Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma最新文献

{"title":"Emotional Support Moderates Early Life Adversity's Impact on High Molecular Weight Adiponectin in Adolescent Females.","authors":"Keyanna Daniels, Saul Martinez, Uma Rao","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00977-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-026-00977-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early life adversity (ELA) has been linked to elevated inflammatory biomarkers and low circulating anti-inflammatory adiponectin levels among adults. Since inflammation is a key contributor to cardiometabolic diseases, lower adiponectin levels may be associated with an increased risk for these conditions. Women have a higher risk of cardiometabolic disease, so identifying mitigating factors specific to this population is crucial. Social support can mitigate the stress effects on cardiometabolic health, and emotional support is a particularly important functional component of social support for women. This study examined whether emotional support moderates the relationship between ELA and adiponectin levels among adolescent females. ELA and emotional support were assessed in 217 female participants (ages 13-17 years, M = 15.3) using standardized instruments, and adiponectin levels were measured from serum samples. Adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, annual income, and adiposity, emotional support moderated the relationship between ELA and adiponectin levels. Participants with more severe ELA who reported higher levels of emotional support exhibited higher adiponectin levels compared to average or lower levels of emotional support. These findings suggest that high emotional support during adolescence is not only a social protective factor but could also provide resilience against the biochemical impacts of ELA, including cardiometabolic diseases, highlighting the benefit of incorporating emotional support strategies in interventions for such high-risk youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13637421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress, sex, and symptomics: Individual posttraumatic stress symptoms and sexual behaviors in adolescents.","authors":"Jordan L Thomas, Shiloh Cleveland, Lauren C Ng, Jennifer A Sumner","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00905-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-026-00905-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is linked with sexual risk, but less is known about which aspects of posttraumatic psychopathology may be most relevant in these associations. In trauma-exposed adolescents from a national sample (<i>N</i>=384, <i>M</i> _age =16.4, 72.4% female), we applied a novel \"symptomics\" approach-which focuses on the role of individual symptoms of psychopathology-to examine associations between PTSD symptoms and two sexual behaviors linked with potential risk: age at first sex and number of recent partners. In relative importance analyses, individual PTSD symptoms explained more variance in these sexual behaviors than did disorder diagnosis. For both sexual behaviors, sense of foreshortened future accounted for the greatest amount of variance; sleep-related symptoms (e.g., nightmares, sleep disturbance) also emerged as relevant. Additionally, dysphoria-related symptoms (e.g., concentration difficulties, anhedonia, restricted affect) explained significant proportions of age at first sex, whereas symptoms capturing trauma-related fear (e.g., intrusions, cued reactivity, hypervigilance) explained variance in number of partners. Findings suggest that select post-trauma symptoms are differentially associated with sexual behaviors in trauma-exposed adolescents. Screening for and intervening on these specific PTSD symptoms may mitigate possible sexual risk in this population, though additional research in larger and more sex-balanced samples is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13626152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of an Adverse Childhood Experiences Screening Program for Pregnant Patients in Rural Missouri.","authors":"Aiman Fatima, Ellen M Chiocca, Jennifer Blacksmith, Melodie D Stocks","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00890-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00890-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are defined as exposure to traumatic conditions from birth until age 18 years. Exposure to ACEs is associated with poor health outcomes and increased risks of chronic conditions such as obesity, heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and cancer. Pregnant women who have experienced ACEs have increased rates of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress symptoms, substance abuse and suicidality. The high prevalence of ACEs justifies screening, early support and interventions. This Quality Improvement Project was an evaluation of an existing ACEs screening program initiated in 2019 at an Obstetrics and Gynecology clinic in Northeast Missouri. It was aimed at screening ACEs in pregnant patients at their prenatal visit, so that timely referrals and resources can be provided to patients with high ACEs scores. The effectiveness of this program was evaluated by screening charts of all the eligible patients January 2021 to March 2021 (Timepoint 1, T1) and January 2022 to March 2022 (Timepoint 2, T2). Of the 144 patients, 50 participants (34.7%) had an ACE score of three or above. There was no statistically significant difference in the ACE scores between T1 and T2 (<i>p</i> = .21). Although not statistically significant, there was a small to moderate increase in Community Health Worker (CHW) referrals for ACE scores of four or higher. There was a moderate, statistically significant increase in the number of patients who kept their appointment from T1 to T2, c² (4) = 9.74, <i>p</i> = .05, ϕ = 0.26). There was a 300% increase in referrals provided to pregnant patients with ACE scores of four or higher from T1 to T2. These changes could stem from the fact that every three months, providers are now prompted about ACEs, screening, documentation, and Trauma Informed Care (TIC). This has ensured that providers have ACEs and TIC awareness thereby facilitating timely referrals of patients to appropriate resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 2","pages":"813-824"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13190873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148017890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Examining the Role of Natural Mentors in the Relationship Between Childhood Abuse, Life Satisfaction, and Depression: Findings From Add Health.","authors":"Savannah B Simpson, Bailey R Dow, Samuel D McQuillin","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00899-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00899-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s40653-026-00873-8.].</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 2","pages":"917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13190981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148017935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How children with posttraumatic stress disorder view their social networks: a qualitative study.","authors":"Mèlanie Sloover, Dani De Beijer, Sabine E M J Stoltz, Roxanna Camfferman, Ramón J L Lindauer, Elisa Van Ee","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00896-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00896-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research on the social networks of children with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remains limited. Although a link between PTSD symptoms and the child's social environment is often assumed, this can be impacted in cases of interpersonal trauma. This is important, because social support can play a beneficial role in recovery after experiencing trauma. However, little is known about how children with interpersonal trauma perceive their social network and the support they gain from this network. This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews to explore these perceptions in greater depth. Ten children who experienced interpersonal trauma between the ages of 8 to 12 were interviewed about their social network. The content of the interviews was analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Descriptive statistics showed that children had varied networks with 40% of relationships experienced as ambivalent or negative. In addition, there was a general tendency to not discuss their traumatic experiences. Thematic analysis identified four key themes. First of all, the parent-child relationship was often strained with both parents, but in different ways. Second, there seemed to be a contrast between the positive definition children gave of friendship and the negative experiences they had within their own reported friendships. Third, children were able to identify supportive actions from different individuals in their network, related to the trauma as well as more general support. Finally, children reported various reasons for their general reluctance to discuss their trauma. The findings emphasize a need for help with strengthening the children's social network to improve recovery from trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 3","pages":"1931-1942"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Sexual Abuse, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Alcohol Use among Asian American Adults.","authors":"Kruti S Chaliawala, Rebecca A Vidourek, Keith A King","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00888-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00888-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Childhood sexual abuse is prevalent across various communities of different socio-demographic backgrounds. Although existing literature on adverse childhood experiences and childhood sexual abuse tends to focus on various races across the spectrum, Asian American adults are often underrepresented due to the cultural stigma associated with sexual abuse. The current study aims to investigate childhood sexual abuse, adverse childhood experiences, and alcohol use among Asian American adults belonging to different income and education levels. Participants and Setting: The current study used a secondary analysis of the 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey conducted by the CDC. In 2021, BRFSS interviewed 438,693 individuals via phone. Of these, <i>N</i> = 12,546 individuals self-identified as Asians for the \"<i>preferred race</i>.\" The descriptives suggest that of the <i>N</i> = 12,546 Asian American adults (5.9%, <i>n</i> = 738) reported experiencing sexual abuse, and (94.1%, <i>n =</i> 11,808) either refused to answer the question or did not know the answer. Furthermore, linear and bivariate regression analyses were conducted to understand the relationship between variables. The evidence of significant associations between CSA, ACEs, and any recent alcohol use is consistent with the idea that cultural stigma, family norms, gendered expectations, and individual coping strategies may influence both the occurrence and reporting of CSA. Understanding and addressing these factors are essential for promoting the overall health and well-being of Asian American communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 3","pages":"1389-1397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parenting with a History of ACEs: Examining the Impact of Cumulative Exposure and Child Sexual Abuse on Mothers' and Fathers' Reports of Parent-Child Relationship Quality.","authors":"Vanesa Pastor-Cerezo, Nicole Maiorano, Lorraine Swords","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00895-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00895-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates whether cumulative Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and specific exposure to child sexual abuse (CSA) are associated with parent reports of closeness and conflict in their relationships with their children. Parents (<i>N</i> = 426; 85.9% mothers and 14.01% fathers) were recruited from family support services in Ireland and invited to complete a survey that included an assessment of their exposure to abuse, neglect and household disfunction during their childhood or adolescence. In addition, they completed a measure of their perceived relationship quality with their children. Data were analysed using hierarchal regression and found that parents' greater cumulative ACE scores were associated with less closeness and greater conflict in parent-child relationships. CSA exposure was significantly associated with conflict in bivariate analysis, but this association was no longer significant once sociodemographic and cumulative ACEs were accounted for in regression. Findings provide insight into the intergenerational impact of childhood adversity and are discussed in terms of informing the design of trauma-informed family support interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 3","pages":"1919-1930"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with Risky Online Behaviour and Lifetime Online Victimization Among Children and Adolescents in Juba: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.","authors":"Marcus Hollington, Bhaso Ndzendze, Robyn Williams, Ezethu Nsiki","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00885-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00885-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Africa's rapid digital transition has increased children's online risk exposure, yet evidence from fragile states is lacking. This study examines Risky Online Behaviours (ROB) and victimization among children in Juba, South Sudan, a post-conflict setting with uneven connectivity, systemic challenges, and scarce mental health resources, heightening trauma potential.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional household survey of 528 children aged 8-17 years in Juba used purposive sampling and face-to-face interviews. ROB was a composite binary measure of five interpersonal behaviours. Lifetime online victimization covered harassment, bullying, or abuse. Analysis employed descriptive statistics, univariable and multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence was high: 69% engaged in at least one ROB, and 23% reported lifetime online victimization. Analyses confirmed a strong bidirectional relationship between ROB and online victimization and vice versa. Key predictors included higher education (secondary students, UOR: 7.66; p < 0.001; CI: 4.09-14.34; AOR: 6.45; p < 0.001; CI: 3.15-13.20 for ROB) and male gender. Educational internet use was protective (UOR: 0.44; p < 0.001; CI: 0.29-0.67; AOR: 0.44; p < 0.001; CI: 0.27-0.70 for lifetime online victimization), while moderate daily use of the internet (1-5 h) increased odds (AOR = 1.63) of lifetime online victimization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides first empirical evidence of extensive online risks for children in South Sudan, revealing a harmful cycle between behaviour and victimization. Findings urge context-specific, evidence-based interventions informed by the African Union Child Online Safety Policy. Priorities include school-based programs at key transitions, promoting positive digital engagement, and trauma-informed support in vulnerable, digitally evolving settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 3","pages":"1371-1388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Community- and Family-Based Positive Childhood Experiences Show Different Associations With Adult Mental Disorders Across Levels of Adverse Childhood Experiences? A Cross-Sectional Study in Japan.","authors":"Iwao Chishima, Chie Koga, Takahiro Tabuchi","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00883-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00883-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been established as major risk factors for developing mental disorders across the lifespan. In contrast, positive childhood experiences (PCEs) have been shown to be associated with better mental health outcomes across different levels of ACE exposure. However, few studies have examined whether different types of PCEs-particularly family-based and community-based experiences-show distinct associations with adult mental health outcomes. This study aimed to examine whether family PCEs (FPCEs) and community PCEs (CPCEs) are independently associated with mental disorders in adulthood and whether these associations differ according to the level of ACE exposure. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 28,221 adults aged 18 years and older from the 2023 wave of the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey (JACSIS). Mental disorders were assessed using a self-reported checklist of physician-diagnosed conditions. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between ACEs, FPCEs, CPCEs, and mental disorders, adjusting for sociodemographic covariates. Among individuals with no ACEs, experiencing 3 or 4 CPCEs was associated with lower odds of mental disorders (AOR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.48-0.73; AOR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.39-0.60, respectively). In the one ACE group, 2-4 CPCEs were also associated with lower odds of mental disorders (AOR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.53-0.93; AOR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.46-0.88; AOR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.35-0.75, respectively). In contrast, FPCEs were not significantly associated with mental disorders in any ACE category. CPCEs were associated with lower odds of adult mental disorders among individuals with zero or one ACE, whereas no such associations were observed among those with two or more ACEs. Our findings suggest that positive experiences outside the family environment may be relevant to adult mental health, although these associations appear to vary across levels of childhood adversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 3","pages":"1909-1918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilot Evaluation: Children and Grief Manual for Adolescent Prolonged Grief During COVID-19, the Genocide in Gaza, and Increased Violence in the West Bank.","authors":"Ian George Barron, Ghassan Abdallah, Unni Heltne","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00880-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-026-00880-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study evaluated the efficacy of the Children and Grief Manual for Palestinian adolescents who experienced multiple overlapping losses and prolonged grief because of COVID-19, the genocide in Gaza, and the increased military, and settler violence in the West Bank. One hundred and nineteen adolescents referred to school counselors in the occupied West Bank for prolonged grief received 7 two-hour sessions of the Manual on a weekly basis. A pre-post and 9-month follow-up design utilized measures of prolonged grief disorder (PGD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression and assessed program fidelity and a measure of future cost. Interviews were conducted with counselors and adolescents. The study found high levels of program fidelity (8.6/10) leading to significantly reduced PGD (<i>d</i> = 0.449), PTSD (<i>d</i> = 0.729), and depression (<i>d</i> = 0.400) at post-test. Gains were maintained for PTSD (<i>d</i> = 0.407) and PDG (<i>d</i> = 0.137) at follow-up. Counselors reported that the Manual was a healing experience that was highly tolerated by adolescents. For scaling up, the Manual was relatively inexpensive to deliver. In settings of ongoing violence, it is recommended that repetition of the Manual or booster sessions be considered to support the maintenance of gains. A significant limitation of the study was the pre-post-test follow-up design. Future research needs to include pragmatic randomized control trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 3","pages":"1897-1907"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}