Asian Bioethics Review最新文献_第6页

Who Cares How Information Feels? A Call for Digital Influence Literacy 谁在乎信息给人的感觉？呼吁数字影响素养。

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00350-0

Theresa M. Senft

{"title":"Who Cares How Information Feels? A Call for Digital Influence Literacy","authors":"Theresa M. Senft","doi":"10.1007/s41649-024-00350-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-024-00350-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article introduces digital influence literacy, arguing for its inclusion in programs devoted to lessening the spread of health misinformation online. Influence literacy can be roughly understood as the capacity to recognise, analyse, navigate, and emotionally regulate feeling as it is generated, circulated and monetized over digital platforms, alternately experienced by social media users as mood, movement, sentiment, or environmental vibe. Combining insights from communications, social and behavioural psychology, digital design, and trauma studies, influence literacy can be used to better understand events like #FilmYourHospital, where a single rumour on Twitter wound up feeding into a global conspiracy. It can also be used to better appreciate how trends, memes, challenges, and calls for justice move from online spaces to offline ones. After arguing that traditional media literacy’s assumptions about the value of emotional communication require substantial re-thinking in the age of platforms, this article lays the groundwork for topics that might be included in discussions on influence, moving from psycho-social theories of feeling to techno-social operations like emotion recognition, sentiment mining, persuasive computing and emotion optimization on platforms. To assist those looking to add influence literacy to classrooms, a teaching framework called the Influence Ecosphere is offered, with discussion topics suggested to help supplement media literacy’s traditional focus on rights with a feeling-based ethics of care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 3","pages":"477 - 493"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Infodemic Management and Government Disinformation: The Brazilian Experience 信息管理和政府虚假信息：巴西的经验。

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00353-x

Isabella Ballalai, Rodrigo Schrage Lins

{"title":"Infodemic Management and Government Disinformation: The Brazilian Experience","authors":"Isabella Ballalai, Rodrigo Schrage Lins","doi":"10.1007/s41649-024-00353-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-024-00353-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The COVID-19 pandemic, one of the most critical health crises in recent history, resulted in nearly 7 million deaths worldwide. The ensuing infodemic, characterized by the proliferation of information about the virus and vaccines, persisted beyond the cessation of the international public health emergency. In Brazil, this infodemic had collateral effects, including increase and structuring of anti-vaccine groups, reduced overall vaccine coverage, and a crisis of public trust, exacerbated by government dissemination of disinformation through official channels. This paper examines the interplay between government authorities and disinformation in Brazil, identifying key pitfalls and actors instrumental in maintaining public trust. Given that trustworthy sources of information are foundational to effective infodemic management, the collaboration of medical scientific societies, government entities, and national and international agencies is essential for a robust response. Necessary investments include (1) implementing epidemiological surveillance through social listening; (2) establishing a transparent, efficient, and agile communication strategy from public health authorities; and (3) enforcing stringent regulations and accountability measures for online disinformation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 3","pages":"515 - 525"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Ethical Analysis of Public Attitudes towards Controlled Human Infection Studies in Singapore: Acceptability and Payment 新加坡公众对受控人类感染研究态度的伦理分析：可接受性和支付

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00335-z

Barnaby Young, Alberto Giubilini, Xin Hui Sam, Tamra Lysaght, Paul Anantharajah Tambyah, G Owen Schaefer, Julian Savulescu

{"title":"An Ethical Analysis of Public Attitudes towards Controlled Human Infection Studies in Singapore: Acceptability and Payment","authors":"Barnaby Young, Alberto Giubilini, Xin Hui Sam, Tamra Lysaght, Paul Anantharajah Tambyah, G Owen Schaefer, Julian Savulescu","doi":"10.1007/s41649-024-00335-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-024-00335-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Singapore is conducting its first controlled human infection (CHI) study, and is administering SARS-CoV-2 as the challenge agent. Ahead of this study, we conducted a survey to assess public perceptions in Singapore of CHI studies in general and with SARS-CoV-2, and the ethical issues they raise, including those around payments to research participants. Overall, there was large support for challenge studies in Singapore, suggesting they could obtain a social license. However, a minority strongly disagreed, and most respondents reported limited pre-survey knowledge about CHI studies. Importantly, Singaporeans support a higher incentive model of payment than is usually employed in challenge study research. They support either a Market Model or a Payment for Risk Model. There was most support for paying participants the highest rate offered—in our study, it was $SGD30 per hour. These results were broadly in line with a similar study in the UK, despite the latter having notably lower reported levels of public trust and, most recently, a highly criticized response to COVID-19. As such, general support for CHI studies may not be a direct function of background confidence in public or biomedical institutions but reflect other factors such as their intrinsic value and importance. More direct cross-cultural research in different contexts concerning attitudes towards CHI studies could help shed light on the extent that localized factors such as culture, history, and infrastructure affect both their acceptability and attitudes towards participant payment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"18 1","pages":"117 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41649-024-00335-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146001938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Easier Said than Done: The Politics of Medical Integration 说起来容易做起来难：医疗整合的政治

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00341-1

Kathryn Muyskens

引用次数: 0

A Defense of Abortion on the Basis of Self-defense 基于自卫的堕胎辩护。

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00312-6

Timothy Kirschenheiter

引用次数: 0

“Your Tumour Can Save Lives”: Re-examining Singapore’s Consent Procedures for the Use of De-identified Bio-specimens in Research “你的肿瘤可以挽救生命”：重新审视新加坡在研究中使用去识别生物标本的同意程序

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00327-z

Kylie J. Q. Heng, Shaun S. E. Loong, Gini W. W. Wong, Athena Ham, Aaron D’Sa, Mayank Dalakoti, Roger Foo, Jerry Menikoff

{"title":"“Your Tumour Can Save Lives”: Re-examining Singapore’s Consent Procedures for the Use of De-identified Bio-specimens in Research","authors":"Kylie J. Q. Heng, Shaun S. E. Loong, Gini W. W. Wong, Athena Ham, Aaron D’Sa, Mayank Dalakoti, Roger Foo, Jerry Menikoff","doi":"10.1007/s41649-024-00327-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-024-00327-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Consent in research is inarguably a highly contentious and debated topic. One of the biggest debates in research ethics revolves around the determination of when consent is necessary, as there is a need to balance participant protections and research advancements. Contrary to popular belief, obtaining informed consent may not necessarily be better for the participant. One illustration of this can be taken from the United States’ (US) 2011 proposal to require consent for the research use of de-identified bio-specimens under the applicable regulations (what is often referred to as the “Common Rule”). The proposed transition from no consent to broad consent was met with strong opposition from researchers and the public alike, highlighting the possible superiority of not requiring consent when de-identified bio-specimens are used in research. Against this backdrop, this article uses legal and bioethical perspectives to evaluate Singapore’s consent procedures for the secondary research use of de-identified bio-specimens, arguing that Singapore is ready and in need of further liberties to allow for more robust research advancements and better participant outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 4","pages":"717 - 727"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41649-024-00327-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Proliferation of Medical Clinics in Pakistani Street and Health Fragmentation: A Case Study 巴基斯坦街头医疗诊所的激增与卫生碎片化：个案研究

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00328-y

Jamil Ahmed Sheikh, Shuaib Farooq, Shehla Nazmeen, Ghulam Yasin

{"title":"The Proliferation of Medical Clinics in Pakistani Street and Health Fragmentation: A Case Study","authors":"Jamil Ahmed Sheikh, Shuaib Farooq, Shehla Nazmeen, Ghulam Yasin","doi":"10.1007/s41649-024-00328-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-024-00328-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The proliferation of medical clinics on urban streets in Pakistan presents a paradoxical situation that leads to healthcare fragmentation. Low- and middle-income countries like Pakistan face various challenges, exacerbating inequalities in access to delivery of treatment, low-quality standards, behavioral issues, a lack of accountability, and reduced patient satisfaction, which lead to inefficiencies. This study examines the elements that contribute to this condition, such as patient preferences, organizational incentives, and the amount of patient knowledge. Data was collected through surveys (<i>N</i> = 158) and semi-structured interviews (<i>N</i> = 15) with patients, doctors, and healthcare staff. The research found that the proliferation of clinics and fragmentation of healthcare are not accidental. Various factors contribute to this situation, such as patient preferences and conveniences, referrals by initial physician, organizational panel, proximity, cost, and the level of patient education, among others. The findings highlight the need for concerted efforts to address the issues of trust, coordination, and doctor-patient contact in the healthcare environment.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 4","pages":"697 - 716"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Promoting Responsible Use of AI in African Healthcare: Strengthening Patients’ Moral Agency 促进在非洲医疗保健中负责任地使用人工智能：加强患者的道德能动性

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-025-00357-1

Edmund Terem Ugar

{"title":"Promoting Responsible Use of AI in African Healthcare: Strengthening Patients’ Moral Agency","authors":"Edmund Terem Ugar","doi":"10.1007/s41649-025-00357-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-025-00357-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Machine learning technologies deployed in several sub-Saharan African countries to assist medical practitioners have shown how such technologies can significantly extend the reach of limited medical personnel and equipment resources. However, while I praise the efficiency of these technologies in carrying out medical diagnosis and treatment recommendations, I raise some critical concerns about the normative shift that may occur in their usage in the region. An uncritical use or overreliance on these technologies may threaten shared decision-making between patients and doctors. While shared decision-making is an integral component of patient-centred care in contemporary medicine that must be respected, from a phenomenological perspective, the stakes are higher for sub-Saharan Africans. For Africans, the threat to shared decision-making may negatively impact a significant aspect of the community–interpersonal relationships. I contend that over-relying on these systems for clinical diagnosis and recommendations may diminish the value of interpersonal relationships between patients and doctors. I show how the practice of interpersonal relationships is integral in making a moral agent (to becoming a member of the moral community) within the sub-Saharan African value systems. Finally, this paper seeks to make novel contributions to value-sensitive healthcare/healthcare technology policies, guidelines and regulations within sub-Saharan Africa and countries in the global South that share similar ethical/cultural worldviews.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"18 1","pages":"157 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41649-025-00357-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146001977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Western Province, Papua New Guinea: Is Health Securitisation the Answer, or Merely a PHEIC Promise? 巴布亚新几内亚西部省的耐药结核病：医疗证券化是解决办法，还是仅仅是一个国际关注的公共卫生问题？

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00344-y

George Drewett

引用次数: 0

An Ethical Framework to Clinical Post-Mortem Examination in Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯临床尸检的伦理框架

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00331-3

Ruaim Muaygil, Khaldoon Aljerian

{"title":"An Ethical Framework to Clinical Post-Mortem Examination in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Ruaim Muaygil, Khaldoon Aljerian","doi":"10.1007/s41649-024-00331-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-024-00331-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Post-mortem examinations (PME) often yield valuable information regarding the cause and manner of death. They aid in identifying underlying disease, support public health efforts, and inform criminal investigations. In the clinical context, PME improves understanding of disease processes, prevents future illness in others, and provides comfort and closure to families. In Saudi Arabia, a multitude of cultural, religious, and ethical concerns often preclude frank discussions and contribute to the reluctance of both families and practitioners to pursue these examinations. In this paper, we contend that clinical PME should be routinely offered to family members after the unexplained death of an individual. To that end, we propose a religiously informed and culturally sensitive ethical framework, one that is cognizant of local cultural, ethical, and religious needs. We begin with an overview of PME, its development, and its current state in Saudi Arabia. Next, we examine the cultural, religious, and ethical challenges that contribute to the underutilization of PME. Finally, we address these challenges through our proposed framework in the hope that a more representative approach to PME will permit more utilization and benefit.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 4","pages":"753 - 764"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0