in self-confidence, the desire to build six packs, and reducing weight. Those with a concern for self-health, prevention of disease in the future, or a family member already suffering from a disease related to PA were also likely to practice it. Barriers found in the study broadly were competing for time, gender issues, resource-related issues, and sole focus on academics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rigorous efforts are needed from the individual level to the system level to reinforce the facilitators and fight the barriers. Future studies should focus on finding ways to overcome the barriers and strengthen the facilitating factors for PA among medical students in India.</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 2","pages":"411-416"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11042124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140858598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-Cultural Discourses of Children Engaged in Child Labor in India: A Macro-Ethnographic Study.","authors":"Pareek Bharat, Nidhi Dhimaan, Sudha A Raddi, Lekha Bist, Kamaljit Kaur, Jyoti Tiwari, Daljit Kaur","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_982_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_982_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Child labor is considered one of the main social problems that affect the community and has a physical and psychosocial impact on a child's health, growth, and development. The study aimed to describe the sociocultural discourses of children involved in child labor. A macroethnographic approach was used to collect the data from the selected community areas of Punjab, India.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A community-based qualitative study using purposive sampling was carried out among children engaged in child labor (<i>n</i> = 8). The data were gathered through in-depth or semi-structured interviews and non-participant observation under four phases: community context assessment, egocentric network analysis, validation, and dissemination of study findings. The guide for consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) was followed. Ongoing analysis was conducted using Spradley's analysis approach to identify the themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thematic analysis resulted in the emergence of various themes related to child labor, namely, adaptability, money-centric attitude, sense of being underserved, social deprivation, work burden, reduced emotional expression, workaholism, abuse, family shoulder, family cohesion, and sense of industry. Apart from that, inhuman living and working conditions, as well as school deprivation among study subjects, were observed. Poverty emerged as the single most compelling factor for child labor in India.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study concluded that child labor had a negative impact on children's overall development. An effective intervention to stop child labor is if vulnerable children are identified through primary healthcare, and a relationship of trust is built that allows for the provision of health care, education, support, and referral to additional services outside the health sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 2","pages":"392-397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11042127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140862513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: A Preliminary Study on the Impact of Household Air Pollution on Adult Respiratory Health in Urban and Rural Settings of Jaipur, India.","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/IJCM.IJCM_249_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJCM.IJCM_249_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article on p. 165 in vol. 49, PMID: 38425977.].</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 2","pages":"455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11042135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140863683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy-related Factors Responsible for Delivering Low Birth Weight Babies: An Institutional-based Cross-sectional Study, Jamnagar, Gujarat.","authors":"Harsh K Patel, Jitesh P Mehta, Bela A Patel, Rohitkumar Ram, Dipesh V Parmar","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_895_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_895_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The WHO defines LBW as \"Birth weight less than 2500 grams\" regardless of gestational age. Being born with a low birth weight also incurs enormous economic costs, including higher medical expenditures and social service expenses, and decreased productivity in adulthood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study distribution of newborns' according to pregnancy related factors and its association with newborns' birth weight.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An institutional based cross-sectional study. New-borns delivered at study institute were considered as study participants. Estimated final sample size was 500. Guardians (mothers) were face-to-face interviewed and also recorded data were collected from the case file and Mother and Child Protection Card.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence of LBW newborns was higher in mothers with late ANC registration, <4 ANC visits, chronic medical conditions, infection during pregnancy, PIH, anemia, consuming tobacco, exposure to second hand smoke, LSCS/Assisted delivery, in female newborns', current pregnancy birth order number more than 2, in pre term newborns' and mothers with bad obstetric history.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Create awareness and adoption of suitable family planning methods. Need to do early (within 12 weeks) ANC registration with minimum four ANC visits for better pregnancy outcome. Effective tracking and suitable intervention provided to improve current pregnancy outcome. Health care professional should pay special attention to high-risk pregnancy. Develop social culture in such a way that females are neither addicted nor exposed to any tobacco containing products in their life.</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 2","pages":"354-359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11042152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}