Norchip 2007Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481071
Bin Zhan, Baochun Hou, R. Sotudeh
{"title":"Fast mode decision for H.264 based on correlation between macroblocks","authors":"Bin Zhan, Baochun Hou, R. Sotudeh","doi":"10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481071","url":null,"abstract":"The latest video coding standard, H.264/AVC, surpasses the former standards in performance by adopting several advanced techniques. One of the most notable improvements is flexible block types based rate distortion optimal mode decision (MD), which extremely enhances the video coding efficiency. However, the exhaustive MD involves remarkably computational complexity. Significantly increased consumption of encoding time and power leads to difficulty for actual applications. In this paper, a novel fast MD scheme is presented according the correlation between macroblocks. Sufficient experimental results show that the proposed scheme is able to reduce 44.79% encoding time averagely. The decrease of encoding performance in terms of PSNR and bitrate is acceptable.","PeriodicalId":448673,"journal":{"name":"Norchip 2007","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123441118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norchip 2007Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481043
T. Schonwald, O. Bringmann, W. Rosenstiel
{"title":"Region-based routing algorithm for Network-on-Chip architectures","authors":"T. Schonwald, O. Bringmann, W. Rosenstiel","doi":"10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481043","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a novel approach for a region-based extension for a fully adaptive and fault-tolerant routing algorithm for Network-on-Chips (NoCs) called Force-Directed Wormhole Routing (FDWR) [T. Schonwald et al., 2007]. The proposed extension for the FDWR reduces the size of the routingtable of a switch and therefore the hardware costs. Despite the region-based extension the FDWR can be used for different NoC topologies like mesh, torus, and hypercube. The region-based extension is integrated into the Transaction Level Model (TLM) of the switch. We show how the proposed extension for the FDWR reduces the size of the routingtable. Simulation results depict that the traffic is distributed uniformly across the entire network despite the region-based extension. Furthermore, it is shown that in case of faulty switches the area around that switches is not overloaded and that the traffic is uniformly distributed across the entire network.","PeriodicalId":448673,"journal":{"name":"Norchip 2007","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128474498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norchip 2007Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481037
W. Yan, H. Zimmermann
{"title":"A low-voltage fully differential constant signal behavior rail-to-rail input stage in 0.12μm CMOS","authors":"W. Yan, H. Zimmermann","doi":"10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481037","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a new fully differential low- voltage rail-to-rail input structure, which possesses a constant large- and small-signal behavior over the entire input common- mode range, and is suitable for low supply voltage applications in deep-submicron technologies. The proposed input stage is fabricated with two different opamp architectures in pure digital 0.12mum CMOS technology for experimental verification. At plusmn0.5V supply, the gm-variation is only 5.45%. The slew-rate+/- deviation is 3.5/3.2%. The maximum current for signal behavior regulation is reduced down to 90 mum.","PeriodicalId":448673,"journal":{"name":"Norchip 2007","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129545731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norchip 2007Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481046
Jian Chen, F. Jonsson, Lirong Zheng, H. Tenhunen, Dian Zhou
{"title":"Sizing of MOS device in LC-tank oscillators","authors":"Jian Chen, F. Jonsson, Lirong Zheng, H. Tenhunen, Dian Zhou","doi":"10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481046","url":null,"abstract":"Since previous publications show conflicting results about sizing device, relationship between device size and 1/f2 phase noise is studied and closed-form equations are derived in order to help designers to size devices in LC-tank oscillators for good phase noise performance. The analysis is divided into two steps. Firstly, periodic noise transfer functions of each VCO noise source to the output of switch FETs are derived, and the impact of sizing on these functions is discussed. Secondly, phase noise equations are derived with these functions. Experiments show that phase noise predicted by the equations agrees with that from simulations.","PeriodicalId":448673,"journal":{"name":"Norchip 2007","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130652687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norchip 2007Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481027
J. Maunu, M. Laiho, A. Paasio
{"title":"Performance analysis of BMC and Decision Units in the differential analog Viterbi decoder","authors":"J. Maunu, M. Laiho, A. Paasio","doi":"10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481027","url":null,"abstract":"In modern high-speed telecommunication systems a direct analog approach enables the A/D converter to be excluded from the Viterbi decoder implementation and avoids the speed bottlenecks in digital computation. The differential structure eliminates the need for the conventional trace-back memory thus enabling on-line decoding after initial transitional stages. This paper presents the circuit level analysis of branch metric calculation and decision units for a differential analog Viterbi decoder addressed to a (2,1,7) convolutional code. The speed and power consumption in these units is simulated with 0.13 mum CMOS technology. Further, the impact of inaccuracies in these units on the decoder performance is estimated.","PeriodicalId":448673,"journal":{"name":"Norchip 2007","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130478171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norchip 2007Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481041
S. Saleem, C. Vogel
{"title":"LMS-based identification and compensation of timing mismatches in a two-channel time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter","authors":"S. Saleem, C. Vogel","doi":"10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481041","url":null,"abstract":"A time-interleaved ADC (TIADC) increases the overall sampling rate by combining multiple slow ADCs. However, the performance of a TIADC suffers from several mismatches such as time, offset, and gain mismatches. This paper deals with the identification and compensation of timing mismatches in a TIADC using the least mean square (LMS) algorithm. The method only requires a bandlimited and oversampled input signal. We present a detailed discussion and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method by numerical simulations.","PeriodicalId":448673,"journal":{"name":"Norchip 2007","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114238233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norchip 2007Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481052
D. Sarmiento, M. Nejad, H. Tenhunen, Lirong Zheng
{"title":"Low power tunable CMOS I-UWB transmitter design","authors":"D. Sarmiento, M. Nejad, H. Tenhunen, Lirong Zheng","doi":"10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481052","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper an on-chip tunable Impulse-Ultra Wide Band Transmitter is presented. It is capable of modifying the power emission to comply with the FCC regulations at different pulse rates up to 300 MHz using two external controls. The maximum power consumption is 1.2 mW and 142 muW at 300 MHz and 10 MHz PRF respectively with a leakage current of 100 nA. The prototype has been designed in 0.18 UMC technology and placed in a QFN lead-less package.","PeriodicalId":448673,"journal":{"name":"Norchip 2007","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116220360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norchip 2007Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481076
P. Misans, M. Terauds, G. Valters, U. Derums, N. Vasilevskis
{"title":"FPGA-based CRAIMOT basis function generator","authors":"P. Misans, M. Terauds, G. Valters, U. Derums, N. Vasilevskis","doi":"10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481076","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the aspects of practical generation of basis function(s) (BF(s)) and the basic notions for orthonormal parametrical transform called as \"constant rotation angle in matrix orthonormal transform\" (CRAIMOT). The presented CRAIMOT BF generator is implemented as Altera's Cyclone II FPGA. A simplified block diagram and parameters of the generator are provided. The generator has a parallel structure and 5 times shorter sample time in opposite to the previous implementation. The sine/cosine former of BF generator has 3 different versions - CORDIC based, the linear interpolation based, and RAM table based. The comparison of the mentioned versions is provided.","PeriodicalId":448673,"journal":{"name":"Norchip 2007","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116559098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norchip 2007Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481061
Havard Pedersen Alstad, S. Aunet
{"title":"Seven subthreshold flip-flop cells","authors":"Havard Pedersen Alstad, S. Aunet","doi":"10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481061","url":null,"abstract":"For ultra-low-power applications, operating the transistors in their subthreshold region is an effective way of reducing the power dissipation of a circuit. This paper presents a comparative study of the performance of seven D-flip-flop cells operating in the subthreshold region, based on simulations in a 90 nm CMOS technology. Simulations have been performed with a supply voltage ranging from 150 mV to 350 mV. The best PDP and EDP numbers at 175 mV is 13 aJ and 10 yJs, respectively.","PeriodicalId":448673,"journal":{"name":"Norchip 2007","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123744662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norchip 2007Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481045
Xin Wang, J. Nurmi
{"title":"Modeling A Code-Division Multiple-Access Network-on-Chip using SystemC","authors":"Xin Wang, J. Nurmi","doi":"10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHP.2007.4481045","url":null,"abstract":"A systemC model of a code-division multiple- access (CDMA) network-on-chip (NoC) is presented in this paper. The CDMA NoC modeled in this paper is a globally- asynchronous locally-synchronous (GALS) on-chip communication network which applies CDMA technique to transfer data among different network nodes concurrently. The presented SystemC model uses Transaction-Level Modeling (TLM) approach to model the asynchronous handshake processes for data transfers in the CDMA NoC. A performance- estimation method which bases on timing back-annotation is also presented for exploring the CDMA NoC performance under different configurations in a fast and efficient way. Finally, the performance estimation results of the CDMA NoC with different configurations and traffic patterns are presented.","PeriodicalId":448673,"journal":{"name":"Norchip 2007","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132610094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}