Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma最新文献

{"title":"The Relationship of Perceived Social Support with Smoking and Sleep in Adolescent Survivors of the Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes.","authors":"Ozan Özkol, Kamer Gür","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00858-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00858-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disasters such as earthquakes are damaging and traumatic events that cause serious problems in many fields. Earthquakes affect the physical and mental health of vulnerable adolescents. This cross-sectional study was conducted with adolescents after the earthquakes that occurred in southern Türkiye on February 6, 2023. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between perceived social support and smoking, sleep quality and insomnia among adolescent earthquake survivors. The study was conducted in the Central district of Adıyaman city. The data were collected from earthquake-survivor adolescents aged between 13 and 18, enrolled in nine different high schools (<i>N</i> = 1579). Data were collected face-to-face in October-November 2023 using the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (MPSSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Bergen Insomnia Scale (BIS) and Smoking Assessment Questionnaire. SPSS 26.0 was used for data analysis. The mean age of the adolescents was 15.40 ± 1.12 years and 55.7% were females. Adolescents who smoked had lower perceived social support. A weak negative correlation was found between perceived social support and sleep quality (<i>r</i> = - .24, <i>p</i><.001) and insomnia (<i>r</i> = - .20, <i>p</i><.001). There was a moderate correlation between the family subdimension of social support and sleep quality (<i>r</i> = - .32, <i>p</i><.001) and between the family subdimension and insomnia (<i>r</i> = - .32, <i>p</i><.001). In conclusion, social support can be considered a important factor against smoking and sleep problems among adolescent survivors of earthquakes. It is recommended that the relationship between social support and smoking and sleep quality be investigated in cohort studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 3","pages":"1635-1643"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Interventions for Reducing Interpersonal Problems and Enhancing Interpersonal Competence among Adolescents with Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Sabrina Ee-Ying Ong, Sayedhabibollah Ahmadi Forooshani, Zahra Izadikhah, Govind Krishnamoorthy","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00854-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00854-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the effectiveness of psychological interventions in reducing interpersonal problems and enhancing interpersonal competence among adolescents with posttraumatic stress symptoms. A systematic search of PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL and Google Scholar identified 17 studies that met the inclusion criteria, with 12 effect sizes reported for interpersonal competence and 24 for interpersonal problems. Results showed similar small but statistically significant aggregated post-intervention effect for both interpersonal competence (g = 0.37, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.20, 0.55]) and interpersonal problems (g = 0.40, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.25, 0.54]), with intervention type and mode significantly moderating effects only for interpersonal problems. Trauma-focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT) had the largest effect on interpersonal problems, whereas skill-based interventions had the smallest. Mixed-mode interventions also showed a significantly larger effect on interpersonal problems compared to group interventions. In contrast, neither intervention type nor mode significantly moderated effects on interpersonal competence. Furthermore, insufficient follow-up data precluded evaluation of the long-term effects of interventions. This meta-analysis indicates that current interventions have small but significant aggregated post-intervention effects on both interpersonal competence and interpersonal problems, with effectiveness influenced by intervention type and mode. However, this meta-analysis is limited by small inclusion number, inclusion of heterogenous assessments, and insufficient data to examine moderating effects of gender and age. This study identified gaps in existing evidence-based interventions simultaneously targeting both interpersonal competence and interpersonal problems. Moreover, a lack of sufficient follow-up assessments raises concerns about the long-term effectiveness of existing interventions. These findings underscore the need for integrative, evidence-based interventions that target both competence and maladaptive aspects of interpersonal functioning, as well as for further high-quality studies to rigorously evaluate their long-term effectiveness across diverse adolescent populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 3","pages":"1611-1633"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of Children's Play and Trauma Sequelae in the Context of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy: Two Single-Case Protocols.","authors":"Antoine Asselin, Miguel M Terradas, Jérémie Legault-Dupuis","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00856-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00856-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The unpredictability and insecurity inherent in family contexts of neglect and abuse can compromise the development of a child's representational capacities and impair their ability to engage in play activities during psychotherapy sessions. This study seeks to address the lack of empirical data used to document the evolution of play in traumatized children undergoing psychodynamic psychotherapy. To this end, this research aims to describe the evolution of traumatic play in two children within psychodynamic psychotherapy: an 8-year-old girl who has experienced early relational trauma and a boy aged 3 years and 10 months who has experienced episodic physical abuse. Play data (segmentation of activity type, play categories and traumatic play) from these children were obtained from video recordings of the psychotherapy sessions and rated using the Children's Play Therapy Instrument, according to an individual intraparticipant replication protocol. Visual examination of the data revealed trends and changes in the children's play. In particular, both children are able to play during longer segments and make greater use of pretending. As the sessions progress, the children's play also appears more coherent, less easily interrupted and more organized by a narrative. However, the results suggest a slower and more complex evolution of the severity of traumatic play, compared with other features of play. The present study enables us to identify, on an exploratory basis, certain clinical indicators of a favourable evolution in psychotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 3","pages":"1201-1218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood Trauma and Aggression: The Role of Epistemic Trust.","authors":"Carlo Garofalo, Veronica Raspa, Elisa Delvecchio, Irene Aiolfi, Daniela Laricchiuta, Richard Howard, Claudia Mazzeschi","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00841-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00841-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relation between childhood trauma and aggression is well-established. Yet, empirical findings are inconclusive regarding specific associations between types of childhood trauma and distinct types of aggression, as well as regarding possible mechanisms explaining their association. We examined associations that physical and emotional abuse, physical and emotional neglect, and sexual abuse had with four aggression types according to the Quadripartite Violence Typology, as well as their indirect effects through epistemic trust, mistrust, and credulity in a community sample of 251 adult participants (54.2% women; <i>M</i> _<i>age</i> = 31.33, <i>SD</i> = 11.20). Levels of childhood trauma were positively linked to higher levels of aggression and lower levels of epistemic trust. At the subscale-level, emotional abuse had the most consistent associations. Epistemic mistrust was consistently linked to aggression and helped explain relationships between childhood traumatic experiences and aggression. Accounting for the overlap across types of childhood trauma, only sexual abuse exerted unique effects, while most of the main findings were accounted by the shared variance among physical and emotional abuse and neglect. Childhood trauma emerged as a consistent yet non-specific risk factor for different types of aggression. Mistrust in others as sources of trustworthy information may be one pathway linking early traumatic experiences with later aggressive behavior.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-026-00841-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 3","pages":"1581-1595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'It is not my business': Adolescent boys' experiences and responses to community violence in Soweto, South Africa.","authors":"Campion Zharima, Elton Mboneli, Lerato Tsotetsi, Stefanie Vermaak, Busisiwe Nkala, Avy Violari, Rachel Kidman, Amy Hammock, Janan Dietrich","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00848-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00848-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community violence is linked to adverse social and health outcomes. South Africa has high rates of community violence, particularly in townships where higher rates of poverty and unemployment are reported. The purpose of this study was to understand adolescent boys' experiences, perceptions, and responses to community violence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a qualitative design, conducting in-depth interviews with 48 adolescent boys aged 15-19 in Soweto, South Africa. This sample was drawn from a larger longitudinal study (2020-2023) of 498 young males, both living with and without HIV, investigating the associations of violence with HIV transmission. Participants were asked about their experiences with community violence and related health behaviors. Interview transcripts were coded and analyzed using thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants described multiple and intersecting forms of community violence including physical assaults, gender-based violence, group or gang-related attacks, robberies and entire communities against one person, known as \"mob justice\". These were perceived as routine and normal aspects of daily life linked to drug dealing, alcohol abuse, establishing gang territory, jealousy over girls, and limited opportunities for young men. Violence was also connected to masculine identity and used as expressions of strength, loyalty, and group defense. Coping strategies ranged from avoiding conflicts and emotional detachment to joining gangs for protection. There were mixed opinions on the utility of calling the police because they did not consistently respond.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings show how community violence is embedded in the lived realities of adolescent boys. Interventions must address both current and historical causes by improving employment, teaching communication and conflict resolution skills and rebuilding relationships between communities and police.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13089905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Workers' Perspectives on the Climate of Trauma-Informed and Non-Trauma-Informed Schools.","authors":"Kate R Watson, Ron Avi Astor, Gordon P Capp, Rami Benbenishty","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00857-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00857-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explored school climate from the perspective of social workers, documenting their perceptions of trauma-informed culture and climate in U.S. schools. Using logistic regression, we analyzed survey data from 538 school social workers to investigate whether their experiences of school climate characteristics associated with trauma-informed approaches-physical and psychological safety; a focus on strengths and equity; and supportive relationships-were associated with their identification of a school as trauma informed. We found that social workers perceived clear climate differences between schools they identified as trauma informed and those they did not. ​Schools that were perceived as safer; with a strengths-based, equitable focus; and providing trusting, empowering, and collaborative relationships were more likely to be identified as trauma informed. These differences do not relate to any specific curriculum or program and are commitments any school could make. With adequate time and influence, school social workers can support and encourage positive shifts in trauma-informed climate as part of their everyday efforts toward building and sustaining positive school climate.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 3","pages":"1189-1200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Interventions for PTSD Children and Adolescents Within Two Years of Natural Disasters: A Systematic Scoping Review.","authors":"Qi Yue Chen, See Heng Yim, Andrea Pickering","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00847-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00847-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural disasters are becoming more common in response to climate change. There is growing recognition of the traumatic impact on the psychological development of children and young people (CYP), due to their vulnerability. Considering the high prevalence of PTSD among natural disaster survivors, it is crucial to identify and implement effective psychological interventions for CYP, particularly in the early post-traumatic period to mitigate worsening implications for mental health. This systematic scoping review aims to summarize the current types of psychological and psychosocial interventions for CYP's PTSD within two-year post-disaster, settings that they were used in, as well as their effectiveness. This review adhered to PRISMA-ScR and TIDieR checklist to screen, evaluate, extract and synthesise studies. Inclusion criteria included CYP who were suffering from stress-related symptoms post-disaster. A total of 18 papers showing 16 unique studies were included, interventions included CBT, Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET), psychological first aid (PFA), play therapy and integrative programmes. Most were conducted in school contexts. There was a mixture of task-sharing interventions (delivered by non-specialists) and psychologist-delivered interventions. Most studies found significant reduction in PTSD symptoms except for a study on play therapy and another on school-based teacher-delivered psychosocial programme. Psychological interventions were effective in treating CYP's PTSD within two years after a disaster. However, this area is still under-researched and critical evidence is still lacking, such as the comparison of treatments and optimal timing of interventions, longitudinal evaluations, as well as how mitigating factors affect their effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-026-00847-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 3","pages":"1559-1580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress, Loneliness and Resilience in the Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Chronic Pain.","authors":"Giulia Picciotto, Rosa Angela Fabio, Rossella Suriano","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00859-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00859-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are recognized risk factors for chronic pain in adulthood, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. A sample of 595 adults completed validated self-report measures assessing ACEs, perceived stress, loneliness, resilience, and chronic pain. Correlational analyses and a path analysis with multiple mediators were conducted to examine direct and indirect pathways linking ACEs to chronic pain. ACEs were positively associated with higher levels of perceived stress and loneliness, both of which significantly mediated the relationship between ACEs and chronic pain. In contrast, resilience demonstrated a protective mediating role, partially explaining the association between ACEs and chronic pain in a negative direction. These findings suggest that stress and loneliness represent key risk pathways linking early adversity to chronic pain, whereas resilience functions as a protective psychological mechanism. Interventions aimed at reducing stress and loneliness while fostering resilience may help mitigate the long-term impact of ACEs on chronic pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 3","pages":"1535-1544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parenting After Child Maltreatment: A Study of Maternal Parenting Strategies and the Parent-child Relationship.","authors":"Marit Burkeland-Lie, Jens Christoffer Skogen, Børge Sivertsen, Kaia Kjørstad, Anders Dovran, Gertrud Sofie Hafstad, Mari Hysing","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00850-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00850-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parenting practices and the parent-child relationship play a crucial role in child development. Families affected by child maltreatment may experience poor parent-child relationships and negative parenting practices. Research on parenting where both mothers and children have experienced maltreatment is limited. This study aims to investigate the parent-child relationship and parenting strategies among mothers (<i>N</i> = 228) of children (5-11 years) with maltreatment experiences, and whether there are differences in parenting behaviors between mothers with and without personal maltreatment histories. The Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (APQ) was used to assess parenting strategies, while the Child-Parent Relationship Scale (CPRS) was utilized to investigate the parent-child relationship. Mean scores and standard deviations were calculated for the entire sample and the two groups of mothers. To compare the groups, we used two-sample t-tests and generated plots to illustrate response distributions. Fisher's exact test was also used to compare response patterns. We found no significant differences between the groups in the APQ subscales (positive parenting and inconsistent discipline) or the closeness subscale of the CPRS. Both groups reported using positive parenting strategies and having close relationships with their children. However, mothers with maltreatment experiences reported significantly higher conflict (CPRS) scores than those without such experiences (<i>p</i> = 0.009). Clinicians can build on the strengths observed in this study to enhance the parent-child relationship and parenting practices. The elevated conflict levels reported by mothers with maltreatment experiences highlight a critical area for interventions aimed at supporting healthier family dynamics and reducing conflict.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 2","pages":"421-433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13190942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148017960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Childhood Experiences: Biological Signatures of Stress.","authors":"Ji Youn Yoo, Kristen Ravi, Anujit Sarkar, Christine Lau, Claire Osborn, Maureen Groer","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00860-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00860-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are strongly associated with an increased risk of major chronic diseases in adulthood. Early exposure to adversity imposes a toxic stress load that disrupts stress physiology, immune responses, brain development, and behavior. These alterations accumulate across the lifespan, contributing to elevated risks of chronic disease, mental illness, and premature mortality. Although many studies have examined associations between ACEs and biological markers using diverse methods, the evidence remains fragmented, and potential pathways to later outcomes are not well integrated. This gap limits our ability to delineate shared risk processes and to design coordinated preventive and therapeutic interventions. This narrative review paper focuses on a potential stress mechanism and biomarkers associated with ACEs, particularly those associated with the HPA axis, gene methylation, and the gut microbiome, which has emerged as a cross-cutting biomarker across multiple disease domains. A core innovation of this review is the proposed integrated cross-system model of development and interactions among the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, epigenetic alterations, and the gut microbiome.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 3","pages":"1545-1557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}