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The Digital-Twin Modeling Method and Cross-Coupling Mechanism of Quartz Flexible Accelerometer 石英挠性加速度计的数字孪生建模方法及交叉耦合机理
IF 4.3 2区 综合性期刊
IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3550722
Wanying Huang;Chunxi Zhang;Lailiang Song;Wei Zhang;Zhifang Zhu;Longjun Ran
{"title":"The Digital-Twin Modeling Method and Cross-Coupling Mechanism of Quartz Flexible Accelerometer","authors":"Wanying Huang;Chunxi Zhang;Lailiang Song;Wei Zhang;Zhifang Zhu;Longjun Ran","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3550722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3550722","url":null,"abstract":"Quartz flexible accelerometers (QFAs) are widely applied in navigation systems. Although mechanical excitation is known to degrade the QFA performance and lower the positioning accuracy of the system, the mechanism underlying the dynamic performance deterioration remains obscure. Considering the etching process and assembly deviation, this article theoretically derives a pendulum cross-coupling mechanism and quantifies the transfer process of the structural error in the beams. The physical process of QFA is represented by a motion model, electrostatic and electromagnetic field models, and a signal transmission model. The QFA was analyzed through a digital-twin modeling approach incorporating finite element modeling and numerical analysis. The digital-twin model verified the error-transfer process of the beam structure and vibration experiments confirmed the specific effects of cross coupling. This article quantifies the dynamic accuracy degradation caused by interior errors in the QFA, providing guidance for optimizing the structure and assembly process of QFAs and promoting their environmental adaptability.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 9","pages":"14799-14809"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Complex High-Resolution Range Profile-Based Discrimination Method for Active Deception Targets Within Multistatic Radar System 多基地雷达系统中基于复杂高分辨率距离像的主动欺骗目标识别方法
IF 4.3 2区 综合性期刊
IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559565
Qiang Li;Yumei Guo;Hong Xu;Linrang Zhang;Zhanye Chen;Jun Wan
{"title":"Complex High-Resolution Range Profile-Based Discrimination Method for Active Deception Targets Within Multistatic Radar System","authors":"Qiang Li;Yumei Guo;Hong Xu;Linrang Zhang;Zhanye Chen;Jun Wan","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559565","url":null,"abstract":"The available electronic counter-countermeasures methods for active deception jamming mainly focus on narrow-band processing in multistatic radar system. Compared with limited information in narrow-band case, the complex high-resolution range profile (C-HRRP), the manifestation of the spatial scattering characteristic in wideband case, contains more information about the structure and size of the target on the radar line of sight (LOS). The sensitivity of C-HRRP to target-aspect makes the C-HRRPs of physical target (PT) decorrelated in two distributed receivers with aspect variations. However, the C-HRRPs of the same active false target (FT) are highly consistent for which the jamming signals are from same source in the distributed receivers. Utilizing the difference, the correlation coefficient is defined first as the maximal sliding Hermitian distance between two C-HRRPs, and an innovative signal fusion approach is presented for discriminating PTs from active false ones through correlation testing for wideband multistatic radar system. A constant misjudgment probability can be achieved for PTs by the proposed discriminator. Due to the unchanged high correlation of jamming signals in different receivers, the presented approach can be applied into countering active deception jamming with arbitrary modulation. Simulations and corresponding result analyses are performed to verify the proposed approach’s feasibility and effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 10","pages":"18001-18014"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Energy Consumption Minimization for Delay-Sensitive Data Collection in AAV-Assisted WSN aav辅助WSN中延迟敏感数据采集的能耗最小化
IF 4.3 2区 综合性期刊
IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559680
Xiaoying Liu;Biao Zhou;Xianzhong Tian;Weihua Gong;Kechen Zheng
{"title":"Energy Consumption Minimization for Delay-Sensitive Data Collection in AAV-Assisted WSN","authors":"Xiaoying Liu;Biao Zhou;Xianzhong Tian;Weihua Gong;Kechen Zheng","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559680","url":null,"abstract":"To address the issue of delay-sensitive data collection in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), autonomous aerial vehicles (AAVs) offer a promising solution due to their flexibility and maneuverability. We investigate the AAV-assisted WSN with delay-sensitive data, where sensor nodes (SNs) are distributed in monitoring areas (MAs) to sense the environment and generate data, AAVs are dispatched to collect the generated data from SNs and deliver it to a data center within a predetermined delay. Constrained by the limited onboard energy of AAVs, we minimize the total energy consumption of AAVs by jointly optimizing the grouping, transmit power, and bandwidth of SNs, the number, associated collection points (CPs), and flight trajectories of AAVs subject to the predetermined delay constraint. As the formulated minimization problem is NP-hard, we decompose it into two subproblems, i.e., the grouping, transmit power, and bandwidth of SNs subproblem, and the number, associated CPs, and flight trajectories of AAVs subproblem. To tackle the first subproblem, we propose a hybrid FDMA and NOMA (HFN) protocol that incorporates the optimal grouping of SNs scheme, derives the optimal transmit power of SNs, and proposes the low-complexity heap-based bandwidth optimization algorithm. To tackle the second subproblem, we propose a clustering-based trajectory and number of AAVs optimization (CTNO) algorithm that incorporates the low-complexity improved partitioning around medoids (IPAMs) algorithm and the high-efficiency improved tabu search (ITS) algorithm. Numerical results show the superior performance of the HFN protocol and CTNO algorithm in terms of the energy consumption of AAVs.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 10","pages":"18394-18408"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IEEE Sensors Council 电气和电子工程师学会传感器理事会
IF 4.3 2区 综合性期刊
IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3557664
{"title":"IEEE Sensors Council","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3557664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3557664","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 8","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10967020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Deep Reinforcement Learning and Nash Equilibrium Game-Based Task Offloading Optimization Strategy for the IoV 基于深度强化学习和纳什均衡博弈的车联网任务卸载优化策略
IF 4.3 2区 综合性期刊
IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3558228
Chao He;Wenhui Jiang;Xing Wang;Wanting Wang;Jiacheng Wang;Xin Xie
{"title":"Deep Reinforcement Learning and Nash Equilibrium Game-Based Task Offloading Optimization Strategy for the IoV","authors":"Chao He;Wenhui Jiang;Xing Wang;Wanting Wang;Jiacheng Wang;Xin Xie","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3558228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3558228","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid development of 5G, the amount of data generated by the Internet of Vehicles (IoVs) is growing explosively, which affects the efficiency of vehicle task offloading. To solve this problem, this article proposes a task offloading strategy based on regional roadside unit fusion (RRF) algorithm. First, with the help of sensors to collect vehicle historical trajectory data as input, the deep reinforcement learning (DRL) technique combined with convolutional neural network (CNN) and path planning algorithm is used to accurately project the dynamic behavior of vehicles. Second, when a roadside unit fusion (RSU) is unable to handle a task, the automatic tagging (AT) algorithm will tag the RSU, preparing for the optimization of subsequent RSU. Finally, the Nash equilibrium game (NEG) algorithm is used to optimize RSU resource allocation to maximize task offloading efficiency and reduce energy consumption. Experimental results show that the RRF algorithm proposed in this article has significant advantages over the standard Full DRL algorithm and the nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) algorithm. In terms of task offloading delay, it reduces 11.2% and 9.6%, respectively, energy consumption is reduced by 12.7% and 8.2%, respectively, and the task offloading success rate is improved to 92%, which is significantly better than the comparison algorithms. The algorithm provides a better solution for the practical application of mobile edge computing (MEC) in the IoV.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 10","pages":"18384-18393"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Real-Time Frame-Differencing CMOS Imager With ROI Filtering for Data and Power Reduction 一种具有ROI滤波和功耗降低的实时帧差CMOS成像仪
IF 4.3 2区 综合性期刊
IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3554503
Xu Ren;Xinpeng Li;Yandong He;Gang Du
{"title":"A Real-Time Frame-Differencing CMOS Imager With ROI Filtering for Data and Power Reduction","authors":"Xu Ren;Xinpeng Li;Yandong He;Gang Du","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3554503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3554503","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a computational image sensor design based on frame differencing (FD) to reduce output data volume, thereby improving system energy efficiency in Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The proposed design features an 8T-1C pixel with a dynamic source follower (DSF), enabling in-pixel FD for motion detection (MD) without affecting image readout. The sensor integrates a multi-mode operation, offering full image output, data compression (DC), and MD modes. A novel 10-bit two-step current-mode analog-to-digital converter (ADC), featuring a 3-bit flash and a 7-bit single-slope (SS) ADC, is introduced for digitalization. The <inline-formula> <tex-math>$64times 64$ </tex-math></inline-formula> sensor prototype was implemented using a standard 0.18 <inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m CMOS process. Test results demonstrate the effectiveness of the DSF in enhancing FD and reducing noise, leading to higher response linearity. Experimental validation of MD and DC modes shows an average of 10.9% of output data volume compared to full frame, and over high reconstructed image quality. The results demonstrate that the proposed design achieves efficient, on-chip data reduction with low power consumption and enhanced adaptability for real-time applications.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 10","pages":"18462-18471"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
APTNet: Adaptive Partial Transformer Network for Infrared Small Target Detection APTNet:用于红外小目标检测的自适应局部变压器网络
IF 4.3 2区 综合性期刊
IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559093
Yingmei Zhang;Wangtao Bao;Weiguo Wan;Qin Xiao;Yingjun Tang;Xueting Zou;Liu Huang;Kaichen Zhong;Yuhao Lan
{"title":"APTNet: Adaptive Partial Transformer Network for Infrared Small Target Detection","authors":"Yingmei Zhang;Wangtao Bao;Weiguo Wan;Qin Xiao;Yingjun Tang;Xueting Zou;Liu Huang;Kaichen Zhong;Yuhao Lan","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559093","url":null,"abstract":"Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) plays a vital role in various applications such as surveillance and rescue missions. However, existing methods struggle to effectively integrate contextual information for small targets, with background noise and limited long-distance dependency learning further constraining detection performance. To address these issues, this article proposes a novel adaptive partial transformer network based on asymmetric U-Net architecture, namely APTNet, which enhances contextual information integration and accurately detects small objects in complex scenes, improving detection performance. Specifically, a double residual attention block (DRAB) is designed to enhance the contrast of dim targets within complex backgrounds through channel and spatial attention mechanisms, thereby improving discrimination capability for small targets. Furthermore, leveraging the context pooling connections and DRAB output features, an adaptive partial transformer block (APTB) is proposed. This block first proposes an adaptive channel splitting factor, achieving contextual information integration and long-distance dependency learning with low computational overhead. Extensive experiments on two public datasets demonstrate that the proposed method significantly outperforms the existing state-of-the-art IRSTD methods in terms of intersection over union (IoU), probability of detection (<inline-formula> <tex-math>${P}_{d}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), and false alarm rate (<inline-formula> <tex-math>${F}_{a}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). The implementation of our code can be accessed at <uri>https://github.com/Wangtao-Bao/APTNet</uri>.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 10","pages":"17960-17974"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reconfigurable Frequency–Spatial Equivalent Array Based on FMCW Radar for Accurate Close-Spaced Multitargets Motion Sensing 基于FMCW雷达的可重构频率-空间等效阵列精确近距离多目标运动传感
IF 4.3 2区 综合性期刊
IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559347
Jiayu Zhang;Zhiwei Zhang;Yuchen Li;Changzhan Gu;Junfa Mao
{"title":"Reconfigurable Frequency–Spatial Equivalent Array Based on FMCW Radar for Accurate Close-Spaced Multitargets Motion Sensing","authors":"Jiayu Zhang;Zhiwei Zhang;Yuchen Li;Changzhan Gu;Junfa Mao","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559347","url":null,"abstract":"Frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar has been widely utilized for target detection and motion sensing. However, conventional techniques are constrained by radar bandwidth, spectral leakage, and noise, making the separation and accurate detection of multiple targets within range resolution a significant challenge. To address these limitations, a reconfigurable frequency-spatial equivalent array (RFSEA) technique is proposed. A frequency-domain virtual array is constructed by exploiting the characteristics of the spatial array, effectively improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), enhancing the performance of the subspace algorithm, and significantly substantially increasing range resolution to achieve more accurate close-spaced multitargets separation. In addition, the introduction of frequency-domain adaptive digital beamforming (FDADBF) technology minimizes mutual interference caused by spectral leakage, facilitating highly accurate motion measurement. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed technique improves range resolution by 42.8%, achieves motion measurement within range resolution with average root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) below 10%, and delivers a threefold improvement in accuracy compared to conventional methods. These findings underscore the potential of RFSEA in advancing high-resolution and precise motion sensing applications.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 10","pages":"17975-17986"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Novel Approach for Enhancing Joint Moment Prediction in Complex Gait Patterns Using Pretrained Weights in Time-Series Models 一种利用时间序列模型中预训练权值增强复杂步态模式关节力矩预测的新方法
IF 4.3 2区 综合性期刊
IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559176
Baoping Xiong;Jie Lou;Yinghui Guo;Zhenhua Gan;Nianyin Zeng;Yong Xu
{"title":"A Novel Approach for Enhancing Joint Moment Prediction in Complex Gait Patterns Using Pretrained Weights in Time-Series Models","authors":"Baoping Xiong;Jie Lou;Yinghui Guo;Zhenhua Gan;Nianyin Zeng;Yong Xu","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559176","url":null,"abstract":"Accurately predicting joint moments is crucial for assessing human motor function; however, obtaining such data directly from individuals remains challenging. While the gait data for common activities like walking (WAK) and running can be easily acquired through accelerometers, gyroscopes, and electromyography (EMG) sensors, the sensor data for less common or irregular gait patterns are relatively scarce. This scarcity limits the generalization ability of existing time-series models in predicting joint moments during complex gait patterns. To address this issue, this article proposes a novel method to improve the performance of time-series models in predicting joint moments during complex gait scenarios by utilizing pretrained weights. These pretrained weights are derived from the gait data collected from a large sample of healthy individuals, capturing key information that represents various muscle activity characteristics. The pretrained weights are then applied to time-series models, significantly enhancing their prediction accuracy in complex gait conditions. Experimental results show notable improvements in metrics, such as variance accounted for (VAF), root mean square error (RMSE), and the coefficient of determination (<inline-formula> <tex-math>${R}^{{2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), confirming that the pretrained weights improve the generalization capability of joint moment prediction models.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 10","pages":"17987-18000"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-Frequency Ultrasound Sensing From Multimode Coupling in CO2-Written Long-Period Fiber Gratings co2写入长周期光纤光栅中多模耦合的高频超声传感
IF 4.3 2区 综合性期刊
IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559459
Laureline Kirsch;Gerard Tate;Xiaoyu Bao
{"title":"High-Frequency Ultrasound Sensing From Multimode Coupling in CO2-Written Long-Period Fiber Gratings","authors":"Laureline Kirsch;Gerard Tate;Xiaoyu Bao","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559459","url":null,"abstract":"High-frequency (>50 MHz) ultrasound sensing requires the detection of subtle, rapid perturbations, often a small fraction of the acoustic wavelength, which can be much smaller than the optical wavelength. This leads to the associated phase shift due to ultrasound modulation to being too small to be detected using a telecom fiber-based interferometer. Structured fiber-based sensors can overcome these challenges by detecting locally induced deformations in the fiber structure inside the core. We propose a novel approach using CO2-written long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs), where randomly distributed microdeformities act as amplitude gratings, eliminating the need for phase detection. Unlike commonly used UV light-inscribed LPFGs, where the inscription pitch is uniform in the fiber between the periods, the wavelength of the CO2 laser falls in the absorption band of SiO2. This causes thermal stress-induced deformations in the fiber, leading to the formation of randomly spaced Fabry-Perot (FP) cavities in the micrometer range, as demonstrated by the spatial frequency spectrum [inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT)]. The higher-order modes in CO2-written LPFGs and tilted LPFGs enhance the sensitivity to high-frequency ultrasound waves. This sensitivity arises from the broadband frequency resonance condition spanning 1–80 MHz in randomly spaced deformation-formed FP cavities. By analyzing the transmission and spatial frequency spectra of CO2- and UV-written LPFGs, where the latter fails to respond to ultrasound signals beyond 10 MHz, we establish a framework for practical high-sensitivity ultrasound sensing.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 10","pages":"17209-17219"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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