Multiple Sclerosis. Some Features of Pathology and Prospects for Therapy. Part 2

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is among the most common neurological diseases. The number of MS affected people is constantly growing worldwide. Untreated MS leads to disability of the most capable part of the population of young age, and in recent years it has been diagnosed more often in elderly patients. The second part of our review is focused on the prospects of MS therapies under development. Mitochondria and the use of mitochodria-targeted antioxidants, neutrophils, as well as immune cells affected by pathology and other specialized cells, which can be reprogrammed and replaced by healthy cells using stem cells, pre-oligodendrocytes able to accelerate maturation and remyelinating ability on the antihistamine action, are considered as targets in MS treatment. Helminth therapy, accompanied by a shift in the composition of the microbiota of MS patients and the release of antioxidants in the tissues of humans and model animals, may lead to immunomodulation and reduction of oxidative stress, providing significant mitigation of the disease. Approaches to the treatment of elderly MS patients are discussed.