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Resolving the paradox of juvenile drug courts: How matching substance abuse needs with juvenile court services reduces recidivism 解决青少年毒品法庭的悖论:如何将药物滥用需求与青少年法庭服务相匹配以减少再犯
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2022-09-16 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12223
William A. Chernoff, Lisa M. Olson, Tori Rodriguez, Molly O'Krepki, Michael Bisciglia
{"title":"Resolving the paradox of juvenile drug courts: How matching substance abuse needs with juvenile court services reduces recidivism","authors":"William A. Chernoff,&nbsp;Lisa M. Olson,&nbsp;Tori Rodriguez,&nbsp;Molly O'Krepki,&nbsp;Michael Bisciglia","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12223","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12223","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Research on juvenile drug court (JDC) effectiveness has been largely underwhelming, generally showing mixed results. These findings, however, could be blamed on a deeper court problem: the inaccurate matching of services to needs. Data from a large juvenile court (N = 1,198) show that juveniles with substance abuse needs recidivate less when receiving JDC services than conventional ones. Likewise, juveniles without drug/alcohol needs receiving conventional services recidivate less than similar youth receiving JDC services. The present study contends that JDCs are an effective complement to conventional juvenile court intervention and demonstrates the importance of matching in delivering effective court services.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 3","pages":"5-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73250575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Police in schools: The complicated impact on students, school environments, and the juvenile courts 学校警察:对学生、学校环境和少年法庭的复杂影响
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-24 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12222
Christopher A. Mallett
{"title":"Police in schools: The complicated impact on students, school environments, and the juvenile courts","authors":"Christopher A. Mallett","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12222","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12222","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Having police officers in schools (school resource officers - SROs) is controversial with a growing debate as their presence has proliferated nationally over the past twenty years. A majority of high schools and middle schools today have police on campus providing a variety of services, though primarily law enforcement. While the intent is to provide improved school safety and protection to students, unexpectedly this has not been the outcome for many school campuses when reviewing most criminal activity or, tragically, school shootings. While the presence of SROs is complicated, the unintended impact has harmed more students than ever anticipated by criminalizing misbehaviors and disorderly conduct, making the learning environment less conducive by negatively changing school climates, and disproportionately impacting many already at-risk young people – those of color, those with disabilities, and those who identify as LGBTQ. While recent Black Lives Matter movement advocacy has removed SROs from a small number of school districts across the country, additional change looks to be quite difficult even though ongoing research continues to find disparate and unexpected negative student, school, and justice system pathway outcomes, while not making schools safer. This paper reviews this empirical, practice, and policy conundrum, and the impact on the juvenile courts.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 2","pages":"37-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83245302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Balancing clinical needs and probation requirements within CSEC specialty courts 在CSEC专业法庭内平衡临床需求和缓刑要求
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-24 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12221
Elizabeth Gale-Bentz, Florencia Iturri, Tracey Wheeler, Connie F. Nelke
{"title":"Balancing clinical needs and probation requirements within CSEC specialty courts","authors":"Elizabeth Gale-Bentz,&nbsp;Florencia Iturri,&nbsp;Tracey Wheeler,&nbsp;Connie F. Nelke","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12221","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12221","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As juvenile justice systems across the country explore ways to best serve youth who have been commercially sexually exploited, challenges may arise between youths' clinically indicated needs and the probation-driven requirements of CSEC specialty court involvement. This article explores some of the clinical-probation dualities CSEC specialty courts may encounter, conceptualized as tensions related to issues of confidentiality, responses to behaviors that jeopardize youths' safety, and the timing of healing. Future directions for consideration to better meet the needs of youth involved in the justice system who have experienced sexual exploitation are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 2","pages":"21-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80618853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
“I've got to break the cycle for my son, so he doesn't go to juvie like his pops”: Interrupting intergenerational patterns of incarceration “我必须为我儿子打破这个循环，这样他就不会像他爸爸一样去少管所”:打破代际监禁模式
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-24 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12220
Taryn VanderPyl, Katelyn Hernandez, Omar Melchor-Ayala
{"title":"“I've got to break the cycle for my son, so he doesn't go to juvie like his pops”: Interrupting intergenerational patterns of incarceration","authors":"Taryn VanderPyl,&nbsp;Katelyn Hernandez,&nbsp;Omar Melchor-Ayala","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12220","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12220","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Patterns of incarceration transmit generationally causing damage to families and communities across decades. Literature is replete with studies on the harmful impact of parental incarceration but is missing the voice of those living within this cycle. This study highlights the perspectives and lived experiences of those who have parents who have been incarcerated, are currently incarcerated themselves, <i>and</i> have children of their own. This middle generation sheds light on how and why they followed in their parents' footsteps and their desire to break this pattern for their own children. Implications and recommendations are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 2","pages":"5-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88540258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Exploring juvenile court outcomes as a function of judge-youth characteristics and interactions 探索少年法庭结果作为法官-青少年特征和互动的功能
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-09 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12213
Victoria A. Knoche, Shawn C. Marsh, Tahliah Skinner-Ling
{"title":"Exploring juvenile court outcomes as a function of judge-youth characteristics and interactions","authors":"Victoria A. Knoche,&nbsp;Shawn C. Marsh,&nbsp;Tahliah Skinner-Ling","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12213","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12213","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examined judge-juvenile verbal interaction characteristics, demographics, and demographic match at adjudication and their associations with juveniles’ behavioral outcomes. Data were collected from audio recordings of hearings and case files from 86 delinquency cases adjudicated in an urban juvenile court in the Southwestern United States as part of a larger research project involving observable procedural justice. Results suggest that some juvenile, judge, and match characteristics had significant associations with both judge-juvenile interactions (e.g., length of conversations) and juvenile case outcomes (e.g., fewer continuances). We detail these findings and offer considerations for court practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 1","pages":"23-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74979441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Judges’ perceptions of facility dogs in the courtroom 法官对法庭上设施犬的看法
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-09 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12214
Arial R. Meyer, Christine M. McDermott, Monica K. Miller, Shawn Marsh
{"title":"Judges’ perceptions of facility dogs in the courtroom","authors":"Arial R. Meyer,&nbsp;Christine M. McDermott,&nbsp;Monica K. Miller,&nbsp;Shawn Marsh","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12214","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12214","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We examined judges’ perceptions of facility dogs used to comfort witnesses during testimony in courtrooms. Content analysis of an open-ended survey question revealed that most judges support facility dog use to some degree, especially for children and in family, dependency, or juvenile courts. Perceived benefits included providing emotional support for witnesses who then could be calmer and provide better testimony (e.g., more accurate, more truthful, clearer). Perceived drawbacks included potential disruption, access issues for those allergic to or afraid of dogs, and bias. We discuss future research and implications for judges, advocates, and researchers.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 1","pages":"41-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84301972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Operationalizing ICWA compliance to improve Native American child & family outcomes 实施ICWA合规，以改善美洲原住民儿童和家庭的结果
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-09 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12212
Melanie Sage, Carenlee Barkdull
{"title":"Operationalizing ICWA compliance to improve Native American child & family outcomes","authors":"Melanie Sage,&nbsp;Carenlee Barkdull","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12212","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12212","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 1978 Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA) is a federal law enacted to prevent the unnecessary removal of tribal children from their families and cultures. This methodological report describes how a research team operationalized court compliance with ICWA through a statewide record audit conducted over three years in a Midwestern state.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We designed an ICWA Compliance Checklist to serve as a basis for evaluating ICWA compliance and used it to assess court records. We analyzed the process of developing a compliance tool and documented the lessons learned.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Methodological difficulties included matching research strategies to available data and negotiating the project's scope with the partners. However, the Checklist provided a unique opportunity to report on statewide compliance and shape local practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Amid increasing calls for the use of system data, social work scholars can consider strategies for a successful research partnership and bring an advocacy perspective to the assessment of public data, especially regarding sovereignty issues.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 1","pages":"7-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85003109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effective communication with participants in court hearings: using polyvagal theory in the courtroom 法庭听证中与参与者的有效沟通:在法庭上运用多迷走神经理论
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-09 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12215
Rebecca Bailey, Elizabeth Bailey
{"title":"Effective communication with participants in court hearings: using polyvagal theory in the courtroom","authors":"Rebecca Bailey,&nbsp;Elizabeth Bailey","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12215","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12215","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The polyvagal theory introduces the premise that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) has an essential role in detecting threats and calming social engagement. In busy courtrooms, the subtle nuances of communication can be missed or overlooked. Messages of threat activate an autonomic state from calm to agitated beneath conscious awareness. When shifts occur, information can be misunderstood or misinterpreted, resulting in overly defensive responses from all parties. The polyvagal theory suggests a perspective that encourages self-reflection and awareness to counterbalance the inevitable physical and mental stress of managing todays’ courtrooms.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 1","pages":"57-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83696283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Impact of Engagement on Child Welfare Families Involved with Family Treatment Drug Courts 参与家庭治疗药物法庭对儿童福利家庭的影响
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2021-12-06 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12210
Ashley R. Logsdon, Becky F. Antle, Rebecca S. Katz, Anita P. Barbee, Cindy Kamer, Amy Spriggs
{"title":"The Impact of Engagement on Child Welfare Families Involved with Family Treatment Drug Courts","authors":"Ashley R. Logsdon,&nbsp;Becky F. Antle,&nbsp;Rebecca S. Katz,&nbsp;Anita P. Barbee,&nbsp;Cindy Kamer,&nbsp;Amy Spriggs","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfcj.12210","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Family Treatment Drug Courts are multidisciplinary teams that engage child welfare families in substance use treatment and reunification court services. This quasi-experimental study evaluates the impact of engagement strategies with 36 participants. Participants experienced high levels of engagement with the court, child welfare workers, and their clinical providers. There were significant differences in engagement by race as well. Participants who successfully graduated the program had higher rates of engagement compared to those who dropped out. This study demonstrates the importance of measuring engagement with multiple providers for client success. Implications for practice and research are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"72 4","pages":"43-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137490872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Concerns about the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Justice-Involved and Low-Income Youth 参与司法和低收入青年对2019冠状病毒病大流行的担忧
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2021-12-06 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12209
Caitlin Cavanagh, Isabelle Clough, April Gile Thomas
{"title":"Concerns about the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Justice-Involved and Low-Income Youth","authors":"Caitlin Cavanagh,&nbsp;Isabelle Clough,&nbsp;April Gile Thomas","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12209","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12209","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The COVID-19 pandemic has caused immense change and stress among adolescents. Yet, little is known about youths’ concerns related to the COVID-19 pandemic. This is particularly true among youth who have been highly impacted by the pandemic—namely, justice system-involved youth, low-income youth, and youth who consider themselves to be low status. Youth from the community, youth on probation, and incarcerated youth completed a survey describing their concerns related to COVID-19 across three concern domains: economic, social concerns, and COVID-19 itself. Results suggested that, with respect to economic concerns, incarcerated youth felt more concern about their ability to get a job if needed than youth on probation or community youth (accounting for gender and household income), and more concerned about food security (accounting for gender and subjective social status). With respect to social concerns, both incarcerated youth and youth on probation felt that the quality of their relationship with family members had decreased as a result of the pandemic, relative to community youth (accounting for gender and income), while incarcerated youth only felt that the quality of their friendships had decreased (accounting for gender and subjective social status). With respect to concerns about COVID-19, no group differences were observed about getting sick or dying from COVID-19, but low-income youth regardless of justice system status were more concerned about dying of COVID-19 than their affluent counterparts. Overall, the study gives voice to the concerns of the most vulnerable youth during the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"72 4","pages":"5-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jfcj.12209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87453985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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