Advances in Gerontology最新文献_第3页

Mechanisms of Neurocognitive Adaptation during Aging Process 衰老过程中的神经认知适应机制

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Advances in Gerontology Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1134/S2079057024600204

M. A. Cherdak

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Basic Epigenetic Mechanisms of Aging 衰老的基本表观遗传机制

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Advances in Gerontology Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1134/S2079057024600241

I. D. Strazhesko, A. P. Yesakova, A. A. Akopyan, O. N. Tkacheva

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Brain Aging 大脑老化

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Advances in Gerontology Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1134/S2079057024600198

M. A. Cherdak

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Senolytic Drugs: Implications for Clinical Practice 衰老药物：对临床实践的影响

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Advances in Gerontology Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1134/S2079057024600186

A. K. Ilyushchenko, L. V. Matchekhina, O. N. Tkacheva, A. V. Balashova, A. A. Melnitskaia, A. V. Churov, I. D. Strazhesko

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Mitochondrial Antioxidant SkQ1 Affects the GABAergic but Not the Glutamatergic System in the Hippocampus of Wistar and Senescence Accelerated OXYS Rats 线粒体抗氧化剂 SkQ1 影响 Wistar 大鼠和衰老加速 OXYS 大鼠海马的 GABA 能系统而非谷氨酸能系统

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Advances in Gerontology Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1134/S2079057024600058

D. V. Telegina, N. G. Kolosova

{"title":"Mitochondrial Antioxidant SkQ1 Affects the GABAergic but Not the Glutamatergic System in the Hippocampus of Wistar and Senescence Accelerated OXYS Rats","authors":"D. V. Telegina, N. G. Kolosova","doi":"10.1134/S2079057024600058","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2079057024600058","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous studies have shown that mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 can increase the lifespan of many species and suppress the development of various age-related diseases. Previously we demonstrated that SkQ1 suppresses all manifestations of accelerated senescence in OXYS rats, including the development of the main signs of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). GABA and glutamate are two of the most abundant neurotransmitters in the central nervous system, and it was showed that changes in their signaling accompany aging and the development of AD. Previously, we showed delicate age-related changes of the components of glutamate/GABA system in Wistar and OXYS rats, a unique model of AD. Here we investigated the influence of the treatment with SkQ1 from 12 through 18 months of age (that is, during the active progression of AD-like pathology) on glutamate/GABA system in the rat hippocampus. Our data demonstrated that the neuroprotective effects of long-term administration of SkQ1 are mediated by its effect on the GABAergic but not the glutamatergic system in the hippocampus of Wistar and OXYS rats. Western blotting revealed an increase in the level of glutamate decarboxylase GAD67 in rats of both strains, a decrease in the GABA transporter GAT1 in Wistar rats, and a tendency towards abrogation of the increased level of GABA receptor subunits GABAAr1 in OXYS rats. Thus, we showed that the neuroprotective effects of long-term treatment with SkQ1 are mediated by its effect on the GABAergic but not the glutamatergic system in the hippocampus of Wistar and OXYS rats.","PeriodicalId":44756,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Gerontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139947169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Gerontology in the 21st Century: From Failures to Advances. Hopefully 21 世纪的老年学：从失败到进步。希望

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Advances in Gerontology Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1134/S2079057024600289

A. N. Khokhlov

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Advances in Gerontology Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1134/S2079057023600246

V. V. Yanshole, M. V. Fomenko, L. V. Yanshole, N. A. Osik, E. Y. Radomskaya, D. V. Bulgin, Y. P. Tsentalovich

{"title":"Age-Related Changes in the Metabolomic Composition of Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) Ocular Tissues","authors":"V. V. Yanshole, M. V. Fomenko, L. V. Yanshole, N. A. Osik, E. Y. Radomskaya, D. V. Bulgin, Y. P. Tsentalovich","doi":"10.1134/S2079057023600246","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2079057023600246","url":null,"abstract":"The study is aimed at determining age-related changes in ocular tissues of crab-eating macaque (Macaca fascicularis). To this end, we measured the concentrations of a total of 71 major metabolites in aqueous humor, vitreous humor, and lens of two groups of animals, young (4-year-old, n = 6) and aged (21-year-old and 27-year-old, n = 2) macaques. Significant age-related changes were revealed for all three tissues. In the lens, the most significant changes were found for cytoprotective compounds – antioxidants, osmolytes, and molecular ultraviolet (UV) filters: the concentrations of these metabolites in the lenses of aged animals are much lower. The observed changes contribute to increased oxidative stress and predispose the lens to the development of cataracts. The majority of cytoprotective metabolites are synthetized in the lens epithelium. Findings of this work indicate that the observed age-related changes may be caused by the impairment of the lens epithelial cells leading to the increase of oxidative stress in the lens nucleus and developing of age-related cataracts.","PeriodicalId":44756,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Gerontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139947046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Comparative Analysis of Cell Senescence Induced by the Chemotherapeutic Agents Doxorubicin, Cisplatin and Arsenic Trioxide in Human Myoblasts MB135 化疗药物多柔比星、顺铂和三氧化二砷诱导人肌细胞 MB135 细胞衰老的比较分析

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Advances in Gerontology Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1134/S2079057024600010

M. A. Chelombitko, G. V. Morgunova, N. Yu. Strochkova, R. A. Zinovkin, A. N. Pavlyuchenkova, N. D. Kondratenko, K. G. Lyamzaev

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Cell Senescence Induced by the Chemotherapeutic Agents Doxorubicin, Cisplatin and Arsenic Trioxide in Human Myoblasts MB135","authors":"M. A. Chelombitko, G. V. Morgunova, N. Yu. Strochkova, R. A. Zinovkin, A. N. Pavlyuchenkova, N. D. Kondratenko, K. G. Lyamzaev","doi":"10.1134/S2079057024600010","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2079057024600010","url":null,"abstract":"Genotoxic and cytotoxic drugs, widely used in anticancer therapy, target proliferating cells and induce cell death through a variety of cell cycle-dependent mechanisms. The mechanisms of the delayed toxicity induced by chemotherapy are not fully understood. The accumulation of senescent cells may underlie some of the mechanisms for the development of late adverse effects of chemotherapy on muscle tissue. Cellular models are necessary for the development of therapeutic approaches to these side effects. In our study we used human immortalized myoblast MB135 to optimize the protocol for obtaining the senescent phenotype of muscle cells under the influence of chemotherapeutic drugs such as doxorubicin, cisplatin and arsenic trioxide (As2O3). We evaluated the dynamics of changes in senescence proteins pRb, p21 and p53 and SASP-associated proteins such as TNF, IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, CXCL2, GDF15 using Western blot, RT-PCR and ELISA. Cell senescence was confirmed by the measurement of cell senescence index by flow cytometry after 7 days of exposure to chemotherapeutic agents. The obtained results indicate that all three investigated chemotherapeutic compounds induce the appearance of senescence markers, but the dynamics of these changes are somewhat different for them, which may reflect differences in the mechanisms of senescence phenotype induction.","PeriodicalId":44756,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Gerontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139947171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reductionism and Holism in the History of Aging and Longevity Research: Does the Whole Have Parts? Part 1. The Building of Reductionism 衰老与长寿研究史上的还原论与整体论：整体有部分吗？第 1 部分：还原论的建立还原论的建立

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Advances in Gerontology Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1134/S2079057024600022

Ilia Stambler

{"title":"Reductionism and Holism in the History of Aging and Longevity Research: Does the Whole Have Parts? Part 1. The Building of Reductionism","authors":"Ilia Stambler","doi":"10.1134/S2079057024600022","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2079057024600022","url":null,"abstract":"The research of aging, rejuvenation and life extension has been notoriously characterized by a multitude of often contradictory approaches, both in terms of theoretical concepts as well as possible practical interventions. This work will explore a general taxonomy of these approaches that seems to be ubiquitous in the history of aging and longevity research. The taxonomy will juxtapose between reductionist/therapeutic and holistic/hygienic approaches to potential rejuvenating and life-extending interventions. Both approaches sought to achieve biological equilibrium and constancy of internal environment, yet emphasized diverging means and diverging perceptions of what constitutes equilibrium and constancy. The reductionist approach saw the human body as a machine in need of repair and internal adjustment and equilibration, seeking to achieve material homeostasis by eliminating damaging agents and introducing biological replacements, in other words, working by subtraction and addition toward balance. The holistic approach, in contrast, focused on the equilibration of the organism as a unit within the environment, strongly emphasizing the direct sustaining and revitalizing power of the mind and hygienic regulation of behavior. In the holistic approach, internal equilibrium was sought not so much through calibrating intrusions, but through resistance to intrusions. The apparent relative weight of each approach in academic and public discourse will be shown to change with time, in several western countries, with a special focus on France, Austria and Germany, in the first half of the 20th century. This work (the first part in a sequence of two) will demonstrate the initial fascination with reductionist rejuvenation and life extension attempts, in this time and area, that were encouraging, yet eventually came short of the original promise.","PeriodicalId":44756,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Gerontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139947165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New Frailty Index Approach Predicts COVID-19 Mortality Risk 新的虚弱指数方法可预测 COVID-19 的死亡率风险

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Advances in Gerontology Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1134/S2079057024600046

Alexander Fedintsev, Maria Karnaushkina, Ilia Stambler, Arnold Mitnitski, Alexander Melerzanov, Maria Litvinova, Kirill Balbek, Alexey Moskalev

{"title":"New Frailty Index Approach Predicts COVID-19 Mortality Risk","authors":"Alexander Fedintsev, Maria Karnaushkina, Ilia Stambler, Arnold Mitnitski, Alexander Melerzanov, Maria Litvinova, Kirill Balbek, Alexey Moskalev","doi":"10.1134/S2079057024600046","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2079057024600046","url":null,"abstract":"The relationships between blood biomarkers, frailty, and the risk of death of people diagnosed with COVID-19 is unclear. In the current investigation we decided to analyze the collective effect of multiple biomarkers (laboratory markers of inflammation, blood biochemistry deviations, comorbidity, demographics) on mortality in people diagnosed with COVID-19. We analyzed baseline data of one hundred fifty-five patients (age range from twenty-six to ninety-four) diagnosed with COVID-19. Thirty-seven parameters (including major morbidities) were used to derive the frailty index (FI) and calculate the risk of death as a function of FI and individual biomarkers. Discriminative ability was assessed by the area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC curves). The mean frailty index was 0.17 (SD = 0.10), FI of those who survived was 0.11 (SD = 0.078) and those who died was 0.22 (SD = 0.093). In a sex-adjusted model, the FI was a more powerful predictor for mortality than age. The ROC analysis showed that models involving FI as a feature have good discriminative ability for predicting COVID-19 mortality: AUC for age was 0.77, for the FI it was 0.82, and for the fully adjusted model (age + FI) it was 0.84. Thus, the systemic effect of multiple biological processes comprising aging are elucidated using the Frailty Index approach. Assessment of the frailty index at the time of admission of a patient with COVID-19 to the clinic can help to predict the high risks of severe disease and mortality.","PeriodicalId":44756,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Gerontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139947312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0