Majdi Richa, Jean-Christophe Prévotet, Mickaël Dardaillon, M. Mroué, A. Samhat
{"title":"An Automated and Centralized Data Generation and Acquisition System","authors":"Majdi Richa, Jean-Christophe Prévotet, Mickaël Dardaillon, M. Mroué, A. Samhat","doi":"10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665490","url":null,"abstract":"Data Generation and Acquisition (DGA) has become a major requirement for data processing and subsequent information analysis, especially in data science, big data, and pattern recognition (which is a cornerstone of machine learning techniques). A synchronized hybrid data generation and acquisition system has major advantages over traditional counterparts given the mixed-mode nature of its input signals (digital and analog) being aligned with its output signals. The proposed DGA system, in addition to being hybrid and synchronous, is a single-board programmable, compact and fully automated open-source hardware/software instrumentation device. This paper details the design methodology, the hardware/software interface, the end-usage and the possible applications of the device. When high accuracy and consistent fidelity are key features of a specific pattern generation/acquisition system, bulky and expensive interconnected instruments become the main hiccup. The system we are presenting does not compromise between compactness, centralization and portability on one side and flexibility, accessibility and efficiency on the other side.","PeriodicalId":448558,"journal":{"name":"2021 28th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125101948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Vitolo, G. Licciardo, L. D. Benedetto, R. Liguori, A. Rubino, D. Pau
{"title":"Low-Power Anomaly Detection and Classification System based on a Partially Binarized Autoencoder for In-Sensor Computing","authors":"P. Vitolo, G. Licciardo, L. D. Benedetto, R. Liguori, A. Rubino, D. Pau","doi":"10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665479","url":null,"abstract":"This work proposes a new ultra low-power fault detection system, suitable for extreme edge or in-sensor computing. The system is composed of a hybrid HW/SW architecture: a hardware auto-encoder (AE) is always on at the edge for anomaly detection (AD), and of a software convolutional neural network (CNN) is activated only if the anomaly is detected for its classification. To achieve low area and energy requirements, the AE exploits an original partially binarization scheme, while the CNN shares the feature extraction module with the AE. The implementation of the AE on a Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA demonstrates that it is capable to manage in real-time sensors with a maximum Output Data Rate (ODR) of 365 kHz with a power dissipation of 122 mW. Best synthesis results with TSMC CMOS 65 nm standard cells show a power consumption of $138 mumathrm{W}/text{MHz}$ and an area occupation of 0.49 mm2 when real-time operations are set, enabling the possibility to integrate the complete HW accelerator in the auxiliary circuitry that typically equips inertial MEMS and on the same die. Comparisons with the current literature show that the proposed system obtains state-of-the-art performances in terms of accuracy and compactness.","PeriodicalId":448558,"journal":{"name":"2021 28th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125234608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FPGA Implementations of Espresso Stream Cipher","authors":"Gani Kumisbek, N. Anandakumar, Mohammad S. Hashmi","doi":"10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665568","url":null,"abstract":"Security of resource-constrained hardware devices, such as the devices in Internet of Things regime, must consider performance and area consumption metrics. One of the viable options for designing lightweight cryptography could be stream cipher. The stream ciphers are symmetric ciphers designed for resource-limited devices. In this paper, we implemented the Espresso stream cipher on the Xilinx Spartan-7 FPGA device. During our implementation, we considered four cases: basic implementation with a full-width input, serial implementation with an unpipelined (basic) algorithm, serial implementation with a pipelined algorithm, and parallel cases. According to the results received, the parallel version reached a throughput of 1778 Mbps and consumed 113 slices. The serial version with an unpipelined output had the least area consumption of 68 slices to achieve a throughput of 511 Mbps. Results of implemented design are then compared with other stream cipher implementations, namely, Grain, Trivium, and MICKEY. It is identified that, despite limited parallelization, the Espresso stream cipher has one of the lowest area consumption compared to other stream cipher implementations.","PeriodicalId":448558,"journal":{"name":"2021 28th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123867794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hybrid Fixed-point/Binary Convolutional Neural Network Accelerator for Real-time Tactile Processing","authors":"H. Younes, A. Ibrahim, M. Rizk, M. Valle","doi":"10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665586","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the architecture and the implementation for a hybrid fixed-point binary convolutional neural network (H-CNN) targeting tactile data processing application. H-CNN combines quantization and binarization operations to achieve a low computational complexity with an acceptable accuracy. When implemented on FPGA, H-CNN architecture achieved a real-time classification i.e. 0.8 ms while consuming 53 mW dynamic power. Compared to existing solutions, H-CNN offers a speedup of up to 6875× with 99.6% energy reduction while recording up to 7% increase in the classification accuracy of touch modalities.","PeriodicalId":448558,"journal":{"name":"2021 28th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131461384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Energy Efficient Multi-Rail Architecture for Stochastic Computing: A Bayesian Sensor Fusion Case Study","authors":"J. Belot, A. Cherkaoui, R. Laurent, L. Fesquet","doi":"10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665535","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, Stochastic Computing has sparked interest in Bayesian inference resolution for its promising efficiency in area and power consumption. This representation encodes values by the rate of bits at ‘1’ in a bit-stream. Still, in a sequential architecture, most of the energy cost is due to the long computation time required for achieving a satisfying accuracy. In this paper, we propose a multi-rail architecture for Bayesian sensor fusion problems based on a Shift Register Isolator and permutations in order to reduce the computation time and thus, the energy consumption, without a significant increase in area. Indeed, with this resource sharing strategy, we are able to reduce the energy consumption by up to 73% in return for an area overhead of 24%, while maintaining the computation accuracy.","PeriodicalId":448558,"journal":{"name":"2021 28th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"251 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134397726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Paul, Anur Dhungel, Maisha Sadia, Md Razuan Hossain, B. Muldrey, Md. Sakib Hasan
{"title":"Self-Parameterized Chaotic Map: A Hardware-efficient Scheme Providing Wide Chaotic Range","authors":"P. Paul, Anur Dhungel, Maisha Sadia, Md Razuan Hossain, B. Muldrey, Md. Sakib Hasan","doi":"10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665500","url":null,"abstract":"We present a general method called “self-parameterization” for designing one-dimensional (1-D) chaotic maps that provide wider chaotic regions than existing 1-D maps. A wide chaotic range is a desirable property as it strengthens the security feature by enlarging the design space in many hardware-security applications, including reconfigurable logic and encryption. The proposed self-parameterized scheme reduces the hardware cost by involving only one chaotic map that modulates its own control parameter at every iteration by passing the map's previous output through a simple linear transformation. The widening of chaotic range after adding self-parameterization is demonstrated on three classical map functions: logistic, tent, and sine. Two hardware-efficient self-parameterized schemes are presented: one for field-programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation and the other one for integrated circuit (IC) implementation. The chaotic performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated with bifurcation plots and three established chaotic entropy metrics including, Lyapunov exponent, correlation coefficient, and correlation dimension.","PeriodicalId":448558,"journal":{"name":"2021 28th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134254899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Hadi, Rida Gadhafi, Zayed Ahmad, Maryam Ahli, Ali Mohammed, Maher AlQassab, W. Mansoor
{"title":"Memristor Based Frequency Switching in Bandpass Filters","authors":"S. Hadi, Rida Gadhafi, Zayed Ahmad, Maryam Ahli, Ali Mohammed, Maher AlQassab, W. Mansoor","doi":"10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665525","url":null,"abstract":"Here we present a switchable bandpass filter (BPF) based on open loop resonators employing switching property of memristors. Memristor (MR) is a two state programmable non-volatile resistor, having small size and low power consumption. The proposed BPF utilizes MR placed at the open loop slit for switching between the open loop and closed loop characteristics. Memristor material analyzed here is HfO2, but proposed design can utilize any material with memristive properties. Electromagnetic simulations show that 3-loop resonator with highly resistive MR has two resonating modes, at ∼2.5 GHz and ∼7.7GHz. Once MR is switched to low resistance state, BPF has resonance frequency of a closed loop at ∼6.8 GHz. The proposed idea is validated with the help of electromagnetic and circuit simulations. Using MR as the switching element reduces the power needed for switching and the dimension of the resonator contributing to the development of compact filter designs.","PeriodicalId":448558,"journal":{"name":"2021 28th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"195 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115511333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samuele Fusetto, Elisabetta Moisello, F. Cannillo, P. Malcovati, E. Bonizzoni
{"title":"A Power Switch Size Optimization Strategy for Multi-Switch DC-DC Converters","authors":"Samuele Fusetto, Elisabetta Moisello, F. Cannillo, P. Malcovati, E. Bonizzoni","doi":"10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665603","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a strategy for optimizing power switch sizes in DC-DC converters, in order to maximize the power efficiency. The proposed strategy is particularly well suited for multi-switch topologies, which have become increasingly widespread in recent years. The effectiveness of the proposed optimization strategy is demonstrated for the case of a 3-level inverting buck-boost converter, which has been studied in detail considering various combinations of input voltage, output voltage and load current. The goodness of the model is verified by comparing the calculated efficiency results with the efficiency values obtained through Cadence Virtuoso simulations. The derived regression index between the calculated and simulated efficiency results exceeds 0.99 in most cases: the proposed model and optimization strategy, therefore, well match the simulation results.","PeriodicalId":448558,"journal":{"name":"2021 28th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115631484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shiza Shakeel, Nihal Afzal, Gul Hameed Khan, N. Khan, M. Abid, M. B. Altaf
{"title":"EDM: A multiclassification support system to identify seizure type using K Nearest Neighbor","authors":"Shiza Shakeel, Nihal Afzal, Gul Hameed Khan, N. Khan, M. Abid, M. B. Altaf","doi":"10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665565","url":null,"abstract":"Seizure type identification plays a pivotal part in the diagnosis and management of epileptic seizure disorder. Unfortunately, did not get much attention in past decades due to the unavailability of databases with seizure type marking. Seizure types not only assists the neurologist in deciding the correct drug and its dosage but precaution the epileptic patients about the seizure attack and its severity. In the recent past, a significant contribution has been made by applying machine and deep learning algorithms to the binary classification of generalized seizures. This work proposes and implements an early diagnostic and management (EDM) system to assist the neurologist in type identification (5-classes) of the seizure activity at run time and also features an interactive graphical user interface (GUI). In the GUI, temporal, spectral (along with source localization) and spatial plots can be viewed along with the seizure data classified based on its types. The system utilizes a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and k-nearest neighbour, (KNN) based on feature extraction and classification, respectively. The system is validated using 31 patients' recordings from Temple University Hospital (TUH) EEG Database. Our system achieves a 5-class classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 97.7%, 92.9%, and 98.7%, respectively, for patient-wise cross-validation.","PeriodicalId":448558,"journal":{"name":"2021 28th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123489759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Design Generator of Parametrizable and Runtime Configurable Constant False Alarm Rate Processors","authors":"Marija L. Petrovic, Vladimir M. Milovanović","doi":"10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs53924.2021.9665482","url":null,"abstract":"Constant false alarm rate (CFAR) algorithms are widely used in radar signal processing for object detection in cluttered and noisy environments and their fast hardware implementation is required in many of the real time applications. For that purpose, a parametrizable and runtime reconfigurable generator of CFAR detectors, featuring fully streaming I/O data interface, is captured inside Chisel hardware design language. Generator provides up to seven different CFAR algorithms available to choose from in compile time and throughout runtime configurability. Besides the algorithm choice, a wide range of settings, such as I/O data type and bit-widths, reference and guard window sizes, linear or logarithmic processing modes, edge handling methods, as well as some implementation specific parameters, are provided, hence enabling quick and efficient design space exploration. Several generator instances are tested and verified on a commercially-available FPGA board in conjunction with off-the-shelf radar transceivers thus proving that instances from the proposed peak detector generator can be effectively used whenever low latency processing performance is mandatory.","PeriodicalId":448558,"journal":{"name":"2021 28th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123595866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}