{"title":"Improving hearing quality in child welfare cases","authors":"Judge Robin D. Sage, Tara Grigg Green","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12227","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12227","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Trained observers with vast experience observed and measured over 780 child welfare hearings in five sites to assess what was occurring in hearings. A tool was used to measure the hearing against an ideal standard. The sum and conclusions of those observations are contained herein with recommendations on how to improve the quality of court hearings.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 4","pages":"17-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80553838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The historical analysis of childhood and juvenile delinquency: Implications of american social trend and thought","authors":"Terrence T. Allen","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12225","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12225","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper provides a comprehensive historical analysis of policies, theories and approaches to juvenile delinquency. It also examines the deficits and advantages of the application of adult based criminological theory as a means of explaining, and irradiating juvenile crime. Additionally, the author explores the dynamics of the definition of childhood, the pervasiveness of the mistreatment of children, and how these ever-evolving conditions have impacted juvenile justice policy. Moreover, the paper dissects classical, positivist, and neo-classical criminological theories efforts to explain society's response to juvenile crime. In the conclusion, the author draws implications to contemporary approaches to the treatment of juvenile delinquency based in the positivist school of thought. Finally, the author discuss the significance of understanding the historical implications for policymakers and practitioners.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 3","pages":"33-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81818022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“No one cares”: Challenges and possibilities for modernizing juvenile detention operations in mississippi","authors":"Laura M. Gulledge, Charlie Scheer","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12224","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12224","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The status of Mississippi's juvenile corrections landscape was the focus of a 2018 federally-funded study exploring the viability of a comprehensive database of statewide juvenile arrest data. Study findings indicated that the state's juvenile corrections infrastructure was primitive and incapable of sustaining such a database. However, promising elements were found to exist that may drive organizational changes at both the local and state level, and further innovations including adaptation of new technologies are also explored. Qualitative data from the pilot study reveals these indicators of potential change, which are then contrasted with theories on how organizational change can be conceived, implemented, and sustained. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 3","pages":"21-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83621613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William A. Chernoff, Lisa M. Olson, Tori Rodriguez, Molly O'Krepki, Michael Bisciglia
{"title":"Resolving the paradox of juvenile drug courts: How matching substance abuse needs with juvenile court services reduces recidivism","authors":"William A. Chernoff, Lisa M. Olson, Tori Rodriguez, Molly O'Krepki, Michael Bisciglia","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12223","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12223","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Research on juvenile drug court (JDC) effectiveness has been largely underwhelming, generally showing mixed results. These findings, however, could be blamed on a deeper court problem: the inaccurate matching of services to needs. Data from a large juvenile court (N = 1,198) show that juveniles with substance abuse needs recidivate less when receiving JDC services than conventional ones. Likewise, juveniles without drug/alcohol needs receiving conventional services recidivate less than similar youth receiving JDC services. The present study contends that JDCs are an effective complement to conventional juvenile court intervention and demonstrates the importance of matching in delivering effective court services.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 3","pages":"5-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73250575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Police in schools: The complicated impact on students, school environments, and the juvenile courts","authors":"Christopher A. Mallett","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12222","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12222","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Having police officers in schools (school resource officers - SROs) is controversial with a growing debate as their presence has proliferated nationally over the past twenty years. A majority of high schools and middle schools today have police on campus providing a variety of services, though primarily law enforcement. While the intent is to provide improved school safety and protection to students, unexpectedly this has not been the outcome for many school campuses when reviewing most criminal activity or, tragically, school shootings. While the presence of SROs is complicated, the unintended impact has harmed more students than ever anticipated by criminalizing misbehaviors and disorderly conduct, making the learning environment less conducive by negatively changing school climates, and disproportionately impacting many already at-risk young people – those of color, those with disabilities, and those who identify as LGBTQ. While recent Black Lives Matter movement advocacy has removed SROs from a small number of school districts across the country, additional change looks to be quite difficult even though ongoing research continues to find disparate and unexpected negative student, school, and justice system pathway outcomes, while not making schools safer. This paper reviews this empirical, practice, and policy conundrum, and the impact on the juvenile courts.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 2","pages":"37-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83245302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elizabeth Gale-Bentz, Florencia Iturri, Tracey Wheeler, Connie F. Nelke
{"title":"Balancing clinical needs and probation requirements within CSEC specialty courts","authors":"Elizabeth Gale-Bentz, Florencia Iturri, Tracey Wheeler, Connie F. Nelke","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12221","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12221","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As juvenile justice systems across the country explore ways to best serve youth who have been commercially sexually exploited, challenges may arise between youths' clinically indicated needs and the probation-driven requirements of CSEC specialty court involvement. This article explores some of the clinical-probation dualities CSEC specialty courts may encounter, conceptualized as tensions related to issues of confidentiality, responses to behaviors that jeopardize youths' safety, and the timing of healing. Future directions for consideration to better meet the needs of youth involved in the justice system who have experienced sexual exploitation are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 2","pages":"21-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80618853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“I've got to break the cycle for my son, so he doesn't go to juvie like his pops”: Interrupting intergenerational patterns of incarceration","authors":"Taryn VanderPyl, Katelyn Hernandez, Omar Melchor-Ayala","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12220","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12220","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Patterns of incarceration transmit generationally causing damage to families and communities across decades. Literature is replete with studies on the harmful impact of parental incarceration but is missing the voice of those living within this cycle. This study highlights the perspectives and lived experiences of those who have parents who have been incarcerated, are currently incarcerated themselves, <i>and</i> have children of their own. This middle generation sheds light on how and why they followed in their parents' footsteps and their desire to break this pattern for their own children. Implications and recommendations are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 2","pages":"5-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88540258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victoria A. Knoche, Shawn C. Marsh, Tahliah Skinner-Ling
{"title":"Exploring juvenile court outcomes as a function of judge-youth characteristics and interactions","authors":"Victoria A. Knoche, Shawn C. Marsh, Tahliah Skinner-Ling","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12213","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12213","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examined judge-juvenile verbal interaction characteristics, demographics, and demographic match at adjudication and their associations with juveniles’ behavioral outcomes. Data were collected from audio recordings of hearings and case files from 86 delinquency cases adjudicated in an urban juvenile court in the Southwestern United States as part of a larger research project involving observable procedural justice. Results suggest that some juvenile, judge, and match characteristics had significant associations with both judge-juvenile interactions (e.g., length of conversations) and juvenile case outcomes (e.g., fewer continuances). We detail these findings and offer considerations for court practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 1","pages":"23-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74979441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arial R. Meyer, Christine M. McDermott, Monica K. Miller, Shawn Marsh
{"title":"Judges’ perceptions of facility dogs in the courtroom","authors":"Arial R. Meyer, Christine M. McDermott, Monica K. Miller, Shawn Marsh","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12214","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12214","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We examined judges’ perceptions of facility dogs used to comfort witnesses during testimony in courtrooms. Content analysis of an open-ended survey question revealed that most judges support facility dog use to some degree, especially for children and in family, dependency, or juvenile courts. Perceived benefits included providing emotional support for witnesses who then could be calmer and provide better testimony (e.g., more accurate, more truthful, clearer). Perceived drawbacks included potential disruption, access issues for those allergic to or afraid of dogs, and bias. We discuss future research and implications for judges, advocates, and researchers.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 1","pages":"41-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84301972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Operationalizing ICWA compliance to improve Native American child & family outcomes","authors":"Melanie Sage, Carenlee Barkdull","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12212","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfcj.12212","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 1978 Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA) is a federal law enacted to prevent the unnecessary removal of tribal children from their families and cultures. This methodological report describes how a research team operationalized court compliance with ICWA through a statewide record audit conducted over three years in a Midwestern state.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We designed an ICWA Compliance Checklist to serve as a basis for evaluating ICWA compliance and used it to assess court records. We analyzed the process of developing a compliance tool and documented the lessons learned.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Methodological difficulties included matching research strategies to available data and negotiating the project's scope with the partners. However, the Checklist provided a unique opportunity to report on statewide compliance and shape local practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Amid increasing calls for the use of system data, social work scholars can consider strategies for a successful research partnership and bring an advocacy perspective to the assessment of public data, especially regarding sovereignty issues.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"73 1","pages":"7-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85003109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}