{"title":"Dynamic Testing and Compensation for Marine Temperature Sensors Based on Fireworks Algorithm","authors":"Shiqiang Zhang;Zengxing Zhang;Yonghua Wang;Yuzhen Guo;Junmin Jing;Bin Yao;Jianwei Liu;Meng Li;Yanan Qiao;Danfeng Cui;Chenyang Xue","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3552965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3552965","url":null,"abstract":"Packaged temperature sensors exhibit significant thermal hysteresis effects, which directly impact their dynamic performance and accuracy during rapid temperature variations in marine environments. This article focuses on platinum resistance thermometers (PRTs), which are commonly used in oceanic applications, and a dynamic testing method was proposed that employs temperature step excitation within a fully liquid environment, along with a full range dynamic error compensation approach based on the fireworks algorithm (FWA). Initially, a dynamic testing system was developed, and its testing repeatability was verified. Subsequently, a sample database for PRTs at various temperature steps was created. By optimizing the fitness function, the FWA was utilized on the sample database during the iterative process to design a dynamic error compensation filter. The resulting compensation filter demonstrated enhanced universality across various temperature step sizes within the sensor measurement range. Through the filter’s compensation, the rise time of the packaged PRT was reduced from an average of 477–121 ms within the measurement range. Furthermore, the dynamic response characteristics of the packaged PRT closely resembled those of the bare PRT. The dynamic testing method, which simulates heat transfer in real-world scenarios, in conjunction with the dynamic compensation method introduced in this article, can also be employed to achieve dynamic compensation for sensors operating under diverse testing principles.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 9","pages":"14696-14708"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Ultrahigh-Linearity MOEMS Accelerometer Based on a Self-Traceable Grating Interferometer","authors":"Zhikun Chang;Song Song;Pengfei Niu;Guangxu Xiao;Zichao Lin;Chunling He;Xiao Deng;Dongbai Xue;Yuying Xie;Xinbin Cheng;Tongbao Li","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3551274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3551274","url":null,"abstract":"The linearity of the accelerometer directly affects its measurement accuracy and applicability, making it a key metric in the development of high-performance accelerometers. In response, this article proposes an ultrahigh-linearity MOEMS accelerometer based on a self-traceable grating (STG) interferometer. The accelerometer integrates an MEMS resonator with an STG interferometer based on chromium (Cr) atom transition frequency<sup>7</sup>S<inline-formula> <tex-math>${}_{{3}}to {}^{{7}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> P<sub>4</sub>, enabling direct traceability of displacement to the International System of Units (SI) “meter.” Specifically, the average pitch of the Cr grating used is (212.781 ± 0.008) nm (<inline-formula> <tex-math>${k} = 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), showing outstanding uniformity and long-term stability. Furthermore, the compact interferometer design gives it an overall size of just <inline-formula> <tex-math>$7.5times 7.5times 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm, facilitating portable measurements in practical applications. Experimental results show that the accelerometer achieves ultrahigh performance with a nonlinearity of 0.04%. The device also demonstrates a sensitivity of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$13.77~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m/g within a measurement range of ±1.6 g, with a noise floor of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$9.6times 10^{text {-7}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> g/<inline-formula> <tex-math>$surd $ </tex-math></inline-formula>Hz. The integration of STG technology with the MEMS resonator offers a scalable solution for high precision, field-deployable accelerometer measurements, greatly improving measurement linearity and traceability.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 9","pages":"15914-15922"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transition Metal Atoms Modified Ge-Vacancy and Perfect GeSe Monolayers for SF6 Decomposition Gases Detection and Scavenging","authors":"Caixia Guo;Tianxing Wang","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3550530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3550530","url":null,"abstract":"To develop a semiconductor type sensor for monitoring and scavenging the SF<sub>6</sub> decomposition gas (SO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S, and SOF<sub>2</sub>), the systematical study on adsorption properties and transport properties of transition metal (TM) atom decorated GeSe monolayers with and without Ge-vacancy are deployed based on density functional theory (DFT). The numerical results demonstrate that replacing one Ge atom in GeSe monolayer with TM (Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co) still retain its semiconducting natures, but its band gap is narrowed. In contrast, the band gaps of Mn-, Fe-, and Co-decorated perfect GeSe would gradually disappear with the increasing of doping concentration. The same dopant in the Ge-vacancy surface transfer more electron to GeSe monolayer than that in perfect case, while the TM-modified perfect GeSe monolayers exhibit greater adsorption capability and the stronger chemical interaction toward SO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S, and SOF<sub>2</sub>. Further, the recovery time of 1.82 s and the larger change in band gap demonstrate that Cr-replaced GeSe monolayer can be as a reusable SOF<sub>2</sub> sensor at room temperature. The Cr- and Fe-replaced GeSe monolayers have excellent sensitivity for SO<sub>2</sub> detection, and the Mn-replaced configuration only can detect H<sub>2</sub>S molecule. The sensitivity of Cr-decorated perfect GeSe toward SO<sub>2</sub> superior to H<sub>2</sub>S as semiconductor type gas sensor. In contrast, The remarkable molecular deformation and strong chemical reaction verify the potential of Cr- and Mn-decorated perfect monolayer as gas scavenger for removing H<sub>2</sub>S and SOF<sub>2</sub>. The data provides the basis for the design of SF<sub>6</sub> decomposition gas sensor and sweeper based on GeSe monolayer by two types of TM decoration methods.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 9","pages":"14658-14667"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chaoge Wang;Xinyu Tian;Funa Zhou;Ran Wang;Hongkun Li
{"title":"Incipient Fault Identification of Bearings in Electric Drive System Under Varying Speeds Based on Adaptive Feature Mode Decomposition","authors":"Chaoge Wang;Xinyu Tian;Funa Zhou;Ran Wang;Hongkun Li","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3532489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3532489","url":null,"abstract":"Rolling bearings constitute a core component in the electric drive system of electric vehicles, and their health status is crucial for the safe operation of these vehicles. Therefore, effective condition monitoring and fault detection for bearings is of paramount importance. However, under variable operating conditions, the incipient weak fault signatures of bearings are prone to be masked by intense noise, significantly increasing the challenge of fault identification. To tackle this issue, an adaptive feature mode decomposition (AFMD) approach is introduced for diagnosing incipient weak fault in bearings under variable operating conditions. First, the instantaneous rotational frequency is extracted from the motor stator current signal. Subsequently, angular domain resampling is performed on the synchronously sampled vibration signal. Second, to overcome the lack of adaptability in determining the key input parameters of the FMD algorithm, which typically relies on repeated manual trials based on experience, this research proposes determining the number of decomposition modes through scale-space spectral segmentation. On this basis, the spectral Gini index (SGI) is adopted as the objective function, and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) is utilized to automatically ascertain the filter number and filter length. With the optimal decomposition parameter combination, the AFMD is employed to perform optimal mode decomposition on the obtained angular domain bearing signal, and the component exhibiting the highest SGI value is chosen as the sensitive mode. Finally, significant fault characteristic orders are extracted from the envelope order spectrum (EOS) of the sensitive component to accurately identify the fault type. The efficacy and superiority of the proposed methodology are confirmed through variable-speed simulated bearing signal, experimental data, and actual electric vehicle bearing diagnosis cases. The analysis demonstrates that the proposed approach can clearly and comprehensively capture weak fault information even under significant background noise interference, thereby enhancing the representation ability and diagnostic accuracy of early fault characteristics in bearings under variable-speed conditions.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 9","pages":"15975-15995"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunzhe Han;Jianqian Li;Shengkang Lu;Ping Yang;Jin Zhang;Zhengyin Yu;Jiawen Yin;Qinghui Jin
{"title":"Batch Microfabrication of Boron-Doped Diamond-Based Microsensor for Seconds Level Measurement of Dual Parameters of Chemical Oxygen Demand and Conductivity in Tap Water","authors":"Yunzhe Han;Jianqian Li;Shengkang Lu;Ping Yang;Jin Zhang;Zhengyin Yu;Jiawen Yin;Qinghui Jin","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3551596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3551596","url":null,"abstract":"With increasing concern about water safety, particularly the impact of tap water quality on human health, there is an urgent need for a biologically safe, multiparameter microsensor for rapid, online monitoring of tap water quality. This work reports on a batch fabricable miniature sensor based on microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology for rapid detection of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and conductivity in tap water. The sensor is a silicon-glass structure comprising a boron-doped diamond (BDD) working electrode with biosafety properties. Three electrodes are integrated into the silicon wafer for the detection of COD, two of which can also be constructed as a conductivity sensing unit. Additionally, a microchamber is integrated into the glass. The excellent linearity (0.992 for COD and 0.996 for conductivity) and ideal detection range of the sensor (5–150 mgL<sub>-1</sub> for COD and 98–<inline-formula> <tex-math>$890~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>S cm<sub>-1</sub> for conductivity) are witnessed after a systematic performance investigation, and a satisfactory response time (2 s) was obtained by using a microchamber as the detection unit. As the sensors were prepared in a batch using the MEMS, the response of multiple sensors was verified through experimentation and found to be in good agreement. Furthermore, the impact of conductivity on the detection of COD was examined. In this article, a miniature (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$12times 12$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm), low-cost, biologically safe dual-parameter sensor for COD and conductivity has been designed and prepared using the MEMS. It provides a core sensor component for online monitoring of multiple parameters in tap water.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 9","pages":"14606-14616"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Resonant Pressure Sensor Based on Wedge-Shaped Comb Excitations","authors":"Wei Jiang;Yulan Lu;Bo Xie;Deyong Chen;Junbo Wang;Jian Chen","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3551534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3551534","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a resonant pressure sensor based on electrostatic wedge-shaped comb excitations to enhance driving capabilities. The dual double-ended tuning fork resonators detect pressure through frequency shifts caused by the deformation of the pressure-sensitive diaphragm under applied pressure. The developed wedge-shaped comb drive resonators outperformed parallel-plate resonators with higher quality factors (<italic>Q</i> values) and better resistance to electrostatic negative stiffness effects, while also surpassing flat-shaped comb drive resonators in driving capability and achieving higher signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). The open-loop and closed-loop experiments demonstrated that the pressure sensor achieved a <italic>Q</i> value of 18000 and a differential pressure sensitivity of 70 Hz/kPa, enabling high-precision measurements with an accuracy of ±0.01% full scale (FS) within a wide measurement range (temperature range: <inline-formula> <tex-math>$- 30~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C to <inline-formula> <tex-math>$135~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C and pressure range: 5–350 kPa).","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 9","pages":"14822-14829"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis and Improvement of Adaptive Control Strategies for MEMS Vibratory Gyroscope Engineering Applications","authors":"Qilong Wu;Zhuolin Yu;Xiaoyu Hu;Xiaodie Tang;Tong Zhou","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3551421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3551421","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional control methods for MEMS gyroscopes are unable to fully cope with short-term fluctuations and long-term drift caused by environmental factors. Adaptive control (AC) strategies as a novel operational mode of gyroscopes, known for their environmental robustness, have shown promising theoretical and simulation results. However, the challenges and potential in practical engineering implementation remain underexplored. Based on an analysis of key challenges in the engineering application process, an improved AC (IAC) method for MEMS vibratory gyroscopes is proposed. First, the impact of frequency difference fluctuations and phase errors on AC gyroscopes’ performance was analyzed through theoretical derivation and system simulation. To mitigate frequency difference fluctuations affecting long-term stability, a stiffness-adaptive electrostatic-tuning closed loop was incorporated into the traditional AC framework to track frequency drift accurately. Additionally, an automatic phase calibration algorithm, based on the bisection search, was developed to precisely identify and compensate for unknown phase errors, preventing control error divergence. Finally, the IAC framework was implemented on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) platform to achieve AC of a MEMS quad-mass gyroscope (QMG). The experimental results indicate that automatic phase calibration is crucial for the proper operation of the IAC-based gyroscope, and the incorporation of the stiffness-adaptive closed-loop improved zero-bias stability by 40.1%, confirming the IAC method’s effectiveness and potential for similar engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 9","pages":"14810-14821"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comments on “Generalized Co-Prime MIMO Radar for DOA Estimation With Enhanced Degrees of Freedom”","authors":"Rajen Kumar Patra;Anindya Sundar Dhar","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3552712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3552712","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that in direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation with a coprime multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar, the lags of the generalized sum and difference coarray (GSDC) can be utilized. Shi et al. carried out a commendable work in proposing a novel coprime MIMO radar configuration for DOA estimation, where the intersensor spacing of the transmitter array of the configuration is expanded by a specific expansion factor. The authors analyzed the structure using three different cases based on different expansion factors of the transmitter. The mathematical formulas of the uniform and unique lags of the GSDC are provided for each of the cases. However, there is a mistake in the expression of the unique lags of the GSDC for the case where it provides the maximum unique lags by using the largest expansion factor. In fact, we will prove that for <inline-formula> <tex-math>${M}neq {2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (where <italic>M</i> is the parameter of the coprime array), there will always be an error whenever we calculate the unique lags of the GSDC of the coprime MIMO configuration by the expression provided in <xref>Table I</xref> of that article. Here, we provide the correct expression of the unique lags of the GSDC for this case and also carry out the corresponding proof of that expression. We also comment in detail why this correction is not required for <inline-formula> <tex-math>${M}={2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 9","pages":"16528-16532"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AI-Based Bolt/Nut Looseness Sensing Using Spectrogram Images of Shaft Vibrations","authors":"Tomoki Furusawa;Chinthaka Premachandra;Shogo Kihara;Myuji Takizawa;Haruki Katsuragi;Shinji Hashimura;Naoki Hosoya","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3550866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3550866","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional infrastructure inspection methods require specialized expertise and involve complex maintenance techniques. Currently, inspectors depend on auditory cues, particularly the sound produced by hammering, to sense loose bolts, relying heavily on their personal experience. However, these methods might become obsolete in the future due to a shortage of skilled personnel. Therefore, AI-based sensing methods are being adopted to address this critical issue more efficiently. Yet, as of now, there is no AI-based solution specifically designed for diagnosing bolt loosening in structures that utilize bolts/nuts. In response, we propose an AI-based approach to identify both the location and the degree of loosening in bolt/nut connections by analyzing the impact sounds. Initially, we convert frequency-limited spectrogram data into a visual representation of the sound emanating from the bolt shaft when it is struck by a hammer on its surroundings. Subsequently, a novel regression detection AI sensing system is employed to determine the location and extent of the bolt loosening using these visualizations. This method can diagnose the degree of looseness in detail, which is not possible with conventional hammering inspection. Through the experiments, we confirmed the usefulness of the regression system with high sensing accuracy and the suitability of lightweight convolutional neural network (CNN)-based models, and gained insight into the dataset. These results highlight the efficiency and reliability of our proposed AI-based sensing method, demonstrating its significant potential for enhancing the safety and maintenance of infrastructural components.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 9","pages":"15882-15892"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10937997","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Registration Method for Low-Overlap Indoor Point Cloud of RGB-D Camera Located by LiDAR and Multirectangle Features","authors":"Guan Xu;Pengfei Wang;Hui Shen;Pengliang Cai;Yunkun Wang;Fang Chen","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3552224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3552224","url":null,"abstract":"As the key to the multiple view sensor fusion of the RGB camera, the point cloud registration (PCR) of the sensor has an important influence on the 3-D reconstruction of the indoor point cloud. A high-precision sensor registration method, including the initial sensor registration and the fine sensor registration, is proposed, to address the issue of the insufficient robustness to low-overlap indoor point clouds and noise in the sensor registration. In the initial sensor registration, the multirectangle feature (MRF) registration for low-overlap point clouds is presented on the basis of the MRF target, the light detection and ranging (LiDAR), and the RGB-D camera. The infinite point and infinite line are generated from the MRF, which is located by the LiDAR. The initial transformation model is constructed by analyzing the MRF. In the fine sensor registration, the point cloud feature extraction method is developed based on the mutual information, the normal vector difference, and the curvature, for the accurate extraction of key feature points. Moreover, a similarity measurement that considers the mutual information, normal vectors, and curvature features of sensor point clouds is explored to achieve the accurate selection of matching sensor point pairs. The average rotation error and average translation error of the method on self-built and public datasets with different overlap rates are 0.008 rad and 0.014 m, respectively. The experimental results on real sensor data and public sensor datasets show that the method enhances the accuracy of the sensor registration of indoor point clouds.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 9","pages":"16109-16123"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}