Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research最新文献

{"title":"Empowering Self-assessment of Frailty: A Revised CFS-Self Tool for Primary and Community Care.","authors":"Sai Zhen Sim, Xinyao Ng, Wei Chun Gan, Dexin Zheng, Shu Yun Tan, Wee Shiong Lim, Eng Sing Lee","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0076","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.25.0076","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"543-545"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12766304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144761741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose-Response Association between Hand Dexterity and Functional Disability: A Longitudinal Study from the Kasama Study.","authors":"Namhoon Lim, Kenji Tsunoda, Jaehoon Seol, Yujiro Asano, Koki Nagata, Taishi Tsuji, Keisuke Fujii, Yuya Fujii, Kaori Teraoka, Tomohiro Okura","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0075","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.25.0075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Poor hand dexterity may increase the risk of functional disability; however, few studies have examined the relationship between hand dexterity and incident functional disability. The aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the dose-response association of hand dexterity with incident functional disability in community-dwelling older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 1,069 older adults aged ≥65 years in Kasama City, Japan. Peg-moving and circle-drawing tasks were used to evaluate hand dexterity. Functional disability was identified using the Japanese Long-Term Care Insurance System database. Restricted cubic spline analysis was performed to investigate the dose-response association between hand dexterity and incident functional disability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a mean follow-up of 8.5 years (maximum 14.0 years), 248 participants (23.2%) developed functional disability. The lowest performance group in each hand dexterity test had a significantly higher risk of functional disability than the highest performance group-peg-moving (hazard ratio [HR]=1.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29-2.87) and circle drawing (HR=1.66, 95% CI 1.15-2.41). Spline analysis confirmed curvilinear dose-response associations between hand dexterity and incident functional disability. Increased risk was observed when participants performed worse than the cut points (peg-moving, 37.9/38.0 seconds; circle drawing, 21/20 points), and no decreased risk was observed for those who performed better than these cut points.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Easily evaluated hand dexterity tests may be valuable for predicting functional disability in older adults. Curvilinear dose-response associations suggest that maintaining adequate hand dexterity could be a key strategy to support functional independence.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"468-476"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12766305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physician's Role in Managing Driver's Licenses for Older Adults: Implications for Korea.","authors":"Seung Young Yoon, Da Hea Seo","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0088","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.25.0088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing proportion of older adult drivers presents a growing road safety challenge in Korea, highlighted by a significant rise in traffic accidents involving individuals aged 65 years and older. In response, Korean authorities have implemented mandatory cognitive and physical assessments for license renewal, complemented by community-based educational programs. However, international comparisons reveal that the involvement of physicians as gatekeepers in assessing driver fitness is more robust in the United States and Canada, where legal frameworks either permit or require healthcare professionals to report medically at-risk drivers to licensing authorities. These systems balance public safety with patient confidentiality by providing statutory protection for reporting physicians, though barriers such as legal ambiguity, concerns over liability, and inconsistent practices persist. Evidence suggests that mandatory reporting laws increase physician engagement and reporting rates, yet emotional and ethical dilemmas may hinder compliance. In Korea, strengthening the physician's role in the driver license management system-supported by legal immunity and clear guidelines-could enhance early identification of at-risk drivers and reduce accident rates among older adults. A multidisciplinary approach, involving secondary assessments by occupational therapists and licensing authorities, is recommended to ensure objective evaluation of driving competence. Adopting a reporting model may further clarify responsibilities and improve outcomes. Ultimately, integrating physicians more actively into the licensing process is essential for safeguarding both older adult drivers' autonomy and public safety in an aging society.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"424-429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12766312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Group Chair-Stand Exercise and Cognitive Recovery in Sarcopenic Stroke Patients.","authors":"Fumihiko Nagano, Yoshihiro Yoshimura, Ayaka Matsumoto, Yoichi Sato, Takafumi Abe, Sayuri Shimazu, Ai Shiraishi, Takahiro Bise, Yoshifumi Kido, Takenori Hamada, Aomi Kuzuhara, Kouki Yoneda, Kenichiro Maekawa","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0089","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.25.0089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence on the effectiveness of exercise for cognitive recovery in patients with sarcopenia is limited. This study examined the association between group-based chair-stand exercise and cognitive improvement during convalescent rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included stroke patients with sarcopenia and impaired cognitive level, defined as a Functional Independence Measure (FIM)-cognitive score ≤23, admitted between 2016 and 2023. All patients received standard rehabilitation and participated in group-based chair-stand exercise twice daily. The frequency of exercise during hospitalization was recorded. The primary outcome was FIM-cognitive score at discharge. Secondary outcomes were handgrip strength (HG) and FIM-motor score. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to examine associations between exercise frequency and outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1,220 patients admitted, 273 sarcopenic stroke patients with reduced cognitive level (mean age 80 years; 48% male) were included in the final analysis dataset; the median frequency of performing chair-stand exercise per day was 43 (interquartile range, 20-71). Higher exercise frequency was independently associated with better FIM-cognitive score at discharge (β=0.217, p&lt;0.001), greater HG (β=0.146, p=0.008), and improved FIM-motor score (β=0.295, p&lt;0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Frequent participation in group-based chair-stand exercise was associated with improvements in cognitive and physical function in sarcopenic stroke patients. Incorporating simple, repetitive resistance exercises into rehabilitation programs may enhance recovery outcomes in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"477-486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12766307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a Latin American Delphi Consensus on Vaccination for Respiratory Diseases in Older Adults.","authors":"José F Parodi, Fernando M Runzer-Colmenares, Carlos Cano-Gutiérrez, José Luis Dinamarca-Montecinos, Patricio Buendía-Gomez de La Torre, Paulo Fortes Villas Boas, Javier A Flores-Cohaila, Diego Urrunaga-Pastor, Luis Miguel Gutiérrez-Robledo","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0087","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.25.0087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respiratory infections significantly impact older adults in Latin America, highlighting the need for regionally adapted consensus-based vaccination recommendations to guide preventive strategies. This study aimed to develop a consensus among Latin American experts on vaccination against respiratory diseases in older adults in the region, including influenza, Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and pertussis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-round Delphi methodology was employed, involving 35 specialists from various medical fields. A rapid evidence review was conducted using scientific databases and clinical practice guideline repositories. Participants evaluated each recommendation on a 1-to-5 scale; recommendations with 80% acceptance (score of 4 or higher) were approved.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The consensus resulted in recommendations for administering Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis) boosters every 10 years for pertussis and annual influenza vaccination in adults aged 65 years or older, using high-dose or adjuvanted formulations. Additionally, primary and annual booster COVID-19 vaccinations were recommended, along with a single dose of RSV vaccine for individuals aged 75 years and older, providing protection for at least two winter seasons. Routine administration of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 15 (PCV15) or PCV20 was also recommended for adults aged 65 years or older who had not previously received a PCV.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The consensus provides a vaccination guide tailored to the Latin American context, aiming to bridge gaps in vaccination coverage among older adults in the region. This effort seeks to reduce the burden of respiratory diseases on frail healthcare systems and promote healthy aging in Latin America.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"440-449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12766313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Frailty in Older Adults: Proposal and Application of an Original Measurement Index.","authors":"Hernán-David García-Botina, Gloria-María Sierra-Hincapié","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0095","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.25.0095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To develop and apply a multidimensional Social Frailty Index (SFI) to estimate the prevalence of social frailty among older adults in four departments of Colombia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted using secondary data from the 2016 Survey on Health, Well-being, and Aging (SABE Colombia). The study included 3,506 individuals aged 60 years and older residing in Antioquia, Caldas, Risaralda, and Quindío. Variables from demographic, health, and social domains were analyzed using principal component analysis to construct the SFI. Individuals scoring above the 75th percentile were classified as socially frail.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of social frailty was 25.3% (95% confidence interval, 23.8-26.7), with higher rates observed among men (29.2%) and individuals aged 75 years and older (32.4%), as well as among residents of Antioquia. Four latent components were identified: functional dependence; social engagement and participation; social and emotional isolation; and perceived health and healthcare quality. The index showed consistency with theoretical frameworks and international tools.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This multidimensional index allows for early identification of vulnerable older adults, supporting targeted interventions and public health planning. Further research is needed to standardize measurement criteria and to evaluate the predictive value of social frailty in relation to outcomes such as disability, multimorbidity, mortality, and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"459-467"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12766308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and Validity of a Self-administered Online Assessment of Intrinsic Capacity: A Singapore Cohort Study.","authors":"Wai Munn Robin Choo, Lay Khoon Lau, Li Ling Grace Cheong, Chong Sheng Micah Tan, William Tov, Paulin Straughan, Yew Yoong Ding, Wee Shiong Lim","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0036","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.25.0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To ascertain the construct validity and reliability of a self-administered web-based assessment of intrinsic capacity (IC). The study design was a cross-sectional analysis using data from a prospective cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included data from 6,434 respondents (mean age 65.33±5.81 years; 52.4% women) of the Singapore Life Panel population study who participated in the online surveys in March 2022 and May 2022. Incremental nested factor structures of IC were modelled with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and their goodness-of-fit were assessed mainly with root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), comparative fit index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis index (TLI), and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR). With the most parsimonious model as our eventual factor structure, we further evaluated IC and its domains with reliability indices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CFA demonstrated construct validity for the second-order factor structure with acceptable overall model fit: χ2(147)=7,696.276, p&lt;0.001; CLI=0.947; TLI=0.938; RMSEA=0.089; SRMR=0.051. Amongst the domains, vitality had highest factor loading (0.889), whereas locomotion and cognition (0.534 and 0.601, respectively) had lowest loadings with the second-order IC factor. All five IC domains and the general IC factor fulfilled reliability thresholds (construct validity [CR] or hierarchical omega ≥0.7; average variance extracted ≥0.5); psychological and locomotion domains have high CR (&gt;0.9), whereas vitality and sensory domains have lower values of CR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study provides proof-of-concept evidence regarding the construct validity and reliability of a self-administered web-based assessment of IC index that can potentially be scalable in other population settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"450-458"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12766310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Pain-Related Quality of Life and Uncontrolled Blood Pressure in Older Hypertensive Patients: Mediating Factors.","authors":"Dandan Zhang, Jiani Guo, Yuanyuan Liu, Lijuan Ding, Wenya Wu, Lili Wang, Xiaohua Wang","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0012","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.25.0012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension and chronic pain frequently co-occur in older adults. However, research on this association in older hypertensive patients is scarce. Self-perceptions of aging (SPA)-one&apos;s concept about aging-correlates with pain-related quality of life (pQOL) and predicts medication adherence, a pillar of blood pressure (BP) control. This study examined the association between pQOL and uncontrolled BP in older hypertensive patients, exploring whether SPA and medication adherence mediate it: a novel exploration of psychological-behavioral pathways in pain-hypertension association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved 622 hypertensive patients aged 60 and above in Suzhou, China. Variables were compared using ANOVA and χ2 tests, respectively. Adjusted binary logistic regression models examined the pQOL-uncontrolled BP relationship, while Spearman correlation analyzed associations between pQOL, medication adherence, and negative control. We performed chain mediation analysis (PROCESS Macro) with bootstrapping.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher pQOL scores significantly predicted uncontrolled BP (Q2, Q3, Q4; odds ratio [OR]=2.77, 5.50, 3.45; p=0.002, &lt;0.001, 0.001, respectively). Negative control mediated the relationship between pQOL (b=-0.007, p&lt;0.001) and uncontrolled SBP (OR=0.670, p&lt;0.01, respectively), while the chain mediation of negative control and medication adherence contributed to both uncontrolled SBP (mediation effect=0.017, p&lt;0.01) and uncontrolled DBP (mediation effect=0.018, p&lt;0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher pQOL scores was associated with higher prevalence of uncontrolled BP. The mediating role of negative control and medication adherence was identified in the relationship between pQOL and uncontrolled BP (SBP/DBP) in older hypertensive patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"314-325"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12489602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Physical Function at Admission and Walking Ability at Discharge in Older Adults with Vertebral Compression Fractures: An Analysis Using Propensity Score Matching.","authors":"Kodai Hosaka, Hiroshi Otao, Eri Nishi, Junpei Imamura, Junko Tanaka, Hajime Shibata","doi":"10.4235/agmr.24.0180","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.24.0180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are common among older adults, with the highest prevalence observed in Japan. These fractures cause pain, reduce quality of life, and increase the need for physical therapy. This study identified key factors at admission that predict walking ability at discharge in patients with VCFs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 143 patients aged ≥65 years with VCFs. VCFs are fractures in which only the anterior column of the vertebral body collapses. The primary variables assessed upon admission included the revised Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS-R) score, grip strength, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), and phase angle (PhA). Propensity score matching was applied to adjust for background factors, after which a logistic regression analysis using a generalized linear model was conducted to determine whether these variables influenced walking ability at discharge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant associations were observed between walking ability at discharge and HDS-R score at admission (p&lt;0.001, effect size [ES]=0.42), grip strength (p=0.027, ES=0.23), SMI (p=0.025, ES=0.23), and PhA (p&lt;0.001, ES=0.40). Logistic regression analysis indicated that HDS-R score (odds ratio [OR]=1.19, p=0.005) and PhA (OR=3.21, p=0.015) during admission significantly predicted walking ability at discharge.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Walking ability at discharge in patients with VCFs can be predicted based on early assessments. In particular, HDS-R score and PhA at admission may serve as key indicators for prognosis in patients with VCFs.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"335-342"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12489606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life Expectancy of the Tokugawa Shogun Family Estimated from Edo Period Historical Records.","authors":"Hisashi Fujita, Shinya Matsukawa, Hiroomi Tsumura, Dong Hoon Shin","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0008","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.25.0008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to estimate the average life expectancy of the Tokugawa Shogun family by analyzing historical documents. The data is also compared to modern Japanese life expectancy figures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The lifespan of members of the Tokugawa Shogun family is estimated based on data from Edo-period documents. We assess survival rates by age, sex, and other factors. Lunar calendar dates are converted into solar calendar dates, and birth years are counted as age 0 to ensure that the estimated life expectancy is comparable to modern Japanese estimates, free from bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean life expectancy at birth for males in the Tokugawa Shogun family is 20.93±25.03 years, and for females, it is 20.53±25.16 years. The pooled result for both sexes is 20.75±25.00 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The life expectancy of the Tokugawa Shogun family is lower than that of modern Japanese, despite their status as the supreme elite class in Edo-period Japan. This reduced life expectancy is primarily attributed to high infant mortality rates, though survival rates for individuals aged 10 and above remained relatively consistent.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"343-351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12489592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}