Hepatic Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Long-lasting remission in a metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma patient after combined regorafenib therapy and surgery.","authors":"Elisabetta Goio,&nbsp;Luca Ielasi,&nbsp;Francesca Benevento,&nbsp;Matteo Renzulli,&nbsp;Francesco Tovoli","doi":"10.2217/hep-2020-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/hep-2020-0014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The therapeutic scenario of systemic treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rapidly changing. There is much interest in the possibility of combining new therapies with surgery, but clinical data is lacking. We aimed to provide an example of such integration.</p><p><strong>Patients & methods: </strong>We report a patient with metastatic HCC who received regorafenib in the setting of the RESORCE trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A brilliant response led to a tumor downstaging and a subsequent adrenal metastasectomy with radical intent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>New agents will change the therapeutic perspectives in advanced HCC and lead to a higher rate of objective responses, with possibilities of associating systemic therapy and surgery. Thus, the management of HCC will require more and more of an integrated, multidisciplinary and personalized approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":"7 3","pages":"HEP24"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep-2020-0014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38246901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances of GOLM1 in hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Jiuliang Yan,&nbsp;Binghai Zhou,&nbsp;Hui Li,&nbsp;Lei Guo,&nbsp;Qinghai Ye","doi":"10.2217/hep-2020-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/hep-2020-0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common liver malignancies and is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Most HCC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage and current treatments show poor therapeutic efficacy. It is particularly urgent to explore early diagnosis methods and effective treatments of HCC. There are a growing number of studies that show GOLM1 is one of the most promising markers for early diagnosis and prognosis of HCC. It is also involved in immune regulation, activation and degradation of intracellular signaling factors and promotion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. GOLM1 can promote HCC progression and metastasis. The understanding of the GOLM1 regulation mechanism may provide new ideas for the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":"7 2","pages":"HEP22"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep-2020-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38144706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of liver transplantation: an interview with Pierre-Alain Clavien.","authors":"Pierre-Alain Clavien","doi":"10.2217/hep-2020-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/hep-2020-0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this interview, we catch up with <i>Hepatic Oncology</i> board member Pierre-Alain Clavien to discuss his involvement in the development of an integrated perfusion machine capable of preserving livers outside of the body for up to 1 week. The development could have huge implications for the future of liver transplantation as it is hoped it could allow more patients access to vital transplants.</p>","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":"7 2","pages":"HEP23"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep-2020-0021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38144707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HCC occurrence after DAA treatments: molecular tools to assess the post-treatment risk and surveillance.","authors":"Devis Pascut,&nbsp;Muhammad Yogi Pratama,&nbsp;Claudio Tiribelli","doi":"10.2217/hep-2020-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/hep-2020-0010","url":null,"abstract":"The perspective of hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapy has dramatically changed over the years after the introduction of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy, which increased the sustainable viral response rate (SVR) up to 90% with better tolerance and effectiveness in clinical practice as compared with interferon-based regimens [1]. However, despite the excellent efficacy and extensive studies, alarming reports from two retrospective studies, conducted in 2016 in Spain and Italy [2,3], suggested an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence and recurrence after DAA treatment in patients, triggering the debate on the safety profile of DAA and its correlation to HCC development. Nonetheless, some criticisms regarding the absence of control groups, sample size or short-follow-up periods have been raised in some studies. A meta-analysis conducted by Waziry et al. in 2017 estimated no significant HCC occurrence cases in both DAA-treated or interferon-treated patients following SVR [4]. Indeed, several reports underlined the efficacy of DAA in significantly reducing the risk of HCC in patients with SVR as compared with those with either treatment failure or no treatment [1,5,6]. However, what emerges from those studies is that the DAA-induced SVR reduces the risk of HCC occurrence, without eliminating it. This includes patients with other risk factors, such as age, gender and cirrhosis. In particular, patients with cirrhosis with long exposure to the virus, can still be considered at risk, even after the achievement of SVR. Hamdane et al. described how epigenetic alterations induced by chronic HCV infection persist even after viral clearance and were further associated with HCC risk [7]. Liver alteration was also evident in early studies conducted by Kono et al., observing sustained abnormal ALT and AFP levels, especially in F3–F4 patients (F3: severe fibrosis, characterized by fibrotic bridging across lobules, between portal areas and between portal areas and central veins; F4: cirrhosis), even after the achievement of SVR. Multivariate analysis identified pre-treatment low albumin levels and fibrosis 4 (FIB-4) index as independent predictive factors for the sustained AFP after SVR. At the same time, the fatty liver presence was associated with both sustained abnormal AFP and ALT levels after SVR [8] suggesting that the persistence of hepatocyte damage and regeneration mechanisms might lead to HCC development. The oxidative stress present in the fatty liver might also be responsible for DNA damage that foster carcinogenesis [8]. Confirming the results of Kono et al., Watanabe et al. identified FIB-4 index ≥4.0 and albumin ≤3.8 g/dl at the beginning of DAA treatment and a FIB-4 index ≥4.0 and AFP ≥6.0 at the end of DAA treatment as independent predictors for HCC occurrence [9]. Moreover, despite the correlation between HCC risk with fibrosis index, recent data suggested the presence of liver steatosis in HCV patients as a major predictor","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":"7 2","pages":"HEP21"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep-2020-0010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38144705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: from sorafenib to combination therapies.","authors":"Christoph Roderburg,&nbsp;Burcin Özdirik,&nbsp;Alexander Wree,&nbsp;Münevver Demir,&nbsp;Frank Tacke","doi":"10.2217/hep-2020-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/hep-2020-0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For almost a decade, systemic therapy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was limited to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) sorafenib. Different agents including checkpoint inhibitors, TKIs and anti-VEGFR antibodies demonstrated efficacy in treatment. For the first time, the combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab, a first-line treatment that is superior to the current standard was identified, potentially changing the way we treat HCC. In this review, we summarize current data on systemic treatment of patients with advanced HCC, focusing on combination therapies comprising immune checkpoint inhibitors, TKIs and locoregional therapies. We elucidate findings from recent trials and discuss such challenges as the lack of predictive biomarkers for identification of subgroups that will benefit from novel treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":"7 2","pages":"HEP20"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep-2020-0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38144704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic mesenchymal hamartoma and undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver: a pathologic review.","authors":"Sebastiao N Martins-Filho,&nbsp;Juan Putra","doi":"10.2217/hep-2020-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/hep-2020-0002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review highlights two rare entities that are predominantly seen in children: hepatic mesenchymal hamartoma (HMH) and undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver (UESL). HMH is a benign lesion predominantly seen in the first 2 years of life, while UESL is malignant and usually identified in patients between 6 and 10 years of age. UESL may arise in the background of HMH, and the association has been supported by similar chromosomal aberrations (19q13.4). The diagnosis of both lesions is primarily based on histologic evaluation, as the clinical and radiological features are not always typical. The clinicopathologic characteristics, pathogenesis, differential diagnoses and treatment for both lesions are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":"7 2","pages":"HEP19"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep-2020-0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38144702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Welcome to Volume 7 of <i>Hepatic Oncology</i>.","authors":"Caitlin Killen","doi":"10.2217/hep-2020-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/hep-2020-0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":"HEP14"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep-2020-0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37821476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient advocacy and the future of systemic therapies in liver cancer: an interview with Ghassan Abou-Alfa.","authors":"Ghassan Abou-Alfa","doi":"10.2217/hep-2020-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/hep-2020-0008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Discussing the importance of patient advocacy and the advancement of systemic therapies for the treatment of liver cancer, we catch up with <i>Hepatic Oncology's</i> latest editorial board member Ghassan Abou-Alfa.</p>","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":"HEP15"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep-2020-0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37821477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"JAK/STAT signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Justin Jit Hin Tang, Dexter Kai Hao Thng, Jhin Jieh Lim, Tan Boon Toh","doi":"10.2217/hep-2020-0001","DOIUrl":"10.2217/hep-2020-0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liver cancer is the second most lethal cancer in the world with limited treatment options. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which accounts for more than 80% of all liver cancers, has had increasing global incidence over the past few years. There is an urgent need for novel and better therapeutic intervention for HCC patients. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway plays a multitude of important biological functions in both normal and malignant cells. In a subset of HCC, JAK/STAT signaling is aberrantly activated, leading to dysregulation of downstream target genes that controls survival, angiogenesis, stemness, immune surveillance, invasion and metastasis. In this review, we will focus on the role of JAK/STAT signaling in HCC and discuss the current clinical status of several JAK/STAT inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":"HEP18"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep-2020-0001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37821480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the innate immune system in the development and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Christoph Roderburg,&nbsp;Alexander Wree,&nbsp;Münevver Demir,&nbsp;Moritz Schmelzle,&nbsp;Frank Tacke","doi":"10.2217/hep-2019-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/hep-2019-0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. Most patients present with advanced or metastatic HCC at diagnosis and face a dismal prognosis. Tyrosine kinases are the gold standard treatment for this disease but yield limited survival benefits. Immune checkpoint inhibitors that augment adaptive immunity have been tested in HCC. Complex interactions between tumor cells, lymphocytes and the tumor environment determine the efficacy of such immunotherapies. Innate immune mechanisms - known drivers of liver disease progression in pre-HCC conditions such as fibrosis or cirrhosis - may either support or counteract tumor-related immune activation. In this review, we will highlight current concepts of the role of the innate immune system in hepatocarcinogenesis and discuss their relevance for translation into clinics.</p>","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":"HEP17"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep-2019-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37821479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}