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Juvenile and Family Court Journal最新文献

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The interaction of mental health and race and ethnicity in juvenile justice placement decisions 心理健康与种族和民族在少年司法安置决定中的相互作用
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12244
Samantha M. Margherio, Adam T. Schmidt, Danielle Boekankamp, Erin M. Espinosa
{"title":"The interaction of mental health and race and ethnicity in juvenile justice placement decisions","authors":"Samantha M. Margherio,&nbsp;Adam T. Schmidt,&nbsp;Danielle Boekankamp,&nbsp;Erin M. Espinosa","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfcj.12244","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigated the interaction of mental health needs and race and ethnicity on juvenile justice placement decisions. Mental health diagnoses and placement decisions were collected for a large (<i>n</i> = 9765) sample of justice-involved youth in the state of Texas from 2007 to 2008. Analyses revealed Black and Hispanic youth were overrepresented in secure facilities, although race and ethnicity were not predictive of disposition decisions beyond legal variables. Substance use interacted with race and ethnicity such that Black and Hispanic youth with substance use diagnoses were less likely than non-Hispanic White youth to be placed in secure settings. Youth with internalizing or externalizing mental health diagnoses received similar placement decisions regardless of race or ethnicity. Findings are in contrast to prior investigations of the interaction of race/ethnicity and mental health needs on placement decisions, perhaps due to the use of mental health diagnoses in the current study rather than other indicators of mental health need. Future research should investigate potential bias present within psychosocial evaluations and resulting mental health diagnoses within the juvenile justice system to inform their utility in the placement decision-making process, and how these social identities interact to influence each step along the juvenile justice system pathway to identify potential points of biased decision making that may compound the adverse effects of juvenile justice system involvement for youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"74 3","pages":"15-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jfcj.12244","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50130547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Age at migration matters: Offending among the first generation 移民年龄问题：第一代人的不满
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12245
Omar Melchor Ayala
{"title":"Age at migration matters: Offending among the first generation","authors":"Omar Melchor Ayala","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfcj.12245","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent political events have brought renewed attention to the adaptation of immigrants in the United States, and their involvement in crime. Immigrants vary significantly in terms of when they migrate into the country. According to the Current Population Survey (CPS) (2017), of the population of approximately 13 million foreign-born immigrant children living in the United States, approximately 40% arrived during early childhood, 30% during middle childhood, and 30% during adolescence. A better understanding of the relationship between age at migration and offending can inform not only immigration policies, and policies related to the control of crime, but also policies related to immigrant-receiving institutions such as schools and social services. Using data from The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97), this study explores the influence of age at migration on criminal offending among foreign-born immigrants who migrated prior to adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"74 3","pages":"31-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50130548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trauma-Informed Care for Justice-Involved Youth: A narrative review and synthesis 司法介入青年的创伤知情护理：叙述性回顾和综合
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12236
LeRoi Hill, James E. Barnett, James Ward, Allison Morton, Adam T. Schmidt
{"title":"Trauma-Informed Care for Justice-Involved Youth: A narrative review and synthesis","authors":"LeRoi Hill,&nbsp;James E. Barnett,&nbsp;James Ward,&nbsp;Allison Morton,&nbsp;Adam T. Schmidt","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfcj.12236","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Justice-involved youth (JIY) experience extremely high prevalence rates of trauma prior to their involvement in the juvenile justice system. Trauma outcomes are heterogeneous, long-term, and may influence JIY outcomes. Although specific evidence-based treatments (EBTs) target trauma symptoms, few studies have examined treatment outcomes in relation to adolescent populations, and even fewer have examined treatment outcomes in relation to JIY. This review examines evidence supporting the effectiveness of trauma-focused treatments with JIY. The existing literature suggests trauma-focused interventions may be a promising avenue for improving both mental health and juvenile justice outcomes for JIY. Clinical practice and policy implications are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"74 2","pages":"21-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50150747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Racism and incarcerated African American adolescents 种族主义与被监禁的非裔美国青少年
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12237
Eman Tadros Ph.D., LMFT
{"title":"Racism and incarcerated African American adolescents","authors":"Eman Tadros Ph.D., LMFT","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfcj.12237","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the United States, approximately 34% to 36% of juveniles (those under age 17) processed in the court system in 2018 were Black (Abrams et al., 2021). This article examines the dynamics of race with incarcerated Black adolescents. Black adolescents who have been or are incarcerated face similar systemic challenges as any other adolescent and must also be mindful of re-entry into their communities. These challenges are multifaceted and dually complex when an adolescent is both incarcerated and Black. A literary review is provided then intersections of the topics are discussed to conceptualize and provide practical applications. Clinical implications for therapists are offered to practitioners working in the juvenile justice system.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"74 2","pages":"35-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50150748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The relationships among prior gang involvement, current gang involvement, and victimization among youth in residential placement 安置青年中先前帮派参与、当前帮派参与和受害之间的关系
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12235
Jim Clark, Amanda B. Gilman, James C. (Buddy) Howell, Meena Harris
{"title":"The relationships among prior gang involvement, current gang involvement, and victimization among youth in residential placement","authors":"Jim Clark,&nbsp;Amanda B. Gilman,&nbsp;James C. (Buddy) Howell,&nbsp;Meena Harris","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfcj.12235","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines patterns of victimization among youth in residential placement facilities using data from the Survey of Youth in Residential Placement. Findings indicate that gang involvement in residential placement is associated with multiple forms of victimization. However, desistance from gang membership resulted in rates of victimization among gang members that were no different from those of youth who had never been involved in gangs. These findings support prior research showing that gang involvement does not appear to serve as a protective function and further specifies the nature and contexts of the relationship between gang association and victimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"74 2","pages":"5-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50150743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Confronting the ghost of Elizabeth Gillam: A new look at Ex parte Crouse (1839) 直面伊丽莎白·吉拉姆的鬼魂：对克莉丝汀·克劳斯的重新审视（1839）
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12238
Erica Robison
{"title":"Confronting the ghost of Elizabeth Gillam: A new look at Ex parte Crouse (1839)","authors":"Erica Robison","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfcj.12238","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article revisits the 1839 Pennsylvania Supreme Court case <i>Ex parte Crouse</i> in light of new historical information. While most legal scholars and historians have analyzed <i>Ex parte Crouse</i> with the assumption that Mary Ann Crouse was sent to the Philadelphia House of Refuge without committing any crime, a search at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania revealed the existence of Crouse's admission record detailing how she had killed a two-year-old child. This finding undermines the extensive conclusions that scholars have drawn about the case's significance and highlights the importance of archival work in legal studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"74 2","pages":"43-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jfcj.12238","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50150749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Indian Child Welfare Act during the Brackeen years Bracken时代的印度儿童福利法案
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12231
Kathryn E. Fort, Adrian T. Smith
{"title":"The Indian Child Welfare Act during the Brackeen years","authors":"Kathryn E. Fort,&nbsp;Adrian T. Smith","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfcj.12231","url":null,"abstract":"<p>From 2017 through 2022, while the Indian Child Welfare Act (“ICWA”) was under direct constitutional attack from Texas, state courts around the country continued hearing appeals on ICWA with virtually no regard for the decision-making happening in <i>Haaland v. Brackeen</i> in the federal courts. For practitioners following or working on both sets of cases, this duality felt surreal, as they practiced their daily work under an existential threat. The data in this article draw from the authors' previous publications providing annual updates on ICWA appeals, and now include cases through 2021. It provides a description of appellate data trends across this time period, as well as for each year, while also highlighting key appellate decisions from jurisdictions across the country. Perhaps what this article demonstrates more than any single thing is the amount that ICWA is a part of child welfare practitioners' daily lives now, in a way that will be difficult to upend, regardless of the Supreme Court's ultimate decision.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"9-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jfcj.12231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50136042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring Indian Child Welfare Act implementation and case outcomes 探讨《印度儿童福利法》的实施和案例结果
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12232
Alicia Summers
{"title":"Exploring Indian Child Welfare Act implementation and case outcomes","authors":"Alicia Summers","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfcj.12232","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite the passage of the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA) more than four decades ago, little is known about how or how well it is being implemented into practice by the state courts or how implementation may be related to improved outcomes for Indian children and families. This study explores how ICWA implementation in five state court sites is related to case outcomes. One hundred and fifty-one ICWA cases were reviewed for factors including active efforts findings, tribal presence at hearings, use of qualified expert witness (QEW) testimony, notice, and confirmation of ICWA status. Results are mixed. Specific ICWA implementation measures and aggregate measures were mostly not related to outcomes, but early implementation, such as having the tribe present at the first hearing, did appear related to timely permanency. Implications of these findings and future research directions are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"37-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50136043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Looking for a system with its head and heart in balance: Using institutional analysis to assess Indian child welfare act implementation in Saint Louis County, Minnesota 寻找一个头脑和心灵平衡的系统：利用制度分析评估明尼苏达州圣路易斯县的印度儿童福利法案实施情况
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12234
Bree Bussey, Mark Erickson, Sophia Gatowski, Maren Woods, Denise Eng, Amanda Watson
{"title":"Looking for a system with its head and heart in balance: Using institutional analysis to assess Indian child welfare act implementation in Saint Louis County, Minnesota","authors":"Bree Bussey,&nbsp;Mark Erickson,&nbsp;Sophia Gatowski,&nbsp;Maren Woods,&nbsp;Denise Eng,&nbsp;Amanda Watson","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfcj.12234","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since the passage of the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA), state and county human service systems have struggled to implement its provisions in a manner that incorporates the spirit and the letter of the law. This article provides a descriptive overview of a jurisdictionally specific tribal-state partnership team's adaptation of Institutional Analysis, a needs assessment methodology developed by Praxis International, as an alternative methodology to compliance measurement and to identify needs in ICWA implementation. We share a description of our process and experience, our theory of change for human services systems seeking to improve their treatment of American Indian families, and provide some lessons from our experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"71-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jfcj.12234","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50136044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effectiveness of an ICWA Court at achieving improved ICWA implementation and outcomes: A pre-post intervention study ICWA法院在改善ICWA执行和结果方面的有效性：干预前后研究
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
Juvenile and Family Court Journal Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.1111/jfcj.12233
Sophia Gatowski, Alicia Summers, Bree Bussey
{"title":"The effectiveness of an ICWA Court at achieving improved ICWA implementation and outcomes: A pre-post intervention study","authors":"Sophia Gatowski,&nbsp;Alicia Summers,&nbsp;Bree Bussey","doi":"10.1111/jfcj.12233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfcj.12233","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article presents findings from a quasi-experimental study of the St. Louis County (Duluth, Minnesota) ICWA Court examining its effectiveness at achieving improved ICWA implementation and a better case process and outcomes for Indian families. Using a case file review method, cases prior to implementing the ICWA Court were compared to post-ICWA Court cases on demographics, case characteristics, application of ICWA requirements, presence of parties at hearings, achievement of child permanency outcomes, and permanency timeliness. Compared to pre-ICWA Court, this study found several statistically significant improvements in the ICWA Court's handling of cases, including taking less time to confirm the case as an ICWA case, greater appearance of tribal representatives by the Dispositional review hearing stage, more active efforts findings, more placements with relatives at earlier stages of the case, more placement with relative outcomes when reunifications were not possible, and timelier permanency.</p>","PeriodicalId":44632,"journal":{"name":"Juvenile and Family Court Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"51-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50136045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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