Journal of Continuing Higher Education最新文献

Dopamine neurons drive spatiotemporally heterogeneous striatal dopamine signals during learning. 多巴胺神经元在学习过程中驱动时空异质性纹状体多巴胺信号

Journal of Continuing Higher Education Pub Date : 2024-03-30 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.01.547331

Liv Engel, Amy R Wolff, Madelyn Blake, Val L Collins, Sonal Sinha, Benjamin T Saunders

{"title":"Dopamine neurons drive spatiotemporally heterogeneous striatal dopamine signals during learning.","authors":"Liv Engel, Amy R Wolff, Madelyn Blake, Val L Collins, Sonal Sinha, Benjamin T Saunders","doi":"10.1101/2023.07.01.547331","DOIUrl":"10.1101/2023.07.01.547331","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental cues, through Pavlovian learning, become conditioned stimuli that invigorate and guide animals toward acquisition of rewards. Dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra (SNC) are crucial for this process. Dopamine neurons are embedded in a reciprocally connected network with their striatal targets, the functional organization of which remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated how learning during optogenetic Pavlovian cue conditioning of VTA or SNC dopamine neurons directs cue-evoked behavior and shapes subregion-specific striatal dopamine dynamics. We used a fluorescent dopamine biosensor to monitor dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) core and shell, dorsomedial striatum (DMS), and dorsolateral striatum (DLS). We demonstrate spatially heterogeneous, learning-dependent dopamine changes across striatal regions. While VTA stimulation evoked robust dopamine release in NAc core, shell, and DMS, cues predictive of this activation preferentially recruited dopamine release in NAc core, starting early in training, and DMS, late in training. Corresponding negative prediction error signals, reflecting a violation in the expectation of dopamine neuron activation, only emerged in the NAc core and DMS, and not the shell. Despite development of vigorous movement late in training, conditioned dopamine signals did not similarly emerge in the DLS, even during Pavlovian conditioning with SNC dopamine neuron activation, which elicited robust DLS dopamine release. Together, our studies show broad dissociation in the fundamental prediction and reward-related information generated by different dopamine neuron populations and signaled by dopamine across the striatum. Further, they offer new insight into how larger-scale plasticity across the striatal network emerges during Pavlovian learning to coordinate behavior.","PeriodicalId":44549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Continuing Higher Education","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10996462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81425126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A nucleoid-associated protein is involved in the emergence of antibiotic resistance by promoting the frequent exchange of the replicative DNA polymerase in M. smegmatis. 一种核团相关蛋白通过促进烟曲霉中复制 DNA 聚合酶的频繁交换，参与了抗生素耐药性的产生。

Journal of Continuing Higher Education Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.12.544663

Wei L Ng, E Hesper Rego

{"title":"A nucleoid-associated protein is involved in the emergence of antibiotic resistance by promoting the frequent exchange of the replicative DNA polymerase in M. smegmatis.","authors":"Wei L Ng, E Hesper Rego","doi":"10.1101/2023.06.12.544663","DOIUrl":"10.1101/2023.06.12.544663","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic resistance in M. tuberculosis exclusively originates from chromosomal mutations, either during normal DNA replication or under stress, when the expression of error-prone DNA polymerases increases to repair damaged DNA. To bypass DNA lesions and catalyze error-prone DNA synthesis, translesion polymerases must be able to access the DNA, temporarily replacing the high-fidelity replicative polymerase. The mechanisms that govern polymerase exchange are not well understood, especially in mycobacteria. Here, using a suite of quantitative fluorescence imaging techniques, we discover that, as in other bacterial species, in M. smegmatis, the replicative polymerase, DnaE1, exchanges at a timescale much faster than that of DNA replication. Interestingly, this fast exchange rate depends on an actinobacteria-specific nucleoid-associated protein (NAP), Lsr2. In cells missing lsr2, DnaE1 exchanges less frequently, and the chromosome is replicated more faithfully. Additionally, in conditions that damage DNA, cells lacking lsr2 load the complex needed to bypass DNA lesions less effectively and, consistently, replicate with higher fidelity but exhibit growth defects. Together, our results show that Lsr2 promotes dynamic flexibility of the mycobacterial replisome, which is critical for robust cell growth and lesion repair in conditions that damage DNA.","PeriodicalId":44549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Continuing Higher Education","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10802252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86388738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nontraditional Students and Credit for Prior Learning—Analytical Thinking, Clout, Drives, and Motives 非传统学生与先学学分——分析思维、布局、驱动力和动机

IF 1.2

Journal of Continuing Higher Education Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.1080/07377363.2023.2222247

Catherine A. Cherrstrom, Carrie J. Boden, Todd Sherron

引用次数: 0

The Relations Among Math Anxiety, Math Self-Construct, and Math Achievement in Older and Underserved Minority Students 少数民族学生数学焦虑、数学自我建构与数学成绩的关系

IF 1.2

Journal of Continuing Higher Education Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/07377363.2023.2218580

Kit W. Cho, Dana Kongo

引用次数: 0

Examining the Perception of Military Culture in the Undergraduate University Classroom 高校本科课堂中军事文化认知的研究

IF 1.2

Journal of Continuing Higher Education Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.1080/07377363.2023.2196647

Heidi Boldway, Elizabeth Valenti, M. Zafonte

引用次数: 0

The Formation and Benefits of Communal Cohorts in an EdD Program EdD项目中社区团队的形成及其效益

IF 1.2

Journal of Continuing Higher Education Pub Date : 2023-05-18 DOI: 10.1080/07377363.2023.2191303

Leslie Gordon, Emily C. Chen-Bendle

引用次数: 0

Notes and Trends 注意事项和趋势

IF 1.2

Journal of Continuing Higher Education Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/07377363.2023.2203072

Mary s. Bonhomme

引用次数: 0

“I Didn’t Just Do It for Myself”: Exploring the Roles of Family in Adult Learner Persistence “我不只是为了我自己”:探索家庭在成人学习者坚持中的作用

IF 1.2

Journal of Continuing Higher Education Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/07377363.2021.2023989

Safietou Sagna, Annemarie Vaccaro

引用次数: 0

Turning Coffee Time into Teaching Moments Through Bite-Sized Learning for Adult Learners 通过成人学习将咖啡时间变成教学时刻

IF 1.2

Journal of Continuing Higher Education Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/07377363.2021.2024000

Yan Yin Ho, Eun-Young Yeo, Dhaniah Suhana Binte Mohammad Wijaya

{"title":"Turning Coffee Time into Teaching Moments Through Bite-Sized Learning for Adult Learners","authors":"Yan Yin Ho, Eun-Young Yeo, Dhaniah Suhana Binte Mohammad Wijaya","doi":"10.1080/07377363.2021.2024000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07377363.2021.2024000","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The increasing number of adult learners in higher education is a trend that has been observed in recent years. An impetus for this trend is the need for upskilling and re-skilling in order to stay relevant and employable in today’s world of globalised knowledge. However, finding uninterrupted blocks of time to study in adult learners’ busy schedules may be challenging because of their many other commitments and responsibilities. Bite-sized learning, through the utilisation of micro-learning activities that learners can access anytime and anywhere on their mobile devices, is one method of helping adult learners better manage their studies and learn more effectively. Before adult educators put in the resources to develop bite-sized learning activities, it is nonetheless important to ascertain that adult learners would indeed utilise such provisions. This article discusses the results of a study conducted to investigate the utilisation of bite-sized learning by adult learners enrolled in a part-time undergraduate degree programme. Specifically, the study examined whether adult learners utilised bite-sized learning activities during pockets of “down time” in their busy schedules, especially during the daytime, since adult learners tend to study at night after work or over the weekends. The results showed that adult learners were keen to learn from bite-sized learning activities during these pockets of down time. Implications of the results and directions for future investigation, including the aptness of bite-sized learning in today’s COVID-19 situation, are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":44549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Continuing Higher Education","volume":"71 1","pages":"183 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42331344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Opportunities for Adult Learners in Ghana’s Higher Education Institutions: Limiting Factors and Strategies 加纳高等教育机构成人学习者的机会:限制因素与策略

IF 1.2

Journal of Continuing Higher Education Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.1080/07377363.2023.2178664

I. Biney, Inusah Salifu

引用次数: 0