Asian Bioethics Review最新文献_第6页

All you Need is Trust? Public Perspectives on Consenting to Participate in Genomic Research in the Sri Lankan District of Colombo 你需要的只是信任吗？斯里兰卡科伦坡地区同意参与基因组研究的公众观点

IF 1.3

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00269-y

Krishani Jayasinghe, W. A. S. Chamika, Kaushalya Jayaweera, Kalpani Abhayasinghe, Lasith Dissanayake, Athula Sumathipala, Jonathan Ives

{"title":"All you Need is Trust? Public Perspectives on Consenting to Participate in Genomic Research in the Sri Lankan District of Colombo","authors":"Krishani Jayasinghe, W. A. S. Chamika, Kaushalya Jayaweera, Kalpani Abhayasinghe, Lasith Dissanayake, Athula Sumathipala, Jonathan Ives","doi":"10.1007/s41649-023-00269-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-023-00269-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Engagement with genomic medicine and research has increased globally during the past few decades, including rapid developments in Sri Lanka. Genomic research is carried out in Sri Lanka on a variety of scales and with different aims and perspectives. However, there are concerns about participants' understanding of genomic research, including the validity of informed consent. This article reports a qualitative study aiming to explore the understanding, knowledge, and attitudes of the Sri Lankan public towards genomic medicine and to inform the development of an effective and appropriate process for informed consent in that setting. Purposive sampling was employed. Participants were recruited from a sub-group of the public in Colombo, Sri Lanka who had either consented or refused to donate genetic material for a biobank. Data were collected using face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Interview data were transcribed verbatim and translated into English. Conventional content analysis was used. The analysis developed three key themes: a) ‘Scientific literacy’ describes an apparent lack of scientific knowledge that seems to affect a participant’s ability to understand the research, b) ‘Motivation’ describes narratives about why participants chose (not) to take part in the research, despite not understanding it, and c) ‘Trust’ describes how trust served to mitigate the apparent ethical deficit created by not being fully informed. In this article, we argue that informed trust is likely an acceptable basis for consent, particularly in settings where scientific literacy might be low. However, researchers must work to be worthy of that trust and ensure that misconceptions are actively addressed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"16 2","pages":"281 - 302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41649-023-00269-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139211743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Providing a Platform for Myriad Forms of Bioethics Research 为各种形式的生物伦理研究提供平台

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Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00270-5

Graeme T. Laurie

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The Limitations of Ethical Review: the Protection-Inclusion Dilemma 伦理审查的局限性：保护与包容的两难选择

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Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00265-2

Akira Akabayashi, Deborah Zion

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Unraveling Informality and Precarity: New Labor Law Strategies for the Global Reproduction Network of Cross-Border Surrogacy 揭开非正规性和不公正性的面纱：跨境代孕全球繁殖网络的新劳动法战略

IF 1.3

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00262-5

Yingyi Luo

{"title":"Unraveling Informality and Precarity: New Labor Law Strategies for the Global Reproduction Network of Cross-Border Surrogacy","authors":"Yingyi Luo","doi":"10.1007/s41649-023-00262-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-023-00262-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper provides an analysis of the complex global reproduction networks driving the rapidly expanding cross-border surrogacy industry in Asia’s reproductive bioeconomy. It sheds light on the unique features of informal surrogacy networks, notable for their flexible business ties and non-standardized surrogate mother recruitment. These factors contribute to heightened vulnerability for surrogate mothers operating within these networks. While previous literature has underscored the merits of labor law in regulating the surrogacy industry, its application in informal cross-border surrogacy remains under-examined. To address this gap, this research delves into innovative labor law strategies with potential to better regulate the surrogacy sector. Drawing inspiration from progressive labor regulations and supply chain strategies in Bulgaria and Australia, the proposed model aims to redefine the traditional employment relationship. This shift is aimed at bolstering protection for surrogate mothers and enforcing accountability throughout the surrogacy business network. The model further advocates for a collective framework that fosters collaboration and mandates the documentation and registration of surrogacy contracts. Moreover, it underscores the critical significance of international collaboration in bridging regulatory gaps and distributing accountability across consumer and supply states.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"16 2","pages":"185 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136346759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical Issues in Photovoice Studies involving Key Populations: A Scoping Review 涉及关键人群的摄影选择研究中的伦理问题：范围审查

IF 1.3

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00264-3

Chong Guan Ng, Sing Qin Ting, Rumana Akhter Saifi, Adeeba Bt Kamarulzaman

{"title":"Ethical Issues in Photovoice Studies involving Key Populations: A Scoping Review","authors":"Chong Guan Ng, Sing Qin Ting, Rumana Akhter Saifi, Adeeba Bt Kamarulzaman","doi":"10.1007/s41649-023-00264-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-023-00264-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Photovoice, a community-based participatory research method, employs images and words to convey participants' needs, concerns, and desires. It proves particularly valuable in researching marginalized communities who face elevated health risks, disease transmission, and social and health disparities. This paper seeks to investigate the ethical considerations inherent in photovoice research projects. We conducted an extensive literature review spanning four databases to identify pertinent photovoice studies. Ethical issues from the selected articles were identified, categorized, and summarized. Our analysis of twenty-five photovoice studies uncovered various ethical concerns, which had been grouped into informed consent, participant safety and disclosure, privacy and confidentiality, misrepresentation, power dynamics, and compensation. In essence, our findings underscore the importance of addressing these ethical concerns to uphold the rights and autonomy of participants, even as photovoice research strives for authenticity, inclusivity, and empowerment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"16 1","pages":"109 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41649-023-00264-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136346818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristics of Life-Sustaining Treatment Decisions: National Data Analysis in South Korea 维持生命治疗决定的特点：韩国全国数据分析

IF 1.3

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2023-11-11 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00266-1

Jiyeon Choi, Heejung Jeon, Ilhak Lee

{"title":"Characteristics of Life-Sustaining Treatment Decisions: National Data Analysis in South Korea","authors":"Jiyeon Choi, Heejung Jeon, Ilhak Lee","doi":"10.1007/s41649-023-00266-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-023-00266-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study analyzed the national data on life-sustaining treatment decisions from 2018 to 2020 to find out the characteristics of South Korea’s end-of-life procedure according to the decision-making approach and process. We collected the data of 84,422 patients registered with the National Agency for Management of Life-sustaining Treatment. We divided the patients into four groups (G1, G2, G3, and G4) according to the decision-making approach. A descriptive analysis of each group was conducted using indicators such as the patient’s age, status, diagnosis, and content of forgoing life-sustaining treatment. Additionally, logistic regression analysis was performed by dividing the patients into self-determining (G1, G2) and non-self-determining patients (G3, G4). Cancer was the most common diagnosis for each group. The period from life-sustaining treatment decision to implementation was 10.76, 1.01, 0.86, and 1.19 days for G1, G2, G3, and G4, respectively. In the logistic regression analysis, the self-determination ratio was higher for 40–49 years old and lower for cardiovascular disease and gastrointestinal disease. Age was has a major impact on life-sustaining treatment decisions (LSTD), and with increase in age, the family, and not the patient, made the LSTD. The LSTD method also differed depending on the disease. The self-determination rates of patients with circulatory or digestive diseases were somewhat lower than that of those with neoplastic diseases. The period from decision-making to implementation is short for end-of-life care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"16 1","pages":"33 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135043138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shinmi (親身): a Distinctive Japanese Medical Virtue? 信美（亲身）：日本独特的医德？

IF 1.3

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2023-11-04 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00261-6

Reina Ozeki-Hayashi, Dominic J. C. Wilkinson

{"title":"Shinmi (親身): a Distinctive Japanese Medical Virtue?","authors":"Reina Ozeki-Hayashi, Dominic J. C. Wilkinson","doi":"10.1007/s41649-023-00261-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-023-00261-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Western countries, the ideal professional and ethical attributes of healthcare providers and the ideal patient-doctor relationship have been analysed in detail. Other cultures, however, may have different norms, arising in response to diverse healthcare needs, cultural values and offering alternative perspectives. In this paper, drawing a case study, we introduce the concept of <i>Shinmi</i>, used in Japan to describe a desirable approach to medical care. <i>Shinmi</i> means kind or cordial in Japanese. In the medical context, it refers to doctors treating patients with a degree of emotional closeness as if they were the doctors’ own family. We analyse the concept of <i>Shinmi</i>, drawing on virtue ethics. We distinguish two different elements to a <i>Shinmi-na</i> attitude. As illustrated in our example, excessive <i>Shinmi</i> can be problematic for patients and doctors. Furthermore, elements of <i>Shinmi</i> may conflict with existing Western values (for example, norms that encourage emotional detachment and discourage doctors’ treatment of family members). However, if pursued appropriately, we argue that a balanced <i>Shinmi</i>-na approach can be conducive to the goals of medicine. The concept of <i>Shinmi</i> may be valuable for medical students, in Japanese and potentially other health care systems, and help them to cultivate a virtuous approach to meeting the emotional needs of patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"16 4","pages":"563 - 573"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41649-023-00261-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135773393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond Public Health and Private Choice: Breastfeeding, Embodiment and Public Health Ethics 超越公共卫生与私人选择：母乳喂养、体现与公共卫生伦理

IF 1.3

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00259-0

Supriya Subramani

{"title":"Beyond Public Health and Private Choice: Breastfeeding, Embodiment and Public Health Ethics","authors":"Supriya Subramani","doi":"10.1007/s41649-023-00259-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-023-00259-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The key objective of this paper is to emphasize the importance of acknowledging breastfeeding as an embodied social practice within interventions related to breastfeeding and lactation and illustrate how this recognition holds implications for public health ethics debates. Recent scholarship has shown that breastfeeding and lactation support interventions undermine women’s autonomy. However, substantial discourse is required to determine how to align with public health goals while also recognizing the embodied experiences of breastfeeding and lactating individuals. Presently, interventions in this realm predominantly revolve around health-related messaging and the promotion of individual behaviors, often neglecting the systemic and structural factors that influence choices and practices. I closely examine breastfeeding interventions in India, in particular Mothers’ Absolute Affection health promotion program, along with breastfeeding narratives. I argue that for such interventions to evolve, they must acknowledge the intrinsic embodied social nature of breastfeeding during their design and implementation. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize that achieving equity and justice objectives necessitates moving beyond the confines of both conventional public health frameworks and frameworks solely centered on private choices. Instead, a more encompassing approach that embraces the concept of embodiment should be adopted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"16 2","pages":"249 - 266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41649-023-00259-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136381937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nurturing Ethical Leadership and Equity in Malaysia: Report from the Third National Paediatric Bioethics Symposium 在马来西亚培养伦理领导力和公平：第三届全国儿科生命伦理学研讨会报告

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Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00263-4

Erwin Jiayuan Khoo

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Islamic Viewpoints on Opportunistic Sex Selection of IVF Embryos upon doing Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Preventing Genetic Diseases 伊斯兰教关于为预防遗传疾病而进行植入前基因检测时对试管婴儿胚胎进行机会性性别选择的观点

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Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2023-10-14 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00258-1

Sayyed Mohamed Muhsin, Shaima Zohair Arab, Alexis Heng Boon Chin

{"title":"Islamic Viewpoints on Opportunistic Sex Selection of IVF Embryos upon doing Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Preventing Genetic Diseases","authors":"Sayyed Mohamed Muhsin, Shaima Zohair Arab, Alexis Heng Boon Chin","doi":"10.1007/s41649-023-00258-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-023-00258-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) of IVF embryos have gained much traction in clinical assisted reproduction for preventing various genetic defects, including Down syndrome. However, such genetic tests inevitably reveal the sex of IVF embryos by identifying the sex (X and Y) chromosomes. In many countries with less stringent IVF regulations, information on the sex of embryos that are tested to be genetically normal is readily shared with patients. This would thus present Muslim patients with unintended opportunities for sex selection based on personal or social biases without any pressing need or valid medical reason. Additionally, there are other patients who claim using PGT for preventing genetic defects as a pretext or “convenient excuse,” with a secret intention to do sex selection when it is banned in their home country. Currently, non-medical sex selection is a highly-controversial and hotly debated issue in Islam, because there is generally a strong preference for having sons over daughters due to widespread cultural norms of elderly parents depending on their sons for financial support, as well as the need for male heirs to continue the family lineage within the backdrop of local patriarchal cultures. There is a risk of gender imbalance and social disequilibrium occurring in Islamic societies due to prevalent sex selection. Hence, the question is whether opportunistic sex selection with PGT would contravene Islamic ethics and principles, which will thus be discussed here.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"16 2","pages":"223 - 232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135804005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0