D. V. Gulyaev, D. V. Dmitriev, A. I. Toropov, S. A. Ponomarev, K. S. Zhuravlev
{"title":"Homogeneous Array of Nanopits on the Surface of InAlAs Layers Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy on an InP (001) Substrate","authors":"D. V. Gulyaev, D. V. Dmitriev, A. I. Toropov, S. A. Ponomarev, K. S. Zhuravlev","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700250","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In this paper, the surface morphology of InAlAs layers deviating from the lattice-matched composition with an InP substrate is studied. The possibility of forming an array of nanopits uniform in size and shape on the surface of the InAlAs layer is demonstrated. A linear relationship between the size of pits on the surface of a InAlAs layer and its thickness is shown.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shape Modification of Vertical Nanowires under Annealing","authors":"A. G. Nastovjak, N. L. Shwartz","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700262","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The numerical calculation of the shape modification of vertical nanowires under annealing due to the readsorption of the substance evaporated from the neighboring nanowires and substrate was carried out. The calculation was performed by the model of evaporation from a set of spherically symmetric sources and by the Knudsen–Lambert model. The effect produced on the shape of nanowires by the aspect ratio of the nanowire length to the distance between them and the rate of material evaporation from the nanowire side wall and substrate was analyzed.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. V. Zinin, A. A. Bykov, R. I. Romanov, A. A. Korneeva, A. V. Andreev, A. Yu. Belykh, S. Yu. Krasnoborod’ko, V. A. Kukushkin
{"title":"AFM Visualization of Conductivity and Morphology of BC $${}_{boldsymbol{x}}$$ -Film Surface Obtained by SLD Method","authors":"P. V. Zinin, A. A. Bykov, R. I. Romanov, A. A. Korneeva, A. V. Andreev, A. Yu. Belykh, S. Yu. Krasnoborod’ko, V. A. Kukushkin","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700298","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Materials with nonstandard physical properties are widely used in various fields of science and technology, from microelectronics to heavy industrial installations. At one time, international scientific teams carried out mathematical calculations showing that the most promising compounds of B–C structures which, under certain external conditions and concentration ratios, have strong chemical sp<span>({}^{2})</span> and sp<span>({}^{3})</span> bonds. Such materials are characterized by high hardness, resistance to aggressive media, and conductivity. This work is aimed at the synthesis and study of carbon-containing BC<span>({}_{x})</span> films. This paper presents the results of measuring a thin BC<span>({}_{5})</span> film. The spectral characteristics of the film, data on its layer thickness, conductivity, and composition were obtained by using X-ray, Raman, and photoelectron spectroscopy.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On a Method of Controlling Heater by Using Neural Networks","authors":"S. S. Abdurakipov, E. B. Butakov","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700328","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The possibility of using a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network has been studied to simulate the operation of a PID controller. A programmable PID controller has been realized to control a heater with a temperature sensor on the basis of an Arduino microcontroller. A LSTM model trained on the controller data has been developed. It is shown that the neural network model accurately reproduces the operation of the controller and can completely replace it under the condition of a much greater but sufficient data processing time. The applicability of this model as a detector of abnormal operation of the PID controller is shown.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. I. Guzhov, S. P. Il’inykh, E. V. Andryushchenko, D. S. Khaidukov
{"title":"Resolution Enhancement in Optical Microscopy Using Subpixel Shifts","authors":"V. I. Guzhov, S. P. Il’inykh, E. V. Andryushchenko, D. S. Khaidukov","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700122","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A new method of resolution enhancement in optical microscopy using the method of spatial subpixel shifts, i.e., shifts by some amount less than the resolution provided by the lens are considered. The resolution of optical microscopes is determined by the type of used lenses. Professional microscopes have a set of microlenses with different magnifications, which are mounted on turrets containing several lenses. Sometimes, it makes more sense to use one lens instead of a set of microlenses if it is possible to provide subpixel shifts. An increase in spatial resolution is carried out using the subpixel shift technique. In this case, the spectrum of the feature is supplemented by a multiplier, the type of which depends on the type of lens aperture. To obtain high-resolution features, it is necessary to divide the Fourier spectrum of an image obtained from several subpixel-shifted images by a factor depending on the selected aperture. This factor is called the aperture function. The aperture function is determined by the type of used lens and can be its nameplate value. An experimental method for calibrating a lens (obtaining its aperture function) with low resolution (<span>(8times)</span>) based on images obtained with higher resolution lenses (<span>(40times)</span>) is shown. Once the aperture function is defined, one low-resolution lens can be used to produce images at any resolution less than the resolution of the selected high-resolution lens (<span>(40times)</span>).</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141511460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Multiplicative Noises on the Precision of Measuring the Frequency of a Coherent Signal against the Background of White Noise","authors":"V. M. Artyushenko, V. I. Volovach","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700092","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The effect of multiplicative noises acting simultaneously with white noise on the precision of measuring the frequency of a coherent signal specified as a sequence of coherent pulses is considered and analyzed. The condition for the absence of systematic errors at the output of a tracking meter is determined. The slope of its discrimination characteristic, the spectral density of fluctuations at the output from the discriminator, and the coefficients, which characterize the normalizing effect of automatic gain control (AGC), are found. The mentioned parameters specify the value of worsening in the meter precision characteristics under the influence of multiplicative noises. It is shown that the effect of multiplicative noises grows with a decrease in the undistorted signal part level and an increase in the ratio between the energy of a signal, which is coherently accumulated in linear discriminator circuits, to the spectral additive noise power density. It is demonstrated that the effect of multiplicative noises is most pronounced in the cases when the noise modulation function spectrum has a width comparable with the bandwidth of linear discriminator circuits.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141530332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling of Lasers Based on the Stimulated Raman Scattering Effect in Special Tellurite Fibers and Microresonators","authors":"E. A. Anashkina, A. V. Andrianov","doi":"10.3103/s875669902470002x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s875669902470002x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Lasers of different classes based on the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) effect in waveguide elements from tellurite glasses with a power from tens of microwatts to tens of watts are theoretically studied. Due to high SRS gain and large SRS frequency shift, tellurite glasses are promising materials for the development of laser sources at a wavelength of nearly 2.3 <span>(mu)</span>m under pumping at a wavelength of nearly 2 <span>(mu)</span>m. The detailed numerical modeling of SRS lasers based on special single-core and multicore tellurite fibers is performed. It is shown that, at optimal parameters, the efficiency of pumping power conversion into SRS wave power may exceed 50%. The detailed modeling of low-power lasers based on high-Q microresonators is carried out to find optimal parameters and generation limiting factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141511431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design Study High Reflectors Graded Index Mirror Dispersive Properties","authors":"Elham Jasim Mohammad","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700158","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>This paper investigates the dispersive properties of a spectral filter—a quarter-wave (QW) mirror. The study considers the modeling with a smoothly changing refractive index of the applied material (Rugate filter) using Fourier transform analysis of a high and low refractive index. These chirped structures exhibit high reflectivity and low group delay dispersion. The introduced result in this study is in some way better than already existing ones and/or can be used to obtain a meaningful practical effect, because it adopts calculation methods that are characterized by the accuracy and reliability of data using different statistical parameters and can be adopted with all modern and old methods of preparation. These improvements can have significant implications for various applications. Moreover, we investigate different statistical parameters, such as mean, median, mode, and standard deviation (STD), and analyze their impact on the rugate filter group delay (GD) and group delay dispersion (GDD) performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141511428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Machine Learning Methods for Compensating Signal Distortions in Fiber-Optic Communication Lines","authors":"O. S. Sidelnikov, A. A. Redyuk, M. P. Fedoruk","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700018","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The article addresses current issues in the field of fiber-optic data transmission, related to the constant increase in demand for communication system bandwidth and nonlinear response. The main machine learning methods used to compensate for nonlinear signal distortions in long-haul coherent communication lines are presented, including neural networks of various architectures. The paper emphasizes the promise of machine learning-based solutions for enhancing the performance of optical fiber communication systems, thanks to their ability to derive effective and adaptive signal recovery schemes with low computational complexity.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141511429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. E. Tyschenko, Zh. Si, S. G. Cherkova, V. P. Popov
{"title":"Visible Photoluminescence of SiO $${}_{mathbf{2}}$$ Films Implanted with In $${}^{mathbf{+}}$$ and As $${}^{mathbf{+}}$$ Ions","authors":"I. E. Tyschenko, Zh. Si, S. G. Cherkova, V. P. Popov","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700067","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Visible photoluminescence from SiO<span>({}_{2})</span> films implanted with In<span>({}^{+})</span> and As<span>({}^{+})</span> ions was studied at room temperature depending on the energy of As<span>({}^{+})</span> ions, the temperature of further annealing, and the exciting radiation wavelength. As<span>({}^{+})</span> ions with energies of 40, 80, or 135 keV and In<span>({}^{+})</span> ions with an energy of 50 keV, at which the ratio between the average projective ranges of ions <span>(textrm{R}_{p}^{textrm{As}}/textrm{R}_{p}^{textrm{In}})</span> was 1, 2, and 3, respectively, were selected. Further annealing was performed at a temperature of 900 and 1100<span>({}^{circ})</span>C. Photoluminescence spectra were excited with laser radiation with wavelengths <span>(lambda_{ex}=442)</span> and 473 nm. The spectra of photoluminescence under excitation with <span>(lambda_{textrm{ex}}=473)</span> nm had a peak at 550 nm, whose energy position was shifted to <span>(520{-}530)</span> nm at <span>(lambda_{ex}=442)</span> nm. An increase in the ratio <span>(textrm{R}_{p}^{textrm{As}}/textrm{R}_{p}^{textrm{In}})</span> was accompanied by a decrease in the photoluminescence intensity and a change in the ratio between the intensities of peaks depending on the annealing temperature. The observed effect was discussed from the viewpoint of recombination between electrons and holes in InAs nanocrystals.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141511468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}