{"title":"Measurement of Distances between Objects by a Series of Images Obtained from Several Shooting Points with a Small Angle Camera","authors":"V. P. Kosykh, G. I. Gromilin, N. S. Yakovenko","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700195","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Solving various applied problems often requires reconstructing a three-dimensional scene and determining distances to objects from images taken by cameras from several shooting points. Determining the shooting parameters and camera characteristics (calibration of the recording system) directly from the received images is an important stage of reconstruction, which determines the reliability of the results obtained. Using cameras with a small field of view leads to significant errors in calibration and reconstruction. The paper discusses a way to increase the accuracy of calibration by expanding the angle of view by ‘‘stitching’’ a series of images obtained from one shooting point into a wide-angle panorama. In addition to objects, the panorama must include other shooting points. An example of estimating distances to objects in a real urban scene is given. It is shown that the proposed method provides accuracy comparable to measuring distances on a large-scale map.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. A. Sukhanov, M. S. Aksenov, A. K. Bakarov, I. D. Loshkarev, K. S. Zhuravlev
{"title":"Surface Passivation of IR Photodetectors Based on InSb/In $${}_{boldsymbol{1-x}}mathbf{Al}_{boldsymbol{x}}$$ Sb Heterostructures","authors":"M. A. Sukhanov, M. S. Aksenov, A. K. Bakarov, I. D. Loshkarev, K. S. Zhuravlev","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700274","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The methods of passivating the mesastructures of photodetectors based on InSb/In<span>({}_{1-x})</span>Al<span>({}_{x})</span>Sb nBn heterostructures grown by molecular-beam epitaxy are studied. The mesastructures are formed by photolithography and liquid etching. Two different dielectrics, Al<span>({}_{2})</span>O<span>({}_{3})</span> and Si<span>({}_{3})</span>N<span>({}_{4})</span>, are used to passivate the surface of mesastructures. It is shown that the Si<span>({}_{3})</span>N<span>({}_{4})</span> dielectric efficiently passivates the surface of mesastructures, and the bulk current channel is predominant, whereas the surface leakage current prevails in the Al<span>({}_{2})</span>O<span>({}_{3})</span> passivated mesastructures. At small reverse biases, the correlation between the current and surface area of a mesastructure is violated due to the influence of defects. Modeling the current–voltage characteristics of mesastructures at 77 K shows that the major contribution to the dark current is made by the tunneling current of electrons through the In<span>({}_{1-x})</span>Al<span>({}_{x})</span>Sb barrier.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spectral Composition of Microwave Signals at the Output of a Fiber EOM-Based Mixer","authors":"V. M. Vladimirov, M. Yu. Reushev, K. A. Drevin","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700286","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The influence of a frequency converter based on a Mach–Zehnder electro-optical modulator on the frequency spectrum of the output signal in the down-conversion mode has been studied. The modulator has been shown to make no significant changes to the distribution of the spectral power density of the converted signal, including phase noise, compared to the signal at the modulator input.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"467 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis and Optimization of a Stochastic Algorithm for Image Registration Using Shannon’s Maximum Mutual Information Criterion","authors":"A. G. Tashlinskii, R. M. Ibragimov, G. L. Safina","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700213","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>An algorithm for estimating image registration parameters using Shannon’s maximum mutual information criterion is synthesized on the basis of the mathematical methods of stochastic gradient adaptation. Expressions for the gradient of mutual information are obtained. At the same time, the derivatives of the entropy of images with respect to the estimated parameters are found using the Parzen window method. The synthesized algorithm is optimized to improve performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research and Development of Noise-Resistant Algorithms for Calculating the Group Delay Time of a Model Digital Signal with a Random Noise Component","authors":"K. S. Zhokhov, T. V. Gandzha, M. I. Kochergin","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700249","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The features of calculating the group delay time of a signal based on digital measurements of the S parameters of microwave devices are considered. Methods for calculating the group delay time of a signal with a random noise component are studied based on differentiation by the increment method and approximation. A method for calculating the group delay time based on the differentiation method using sliding piecewise linear approximation is proposed. This algorithm is more resistant to the noise component of the signal than standard method of calculating the group delay time of a signal developed using the example of the one-sided difference method and has less computational complexity than the method presented in the article based on quadratic approximation. The results of testing the operation of the described methods are presented, which illustrate that the methods are suitable for calculating the group delay time.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. A. Nazarov, I. N. Baranov, N. B. Miskiv, E. M. Starinskaya
{"title":"Approaches to Determine the Geometric Parameters of Liquid Droplets Using Digital Image Analysis","authors":"N. A. Nazarov, I. N. Baranov, N. B. Miskiv, E. M. Starinskaya","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700237","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Spray cooling, droplet interaction with complex surfaces, and droplet evaporation from solid walls are promising areas of research. These experiments require automated digital image processing, particularly when recording large amounts of video data. This paper presents methods for recognition of objects in digital images in order to obtain quantitative characteristics of evaporating droplets in low-light conditions. New algorithms have been developed to identify and close object boundaries in conditions of limited visibility, enabling measurement of the geometric parameters of evaporating droplets. A comparison is made with data obtained using manual image processing, and the usability conditions of the proposed algorithms are demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"170 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. A. Raifeld, A. N. Vasilevskii, A. N. Galyantich
{"title":"Principle of Calibrating a Magnetometric Sensor by the Precise Measurement of Change in Its Spatial Position in a Constant Magnetic Field","authors":"M. A. Raifeld, A. N. Vasilevskii, A. N. Galyantich","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700316","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Magnetometric measurements are widely used to solve the problems of geology, navigation, and some other fields. Currently, there exists a trend to miniaturize magnetometers and reduce their cost. However, the readings of cheap magnetometers are distorted by errors, which require the procedure of calibration. The mathematical models of errors, which are used in most known studies and accepted in this work, are described. The mathematical modeling of magnetometer measurement signals is carried out, and a principle of calibrating a magnetometric sensor by the precise measurement of change in its spatial position in a constant magnetic field is proposed. Estimates are given to the precision of restoring the calibrated parameters and to the signal restoration errors attainable when performing the calibration operations proposed in this paper.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141862973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Event-Discrete Traffic Control Models","authors":"Yu. V. Shornikov, K. A. Timofeev","doi":"10.3103/s875669902470033x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s875669902470033x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The problem of traffic control is solved using a model-based method. Automaton formalism is proposed for the development of a mathematical model. The states of a deterministic finite automaton (DFA) and the predicates of directed transitions are defined in strict accordance with the conditions of the problem. To implement the DFA, we used the Harel diagram (statechart); this is unified mathematical and software support for modern global modeling tools. The solution to the problem is proven constructively by a table of states with the corresponding dynamics and computational experiments of the selected scenario in advanced Russian and foreign instrumental environments for modeling the class of event systems. Computational experiments are in good agreement with constructive analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141862972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. P. Yushchenko, S. A. Litvinenko, R. A. Moseichuk, A. D. Ivanova
{"title":"The Required Number of Elements for a Ring Antenna Array","authors":"V. P. Yushchenko, S. A. Litvinenko, R. A. Moseichuk, A. D. Ivanova","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700304","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The properties of a ring antenna array are investigated theoretically by modeling. The goal of this research is to determine to what extent it is possible to reduce the number of elements of the ring antenna array. This problem is relevant for practical applications. Reduction of the number of elements of the antenna array simplifies the technology of its manufacturing. By means of modeling, it has been shown that reduction of elements with preservation of the ring array diameter does not change its resolving power, however leads to occurrence of undesired artefacts in the shape of rings in the reconstructed image. In addition, it has been shown that a segment of the ring array can be used instead of the entire ring antenna array. For example, a ring can be replaced by a semiring; at that, if its diameter is the same, then the resolving power will change insignificantly.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141862974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Method for the Visualization of Complex Objects Representing a Composition of Volumes and Functionally Defined Surfaces","authors":"S. I. Vyatkin, B. S. Dolgovesov","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700225","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A method based on graphic processors has been proposed for visualizing complex objects representing a composition of volumes and functionally defined surfaces. The method uses hierarchical 3D data structures that do not require parameterization. Combinations of complex translucent volumes and surfaces based on perturbation functions are described.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}