EuroChoices最新文献

{"title":"Exploring Sustainability Implications of Transitions to Agroecology: a Transdisciplinary Perspective\u0000 Explorer les implications des transitions vers l'agroécologie pour la durabilité : une perspective transdisciplinaire\u0000 Auswirkungen des Agrarökologischen Wandels auf die Nachhaltigkeit: eine transdisziplinäre Sichtweise","authors":"Gerald Schwarz,&nbsp;Francesco Vanni,&nbsp;David Miller,&nbsp;Janne Helin,&nbsp;Jaroslav Pražan,&nbsp;Fabrizio Albanito,&nbsp;Mihaela Fratila,&nbsp;Francesco Galioto,&nbsp;Oriana Gava,&nbsp;Katherine Irvine,&nbsp;Jan Landert,&nbsp;Alba Linares Quero,&nbsp;Andreas Mayer,&nbsp;Daniel Monteleone,&nbsp;Adrian Muller,&nbsp;Elin Röös,&nbsp;Alexandra Smyrniotopoulou,&nbsp;Audrey Vincent,&nbsp;George Vlahos,&nbsp;Andis Zīlāns","doi":"10.1111/1746-692X.12377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1746-692X.12377","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Successful transitions to agroecology require shared understanding of the sustainability implications of transitions for food systems. To gain such understanding, a transdisciplinary approach is increasingly called for by funders, end users of research and scientists. Transdisciplinary processes were used in the UNISECO project to develop strategic pathways that enable transitions to agroecology in case studies across Europe. These strategic pathways were combined with scenarios of EU food systems in 2050, in which combinations of agroecological farming and food consumption practices were assessed. These were then reviewed considering selected UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a reference for discussing the sustainability implications of transitions to agroecology. Sustainability implications were identified for several SDGs including Zero Hunger (SDG 2), Quality Education (SDG 4), Responsible Consumption and Production (SDG 12), Climate Action (SDG 13) and Life on Land (SDG 15). Key factors contributing to the sustainability of transitions to agroecology are: i) mature social capital and improved farmer knowledge of the benefits of agroecological practices; ii) strengthened collaborative actions and collective institutions to increase negotiating power within the value-chain; and, iii) changes in consumer behaviour and diets. These factors highlight the need for a food system perspective in transitions to agroecology and supporting policies. This in turn highlights the meaningful role of transdisciplinary research in strengthening the sustainability of European food systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":44823,"journal":{"name":"EuroChoices","volume":"21 3","pages":"37-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1746-692X.12377","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71983623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Scaling up Agroecology on the Sustainability of European Agriculture in 2050\u0000 Les impacts du développement de l'agroécologie sur la durabilité de l'agriculture européenne en 2050\u0000 Die Auswirkungen einer großflächigen Verbreitung von agrarökologischen Maßnahmen auf die Nachhaltigkeit der europäischen Landwirtschaft im Jahr 2050","authors":"Andreas Mayer,&nbsp;Gerald Kalt,&nbsp;Lisa Kaufmann,&nbsp;Elin Röös,&nbsp;Adrian Muller,&nbsp;Rainer Weisshaidinger,&nbsp;Anita Frehner,&nbsp;Nicolas Roux,&nbsp;Pete Smith,&nbsp;Michaela C. Theurl,&nbsp;Sarah Matej,&nbsp;Karlheinz Erb","doi":"10.1111/1746-692X.12373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1746-692X.12373","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The European Commission recently embraced the concept of agroecology as a pathway to reduce negative impacts from agri-food systems on the environment. So far, it remains unclear whether agroecology can deliver on these high hopes if implemented on a large scale. We here assess socio-economic and environmental implications of multiple agroecological futures in the European Union in 2050, based on a novel diagnostic scenario approach, i.e. the biomass balancing model BioBaM-GHG 2.0. We find that agroecological measures from the plot to the food systems level can indeed reduce environmental pressures while maintaining domestic food availability within the EU. Such measures are, for example, more hedgerows on croplands or reduced biomass harvest on high natural value – HNV grasslands. However, a key prerequisite is an overall reduction of the food system's size (based on the reduction of animal production, food wastes, and export production) and an optimised crop-livestock integration. Only then does the transformation towards an agroecological agri-food system in the EU not risk overstretching domestic land availability or produce insufficient agricultural commodities. Mitigating the accompanied trade-off of reduced farm income is a central mandate for policy development aimed at re-designing agriculture in Europe to align with the Green Deal goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":44823,"journal":{"name":"EuroChoices","volume":"21 3","pages":"27-36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1746-692X.12373","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71978064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing the Contributions of European Stakeholders in Farming Systems to Transitions to Agroecology\u0000 Promouvoir la contribution aux transitions vers l'agroécologie des acteurs européens des systèmes agricoles\u0000 Förderung der Beiträge von europäischen Beteiligten der landwirtschaftlichen Systeme zum Übergang zur Agrarökologie","authors":"Katarzyna Zawalińska,&nbsp;Alexandra Smyrniotopoulou,&nbsp;Katalin Balazs,&nbsp;Michael Böhm,&nbsp;Mihai Chitea,&nbsp;Violeta Florian,&nbsp;Mihaela Fratila,&nbsp;Piotr Gradziuk,&nbsp;Stuart Henderson,&nbsp;Katherine Irvine,&nbsp;Vasilia Konstantidelli,&nbsp;Vitaliy Krupin,&nbsp;Laure Latruffe,&nbsp;Elvyra Mikšytė,&nbsp;David Miller,&nbsp;Daniel Monteleone,&nbsp;Marcus Polaschegg,&nbsp;Gerald Schwarz,&nbsp;Joseph Tzanopoulos,&nbsp;Irene Tzouramani,&nbsp;George Vlahos,&nbsp;Adrianna Wojciechowska","doi":"10.1111/1746-692X.12378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1746-692X.12378","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The concept of a ‘just transition’ is gaining traction in international policy discourses. It has particular significance in relation to achieving net zero greenhouse gas emissions and the need for ensuring rights and responsibilities of all actors in transitions to agroecological farming systems. Research plays an important role in accompanying this transformation. It explores pathways for more sustainable and fair food systems, barriers to them being achieved, and where and what risks arise for communities of interest and of place. Researchers and practitioners across levels and sectors were brought together in H2020 projects LIFT and UNISECO using processes of stakeholder engagement. Both projects analysed the perceptions of actors towards agroecological farming, and their active involvement in the transitions required. This article summarises lessons learnt regarding multi-actor engagement in different participatory settings in both projects, including a Multi-Actor Platform approach, Q method, DELPHI and Hybrid forum workshops. The interactions involved several hundred actors from 18 countries across Europe. The article reflects on implications of the Covid-19 pandemic on the processes and effectiveness of multi-actor engagement, and assessments of the impacts on the empowerment of the actors. The findings are contextualised by contemporary European Union and national policy objectives of tackling climate change, the loss of biodiversity, and inequalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":44823,"journal":{"name":"EuroChoices","volume":"21 3","pages":"50-63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1746-692X.12378","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71983622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policy Instruments to Support Agroecological Transitions in Europe\u0000 Des instruments de politique pour accompagner les transitions agroécologiques en Europe\u0000 Politische Instrumente zur Unterstützung des agrarökologischen Wandels in Europa","authors":"Oriana Gava,&nbsp;Andrea Povellato,&nbsp;Francesco Galioto,&nbsp;Jaroslav Pražan,&nbsp;Gerald Schwarz,&nbsp;Alba Linares Quero,&nbsp;Uxue Yoldi Iragui,&nbsp;Carlos Astrain Massa,&nbsp;Andis Zīlāns,&nbsp;Johannes Carolus","doi":"10.1111/1746-692X.12367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1746-692X.12367","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Agroecological transitions have the potential to deliver multiple environmental and social benefits. However socio-economic barriers have prevented those transitions in many European contexts. This article aims to inform policymakers about policy instruments that can foster agroecological transitions in Europe, especially by removing key socio-economic barriers. A multi-step methodology was carried out over a two-year period in 15 case studies across Europe. The case studies represent farming systems that are in the process of initiating or enhancing the transition. Data collection relied on a participatory process, involving a variety of transdisciplinary actors. Study findings identify three major themes of barriers to agroecological transitions, namely <i>actor capacity</i>, <i>value chain</i> and <i>policy</i>. To address these barriers, policy instruments should consider the farming system’s stage in the transition pathway to take account of the different priorities of local actors. At the stage of initiating the transition, removing the barriers requires improvements in knowledge delivery mechanisms by strengthening advisory services and reducing decision-makers’ uncertainty. At the stage of enhancing the transition, a focus on social capital is needed, for example by strengthening networking and cooperation measures. Generally, more attention towards state interventions which support the transitions to agroecology is needed, such as developing new voluntary agroecology certification schemes and public procurement initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":44823,"journal":{"name":"EuroChoices","volume":"21 3","pages":"13-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1746-692X.12367","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71956343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policy Instruments to Support Agroecological Transitions in Europe","authors":"Oriana Gava, A. Povellato, F. Galioto, J. Pražan, G. Schwarz, Alba Linares Quero, U. Iragui, C. Massa, A. Zīlāns, Johannes Carolus","doi":"10.1111/1746-692x.12367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1746-692x.12367","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44823,"journal":{"name":"EuroChoices","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49111879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects for Agroecology in Europe\u0000 Perspectives de l'agroécologie en Europe\u0000 Perspektiven für die Agrarökologie in Europa","authors":"Alan Matthews","doi":"10.1111/1746-692X.12376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1746-692X.12376","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Agroecology is not a new concept. Its rising prominence, however, is linked to greater societal awareness of environmental pressures associated with agricultural practices, a decline in the number of farmers, the growing market power of major corporate businesses, and links between ill-health and patterns of food consumption. In this context, agroecology is proposed as an alternative and sustainable model for agricultural production and for organising food systems. However, the uptake of agroecological practices in Europe is low. Fewer than 3 per cent of all farms have been defined as agroecological by achieving a pre-determined threshold on all five of key management principles. Economic viability, specifically the return to labour, will be a key factor in determining the attractiveness of agroecological practices to farmers and ultimately the farming system chosen. If current market conditions and economic incentives prove to be insufficient to promote the uptake of agroecological practices, then the associated non-market or social benefits may be key in generating appropriate rewards to farmers adopting these systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":44823,"journal":{"name":"EuroChoices","volume":"21 3","pages":"80-83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1746-692X.12376","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71944736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uptake of Ecological Farming Practices by EU Farms: A Pan-European Typology\u0000 L’adoption de pratiques agricoles écologiques dans les exploitations de l’Union européenne : une typologie paneuropéenne\u0000 Die Anwendung ökologischer Anbaumethoden in EU-Betrieben: Eine pan-europäische Typologie","authors":"Carlo Rega,&nbsp;Bethan Thompson,&nbsp;Andreas Niedermayr,&nbsp;Yann Desjeux,&nbsp;Jochen Kantelhardt,&nbsp;Riccardo D’Alberto,&nbsp;Penelope Gouta,&nbsp;Vasilia Konstantidelli,&nbsp;Lena Schaller,&nbsp;Laure Latruffe,&nbsp;Maria Luisa Paracchini","doi":"10.1111/1746-692X.12368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1746-692X.12368","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding and measuring the sustainability of farms is key to evaluating progress towards policy goals for a more sustainable agriculture. In the LIFT project, a farm typology was developed to classify farms according to their ecological performance, based on farm-level variables from the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN). Selected variables are used to assess three key ecological dimensions of farming: total input intensity; degree of circularity (reliance on own-produced versus external inputs); and avoidance of the use of specific inputs of concern for the environment and consumers. The combination of these aspects is considered as a measure of the farm proximity to a full agroecological approach. The typology allows comparison of farms across farm types, countries and years. We briefly present the method and discuss two key aspects: 1) how the proposed farm typology can inform policymaking in the context of a new EU policy framework; 2) how it can inform the foreseen transformation of the FADN into a Farm Sustainability Data Network (FSDN). We suggest that the use of a typology approach under the new FSDN provides useful information on the impacts of the implementation of agroecological practices with an acceptable additional effort in terms of data collection.</p>","PeriodicalId":44823,"journal":{"name":"EuroChoices","volume":"21 3","pages":"64-71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1746-692X.12368","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71944737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"European Farmer Perspectives and their Adoption of Ecological Practices\u0000 Points de vue des agriculteurs européens et adoption de pratiques écologiques\u0000 Perspektiven der europäischen Landwirte und Landwirtinnen und die Anwendung ökologischer Wirtschaftsweisen","authors":"Andrew Barnes,&nbsp;Helena Hansson,&nbsp;Larissa Billaudet,&nbsp;Gaëlle Leduc,&nbsp;Gordana Manevska Tasevska,&nbsp;Mary Ryan,&nbsp;Bethan Thompson,&nbsp;Luiza Toma,&nbsp;Sabine Duvaleix-Tréguer,&nbsp;Irene Tzouramani","doi":"10.1111/1746-692X.12371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1746-692X.12371","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Delivering an agricultural policy which meets ecosystem and climatic pressures and addresses weaknesses in our current food system presents complex challenges for food producers. Adoption of ecological practices will reduce the dependence on imports into the farm and is one way to meet some of these policy ambitions. Understanding why farmers do or don’t adopt these practices is key to enabling this transition. This study outlines a series of investigations into the key barriers, values and perceptions towards ecological practice adoption across European farming.</p><p>We find that personal, technical and institutional forces influence the adoption of more sustainable practices but these forces have varying levels of influence. The tensions between environmental, compared to purely production orientated motivations, may be a key barrier to ecological practice adoption. We also find a strong influence of commodity supply chains which may either encourage or limit adoption of these approaches. Promoting efforts for co-ordinated approaches between the public and private sectors may mitigate some of the dissonance in messaging towards these practices and alleviate these tensions. We also identify a great deal of heterogeneity within the European farming community and argue for a more targeted approach that would encourage adoption of ecological approaches and promote the scaling up of these practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":44823,"journal":{"name":"EuroChoices","volume":"21 3","pages":"5-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1746-692X.12371","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71947625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"European Farmer Perspectives and their Adoption of Ecological Practices","authors":"A. Barnes, H. Hansson, Larissa Billaudet, G. Leduc, G. Tasevska, M. Ryan, B. Thompson, L. Toma, Sabine Duvaleix-Tréguer, I. Tzouramani","doi":"10.1111/1746-692x.12371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1746-692x.12371","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44823,"journal":{"name":"EuroChoices","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47166296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Does Ecological Farming Mean for Farm Labour?","authors":"S. Davidova, N. Hostiou, M. Alebaki, A. Bailey, Z. Bakucs, Julie Duval, Penelope Gouta, Stuart Henderson, A. Jacquot, P. Jeanneaux, Błażej Jendrzejewski, Kevin Kilcline, Vasilia Konstantidelli, Philip Kostov, L. Latruffe, L. Schaller, Kato Van Ruymbeke, L. Védrine, J. Veslot, L. Vranken, P. Walder","doi":"10.1111/1746-692x.12366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1746-692x.12366","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44823,"journal":{"name":"EuroChoices","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47535462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}