Hepatic Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Progression of systemic chemotherapy with oxaliplatin-containing regimens for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in China.","authors":"Shukui Qin,&nbsp;Xinlei Gong","doi":"10.2217/hep.15.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/hep.15.42","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) characterized by insidious onset is a highly invasive malignance and has a rapid progress. The majority of patients, especially in Asian countries, present with locally advanced or distant metastatic disease at diagnosis and are not eligible for local treatment. Before the publication of the EACH study results showing the survival benefits of the FOLFOX 4 regimen in Chinese patients with advanced HCC, no chemotherapeutical drug or regimen was considered as systemic chemotherapy standard for this group of patients due to the lack of evidence-based recommendations. Oxaliplatin-containing regimens have shown clinical activity against advanced HCC with an acceptable safety profile. The aim of this article is to present a review of the scientific evidence mainly originating from China that supports the recommendation of oxaliplatin-based regimens for the treatment of Chinese patients with advanced HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep.15.42","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36471083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selected summary for the 2015 Asia-Pacific Primary Liver Cancer Expert Meeting (APPLE).","authors":"Augusto Villanueva","doi":"10.2217/hep.15.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/hep.15.37","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liver cancer is now ranked second in terms of cancer-related mortality worldwide; with limited treatment options for patients at advanced stages it remains a growing health problem. All Phase III clinical trials testing molecular therapies after sorafenib have so far failed, and there is still not a validated oncogene addiction loop. Despite the present huge challenges, advancements in the recent years have been remarkable. The Asia-Pacific Primary Liver Cancer Expert Meeting (APPLE) was designed to promote scientific exchanges of international and regional experts in the study and management of liver cancer. Over the years it has consolidated as a major resource to provide a thorough update to clinicians and researchers located in the Asia-Pacific region in different aspects of liver cancer. Attendance at these meetings is exceptional, with an average of 1000 attendees at each conference. As predicted, the 2015 edition provided an outstanding overview of the latest developments in the clinical management and molecular pathogenesis of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep.15.37","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36471144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of doxorubicin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Josiah Cox, S. Weinman","doi":"10.2217/HEP.15.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/HEP.15.41","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, one of the most common solid tumors worldwide, is poorly responsive to available chemotherapeutic approaches. While systemic chemotherapy is of limited benefit, intra-arterial delivery of doxorubicin to the tumor frequently produces tumor shrinkage. Its utility is limited, in part, by the frequent emergence of doxorubicin resistance. The mechanisms of this resistance include increased expression of multidrug resistance efflux pumps, alterations of the drug target, topoisomerase, and modulation of programmed cell death pathways. Many of these effects result from changes in miRNA expression and are particularly prominent in tumor cells with a stem cell phenotype. This review will summarize the current knowledge on the mechanisms of doxorubicin resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma and the potential for approaches toward therapeutic chemosensitization.","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/HEP.15.41","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68215380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma: the role of transarterial therapy.","authors":"F. Chegai, A. Orlacchio, S. Merolla, S. Monti, L. Mannelli","doi":"10.2217/HEP.15.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/HEP.15.32","url":null,"abstract":"According to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer, the recommended first-line treatment for patients with intermediate stage of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is transarterial chemoembolization. Patients with intermediate stage of HCC represent 20% with a 2-year survival of approximately 50%. Nowadays, transarterial therapies have proved precious in the treatment of hepatic malignancies. During the last years, there were important developments in practiced transarterial therapies and their efficacy is still controversial. The purpose of this review is to discuss in further details these transarterial therapies that have been used to treat cases of HCC.","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/HEP.15.32","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68215329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of ablation: should it be used as primary therapy for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma?","authors":"Maurizio Pompili,&nbsp;Giampiero Francica","doi":"10.2217/hep.15.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/hep.15.21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep.15.21","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36471138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA methylation in hepatocellular carcinoma: what is the use?","authors":"Jeroen Dekervel,&nbsp;Jos van Pelt,&nbsp;Chris Verslype","doi":"10.2217/hep.15.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/hep.15.22","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven & Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium *Author for correspondence: jeroen.dekervel@med.kuleuven.be Epigenetics are heritable changes in gene expression that occur without changes in DNA sequence [1]. In this editorial we will focus on DNA methylation, the most studied form of epigenetic regulation in cancers of the liver. DNA methylation usually takes place at 5 position of the cytosine ring (resulting in 5mC) within CpG dinucleotides. These dinucleotides are relatively rare and unequally distributed throughout the genome. For example, 60% of human genes have a cluster of CpGs or so called ‘CpG island (CGI)’ in their regulatory region [2]. Methylation of a CGI results in transcriptional silencing of the associated gene. Other genomic regions with high CpG density include repetitive genomic sequences such as centromeres where DNA methylation guards chromosome stability. In a differentiated human cell, CpG islands are mostly unmethylated facilitating expression of the associated gene, whereas the baseline methylation of repetitive sequences prevents mitotic recombinations such as deletions or translocations [3]. DNA methylation, a process catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases, occurs nearly always symmetrical in both the top and bottom strands [4]. This enables propagation of methylation across cell divisions conform the heritable nature of epigenetics as stated in the definition. More recently, it has become clear that DNA undergoes active demethylation as well, regulated by the ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of proteins. These enzymes produce an intermediate, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine or 5hmC, which ultimately leads to unmethylated cytosine [5].","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep.15.22","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36468089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of intraoperative ultrasonography on the management of disappearing colorectal liver metastases.","authors":"Felice Giuliante,&nbsp;Elena Panettieri,&nbsp;Francesco Ardito","doi":"10.2217/hep.15.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/hep.15.29","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Agostino Gemelli Hospital, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Largo Agostino Gemelli, 8-I-00168 Rome, Italy *Author for correspondence: Tel.: +39 063 015 4967; Fax: +39 063 058 586; fgiuliante@rm.unicatt.it","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep.15.29","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36468090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic stem cells and cancers: a pathologist's view.","authors":"Neil D Theise","doi":"10.2217/hep.15.25","DOIUrl":"10.2217/hep.15.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Neil Theise speaks to Georgia Patey, Commissioning Editor:</b> Neil Theise is a diagnostic liver pathologist, adult stem cell researcher and complexity theorist in New York City, where he is a Professor of Pathology at the Mount Sinai Beth Israel Medical Center of Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. He received his medical degree from Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, where he also received his training in Anatomic Pathology. Subspecialty training was pursued in gastrointestinal (NYU), liver (Royal Free Hospital) and liver transplant (Mount Sinai, NYC) pathology. His earliest research focus was on defining the premalignant dysplastic nodules in human chronic liver disease. He revised understandings of human liver microanatomy, which in turn, led directly to identification of possible liver stem cell niches and the marrow-to-liver regeneration pathway. He is considered a pioneer of multiorgan adult stem cell plasticity. His publications on these topics in model systems and human liver stem cells have been highlighted on a record five covers of <i>Hepatology</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep.15.25","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36468091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radioembolization as an adjunct therapy to the resection of liver tumors.","authors":"Mercedes Iñarrairaegui,&nbsp;Bruno Sangro","doi":"10.2217/hep.15.23","DOIUrl":"10.2217/hep.15.23","url":null,"abstract":"Liver Unit at Clinica Universidad de Navarra, CIBEREHD, & Navarra Institute for Health Research, Avda. Pio XII 36, 31008 Pamplona, Spain *Author for correspondence: Tel.: +34 948 296 637; Fax: +34 948 296 500; bsangro@unav.es Radioembolization (RE) is a form of brachytherapy in which radioactive microspheres labeled with Yttrium 90 – a pure b emitter – are injected into the hepatic arteries to provide selective internal radiation of liver tumors due to their preferentially arterial blood supply [1]. Depending on the artery in which the microspheres are injected, RE may be performed selectively, lobarly or as a whole-liver treatment. Over the last 10 years, RE has been increasingly used as a locoregional therapy in those situations where the liver harbors all or most tumor burden, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver metastasis from colorectal cancer (lmCRC) or other tumors. Resection of liver cancer is mainly restricted by the quantity and quality of the future liver remnant (FLR). Quality depends on the presence of an underlying liver damage (hepatitis or cirrhosis for HCC, chemotherapy-induced liver damage for lmCRC), while quantity depends on the size and location of tumor lesions. RE was initially considered only as rescue therapy for patients that had exhausted all possible therapies, including advanced stage HCC with vascular invasion or highburden intermediate stage HCC unlikely to benefit from chemoembolization [2], and chemorefractory CRC liver metastasis treated as third line or beyond [3]. In fact, surgeons in multidisciplinary team discussions were usually not in favor of considering RE for patients with potentially resectable liver tumors. Reasons included but were not limited to a potential risk of more frequent postoperative complications derived from liver irradiation (technical complications) or reduced liver functional reserve (subclinical toxicity). In the last few years we have nevertheless gained a better understanding of the biological effects of RE in the tumor and nontumor liver tissue, and the potential of RE as an adjunctive therapy to resection of liver cancer has become a matter of interest that is worth being examined. “Over the last 10 years, radioembolization has been increasingly used as a locoregional therapy in those situations where the liver harbors all or most tumor burden, such as hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastasis from colorectal cancer or other tumors.”","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/hep.15.23","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36468092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-generation sequencing and personalized genomic medicine in hepatobiliary malignancies.","authors":"Arturo Loaiza-Bonilla, Emma E Furth, Jennifer Jd Morrissette","doi":"10.2217/hep.15.20","DOIUrl":"10.2217/hep.15.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liver cancer is a heterogeneous group of tumors characterized by significant molecular and genomic heterogeneity. The advent of powerful genomic technologies has allowed detection of recurrent somatic alterations in liver cancer, including mutations, copy number alterations as well as changes in transcriptomes and epigenomes, with the potential to translate these data into clinically relevant predictive and prognostic factors. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the application of high-throughput genomic technologies in liver cancer and the integration of such cancer genome profiling data, highlighting specific relevant subgroups and explain how this knowledge can be used in translational clinical research, 'basket trials', molecular tumor boards, targeted therapy and for personalized genomic medicine applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":44854,"journal":{"name":"Hepatic Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6095428/pdf/hep-02-359.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36471141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}