Infection Disease & Health最新文献

{"title":"Attitudes to cross infection, nebuliser hygiene and antimicrobial resistance in people with cystic fibrosis: Results of an international survey","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span><span>Respiratory infection is a major cause of disease severity in people with </span>cystic fibrosis<span> (PwCF). This project aimed to establish the CF community's opinion regarding cross infection (CI), nebuliser hygiene, </span></span>antimicrobial resistance, personal impact of microbiological findings and the role of the microbiology laboratory.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A questionnaire was completed anonymously (n = 280; PwCF (n = 128), parents (n = 123); friends/family/carers/charity personnel (n = 29)) from 13 countries. Readability scores (Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), Flesch Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL)) were determined for CI/IP&amp;C information from six national CF charities and 21 scientific abstracts.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Respondents (72.5%) indicated knowledge of laboratory aspects of CF microbiology was important, however implications of microbiological findings on personal health/well-being were of higher importance (p &lt; 0.0001). Cross infection/infection prevention &amp; control (CI/IP&amp;C) was of highest importance (95.6% respondents) with 27.3% indicating they were not given adequate information, particularly in older respondents (50 y+) (p = 0.006) versus young adults (16-29 y) and respondents from the Middle East versus N. America (p = 0.022) and Europe (p = 0.045). Responses highlighted how CI/IP&amp;C health literacy could be enhanced. Respondents (77.3%), particularly females (p &lt; 0.0001), indicated they would increase the frequency of nebuliser </span>disinfection following guidance on infection risks/best practice, therefore an educational video was prepared. CI/IP&amp;C readability scores (mean ± sd) from CF charities (FRE 52.5 ± 10.8; FKGL 9.7 ± 2.3) were more readable (p &lt; 0.0001) than scientific abstracts (FRE 13.3 ± 11.1; FKGL 16.9 ± 2.3), however not meeting the targets (FRE≥60 and FKGL≤8).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>There is a requirement for further CI/IP&amp;C evidence-based guidance, policies/guidelines, education awareness, best practice in the home environment and multi-modal communication, enabling the CF community to make informed choices on lifestyle behaviours.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45006,"journal":{"name":"Infection Disease & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140762278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The increasing health burden of Legionella Pneumophila in NSW","authors":"Michael Staff ,&nbsp;Adelaide Nyinawingeri","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><em>Legionella pneumophila</em> can cause severe respiratory disease and is notifiable in NSW. An analysis of notifications linked to hospitalisation and death data over the period 2010–2022 was conducted to determine the burden of disease and any association with the introduction of NSW regulatory changes in 2018.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Cases were retrospectively identified from the Notifiable Conditions Records for Epidemiology and Surveillance (NCRES). Data on related morbidity and mortality were obtained from linked data within the NSW Communicable Disease Register (CDR). The impact of the regulatory change was evaluated by analysing monthly count data using an interrupted time series analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 928 cases were notified with 84% admitted to hospital. Annual adjusted notification and admission rates increased over the period from 4.40 to 7.92 cases and 3.72 to 7.20 admissions, per 1,000,000 population, respectively. The mean length of hospital stay (LOS) was 14 days with a median of 8 days (range 1–262 days). Time series analysis identified an underlying increasing time trend in cases notified per month with an IRR of 1.069 (95% ci 0.751–1.523) post 2018 regulatory implementation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><em>L. pneumophila</em> is posing an increasing burden of disease with an underlying upward trend in notification incidence despite the introduction of regulatory changes in 2018.</p></div><div><h3>Implication for public health practice</h3><p>This study demonstrates how linking notification, hospitalisation and death data can measure the health burden of a notifiable condition. Furthermore, time-series analysis using these data is able to identify underlying temporal trends and evaluate policy changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45006,"journal":{"name":"Infection Disease & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140780027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a rapid, multi-organisational, multi-modal assessment of a newly available disposable respirator","authors":"Irene Ng ,&nbsp;Charles Bodas ,&nbsp;Megan Roberts ,&nbsp;Andrew Coe ,&nbsp;Michelle Smith ,&nbsp;Helen McCann ,&nbsp;Daryl Lindsay Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>A rapid large-scale evaluation of a newly available duckbill style P2/N95 respirator, the Care Essentials (CE) MSK-003, was required to determine its suitability for deployment into the Victorian healthcare service. The aims of this study were to assess the feasibility of establishing a rapid, multi-organisational and multi-modal evaluation of the respirator, and to investigate whether this respirator would meet the needs of healthcare workers.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The evaluation was a collaboration among three healthcare organisations – two tertiary hospitals in metropolitan Melbourne and a rural-based hospital. Participants were healthcare workers undertaking their routine fit tests. They were required to complete quantitative fit testing and a usability assessment survey on the CE MSK-003 respirator. The a priori performance criteria were set as fit test pass rate of &gt;70%, plus satisfactory subjective overall comfort and performance assessments, defined as a rating of adequate, good, or very good in &gt;90% of the cohort.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 1070 participants completed the multi-modal assessment within a month. Seventy-eight percent of participants passed their quantitative fit test. Over 90% of survey respondents reported that the CE MSK-003 was adequate, good or very good in terms of its overall comfort and performance assessments.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We demonstrated that a multi-modal evaluation of a new respirator can be rapidly conducted with a high level of participation in a controlled, consistent manner across multiple organisations. The evaluation results of the CE MSK-003 respirator exceeded our predetermined (a priori) minimal criteria, making it suitable for broad distribution to healthcare organisations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45006,"journal":{"name":"Infection Disease & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468045124000208/pdfft?md5=3221e2c1d4b780f669aad7db0f9a9261&pid=1-s2.0-S2468045124000208-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140768549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capacity building to address antimicrobial resistance in remote Australia: The inaugural HOT NORTH Antimicrobial Academy","authors":"A.C. Bowen ,&nbsp;B. Smith ,&nbsp;K. Daveson ,&nbsp;L. Eldridge ,&nbsp;A. Hempenstall ,&nbsp;T. Mylne ,&nbsp;R. Szalkowski ,&nbsp;K. Van Rooijen ,&nbsp;L. Anderson ,&nbsp;M. Stephens ,&nbsp;S.Y.C. Tong ,&nbsp;T. Yarwood","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) for some pathogens in Australia are considerably higher in rural and remote compared to urban regions. The inaugural Hot North Antimicrobial Academy was a 9-month educational programme aimed to build workforce knowledge and capacity in antimicrobial use, audit, stewardship, surveillance and drug resistance in remote primary health care.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The Academy was advertised to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander, regional and remote healthcare workers. Participants were Aboriginal health practitioners, nurses, pharmacists and doctors from Queensland, Northern Territory, South Australia and Western Australia working in remote primary health care with a focus on Indigenous health. Due to COVID-19 restrictions, the Academy ran virtually from February–November 2021 using Microsoft Teams. The Academy was evaluated using surveys and yarning circles to assess impact and knowledge gain.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Participants and faculty from across Australia attended 19 lectures and mentorship sessions. Eleven participants commenced and eight (73%) completed the Academy. The Academy raised participants awareness of AMR guidelines, governance and generating change; built confidence in advocacy; grew knowledge about drug resistant infections; and created a community of AMR champions in Indigenous health.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The evaluation confirmed the Academy met the needs of participants, provided opportunities to move stewardship from tertiary hospitals into Indigenous and remote clinics and developed skills in research, audit, stewardship and advocacy for all involved. All sessions were recorded for future use, with facilitation by the National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation (NACCHO) in future years.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45006,"journal":{"name":"Infection Disease & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468045124000075/pdfft?md5=0089701908f6317a79e2dfdf3e2b6e78&pid=1-s2.0-S2468045124000075-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140330443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catheter-associated urinary tract infections in Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Zelalem Asmare ,&nbsp;Mulat Erkihun ,&nbsp;Wagaw Abebe ,&nbsp;Agenagnew Ashagre ,&nbsp;Tadesse Misganaw ,&nbsp;Sefineh Fenta Feleke","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) account for the majority of device-associated healthcare-acquired infections with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In developing countries with limited resources, the burden of CAUTI have substantial burden owing to the lack of well-organized infection prevention and control. Although there are studies in African countries, the magnitude of CAUTI is inconsistent. Therefore this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of CAUTI in Africa and identify the pathogens involved.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Systematic review of articles from different databases and search engines such as Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and African Journal online were systematically searched to identify potential studies. Data were extracted on Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using STATA 17.0. The pooled prevalence of CAUTI was estimated using a random effects model, inverse of variance was used to assess statistical heterogeneity across studies. Egger's tests was performed to identify possible publication bias.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This systematic review and meta-analysis incorporated twenty studies, revealing a pooled prevalence of CAUTI at 43.28%. Gram-negative bacteria were the leading cause of CAUTI accounts for 82.9%. <em>Escherichia coli</em> (45.06%) was the most frequent gram-negative bacterial isolate involved in CAUTI followed by <em>Klebsiella</em> spp (24.17%). <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> was the predominant gram-positive bacterial isolate, accounting for 53.24% of gram-positive associated cases in CAUTI.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion and recommendations</h3><p>In conclusion, the high prevalence of CAUTI in Africa underlines a pressing healthcare challenge. Addressing this issue requires a concerted effort, encompassing health education, infection prevention measures, resource allocation, and collaborative initiatives to enhance patient safety and mitigate the impact of CAUTI on healthcare systems in the region. As prolonged catheterization increases the risk of infection, catheters should only be used for proper indications and removed promptly when no longer needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45006,"journal":{"name":"Infection Disease & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haemodialysis machine designation for patients with chronic Hepatitis B virus: A practice and attitudes survey of Australian renal healthcare workers","authors":"Sarah Russo ,&nbsp;Jill Telfer ,&nbsp;Carla Silva ,&nbsp;Eliza Daly ,&nbsp;Sarah Browning","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>To reduce the risk of viral transmission, guidelines recommend the use of designated haemodialysis machines and patient isolation for patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV). These practices are without a strong evidence base, and may no longer be necessary in the setting of heat disinfection programs and standard precautions.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An online cross-sectional survey was developed for renal clinicians across Australia and New Zealand to explore infection prevention policy concerning patients with chronic HBV in haemodialysis units. We sought to determine whether psychosocial and cultural impacts might result from the mandatory use of machine designation and patient isolation practices, as perceived by multidisciplinary healthcare workers with experience working with this patient population.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Sixty-seven responses from 27 health districts across all states of Australia and one New Zealand district were received. Most respondents were from urban areas (65%), and were nurses (87%). 50% of health districts reported using designated machines, while 32% isolate patients. Lack of necessary resources limited the use of designated machines (57%), and patient isolation (78%). Respondents not routinely using these precautions were more likely to express concerns regarding patient psychosocial wellbeing and cultural appropriateness. Overall, 30% of respondents expressed concerns regarding the cultural appropriateness of these recommendations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We demonstrate wide variation in haemodialysis infection prevention and control policy and practice with regards to managing patients with chronic HBV. While use of standard precautions and machine disinfection are consistently applied, resource availability and concerns for patient psychosocial wellbeing limit adherence to international guidelines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45006,"journal":{"name":"Infection Disease & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246804512400004X/pdfft?md5=61394b4ab9f1f173c0d11bb2fc884b8e&pid=1-s2.0-S246804512400004X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post implementation quarantine recommendations that support preparedness: A systematic review and quarantine implementation capability framework","authors":"Matiu Bush ,&nbsp;Catherine M. Bennett ,&nbsp;Ana Hutchinson ,&nbsp;Stéphane L. Bouchoucha","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>During COVID-19, countries utilised various quarantine systems to achieve specific outcomes. At different stages and durations, voluntary and mandatory quarantine occurred in homes, hotels and facilities based on local and national elimination strategies. Countries are incorporating quarantine lessons from COVID-19 into revising pandemic plans as part of the World Health Organization's Preparedness and Resilience for Emerging Threats (PRET) activities. This review aimed to amalgamate quarantine post implementation recommendations from a whole-of-system perspective.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This review utilised MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, APA, and PsycINFO. To capture all pandemics, no date restriction was applied. Recommendations were synthesised and inductively grouped into quarantine capability categories. This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023420765).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 449 published articles were screened, with 51 articles included and 156 recommendations extracted. Recommendations were grouped into 15 quarantine capability categories, comprising governance, preparation, infection prevention and control, ventilation, compliance, data, information and technology, safety-quality-risk, communication, healthcare model, home quarantine, hotel quarantine, facility quarantine, workforce, and resident considerations. The capability categories were further consolidated into strategic, structural, and operational domains to support the whole-of-system perspective.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The quarantine implementation capability framework generated provides comprehensive and deeper insights into the essential capabilities required for quarantine systems to support governments in PRET activities, including reviewing and revising pandemic plans and developing quarantine preparedness exercises.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45006,"journal":{"name":"Infection Disease & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468045124000051/pdfft?md5=e086b586fdc3b84af927fdd6f3c788be&pid=1-s2.0-S2468045124000051-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140112531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness and attitudes towards infectious diseases among teachers and administrators: Evaluation of health-related school program and practices","authors":"Kaan Aksun ,&nbsp;Veysel Alcan","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Schools play a crucial role in promoting health education and awareness about infectious diseases. This study aims to examine teachers' and administrators' awareness and attitudes towards infectious diseases and their specific health-related applications.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study used a new scale to collect survey data from 435 teachers and administrators. The validity and reliability of the scale were assessed by factor analysis. Pearson correlation and regression analysis were conducted to explore the relationships between variables. T-tests and one-way ANOVA were employed for group comparisons.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The findings revealed a concerning skepticism among a significant portion of participants towards the effectiveness of vaccines in ending epidemics and a lack of health education activities in schools. Significant differences were observed in the scores for physical measures, educational activities, awareness, observation, and attitudes based on school type and ownership of certificates (p ≤ 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study highlights the need for continuous education and awareness-raising efforts to develop sustainable school health practices. Integrating diverse health professionals into school health management teams can enhance health services in educational settings. The present study also emphasizes the importance of comprehensive health education in understanding infectious diseases, preventive measures, and proper hygiene practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45006,"journal":{"name":"Infection Disease & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140066391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting knowledge and capacity building on infection prevention and control, including hand hygiene, among health and care workers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45006,"journal":{"name":"Infection Disease & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468045124000026/pdfft?md5=d460523444bca5b9b655eb4c37047b5a&pid=1-s2.0-S2468045124000026-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139967094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the efficacy of latex gloves in preventing viral infections during needlestick injuries: An in vitro mixed-methods study","authors":"Marinila Buzanelo Machado ,&nbsp;Viviane de Cássia Oliveira ,&nbsp;Pedro Castania Amadio Domingues ,&nbsp;Rachel Maciel Monteiro ,&nbsp;André Pereira dos Santos ,&nbsp;Lucas Lazarini Bim ,&nbsp;Denise de Andrade ,&nbsp;Evandro Watanabe","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2023.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idh.2023.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Gloves are personal protective equipment designed to prevent contamination and reduce the spread of microorganisms. This study aimed to assess <em>in vitro</em> the physical integrity of latex gloves and the retention of biological contamination in healthcare simulation.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Three different batches of latex procedure gloves from five different brands and specific batches were evaluated before use for physical integrity by the standard protocols of the Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and of the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Moreover, the retention of biological contamination by latex procedure gloves in needlestick injury simulation with crystal violet and bacteriophages were applied in order to mimic human blood and virus presence.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Brands D and C showed the best and worst results in the immediate inspections and after 2 min, respectively. For Brand C, damage occurred in one finger/region in a total of 12 gloves, while seven gloves were damaged/unable to be worn. Brand D presented only two gloves with tears and/or holes in one finger/region. Regarding the viral contamination, in a simulated needlestick injury, data showed no significant difference among the groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>All glove brands presented physical damage that might affect the spread of microorganisms. The gloves did not exert an additional protective effect during a needlestick injury simulation in accordance with the two techniques used in this study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45006,"journal":{"name":"Infection Disease & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139898382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}