Asian Bioethics Review最新文献_第5页

A Tempered Rationalism for a Tempered Yuck Factor—Using Disgust in Bioethics 有节制的理性主义促进有节制的 "恶心因子"--在生物伦理学中使用 "恶心 "一词

IF 1.3

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00278-x

Konstantin Eckl, Konstantin Deininger

{"title":"A Tempered Rationalism for a Tempered Yuck Factor—Using Disgust in Bioethics","authors":"Konstantin Eckl, Konstantin Deininger","doi":"10.1007/s41649-023-00278-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-023-00278-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>When it comes to invasive manipulation of animals on the biological level, reactions of disgust are common and often influential on people’s moral judgments. As a case in point, the Belgian Blue, a breed of hyper-enhanced cattle which will serve as a case study for the present article, has historically been met with revulsion. Traditionally, in bio- and animal ethics, this ‘yuck factor,’ has been denied any productive role in proper moral justification, since rationalism is still a dominant paradigm in those disciplines. This is not surprising since rationalism offers the fulfilment of certain expectations we have of morality, like universality, intersubjective communicability, and objectivity. Increasingly, however, the preconceptions of rationalism have been brought into question, both through empirical as well as philosophical insights. In this paper, we will explore a way in which researchers who are, accordingly, critical of rationalism, and who wish to take seriously the role disgust plays in the formation of moral judgments when it comes to biological manipulation of animals, can do so without abandoning those virtues of rationalism which make it such an appealing position. We will do so by offering what we call a ‘tempered’ kind of rationalism, that is, one which conceives of rationality in the terms of Mary Midgley, not as distinct from, but as a possible function of, well-ordered emotion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"16 4","pages":"575 - 594"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41649-023-00278-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140369750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing a Framework for Self-regulatory Governance in Healthcare AI Research: Insights from South Korea 制定医疗人工智能研究自律治理框架：韩国的启示

IF 1.3

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00281-w

Junhewk Kim, So Yoon Kim, Eun-Ae Kim, Jin-Ah Sim, Yuri Lee, Hannah Kim

{"title":"Developing a Framework for Self-regulatory Governance in Healthcare AI Research: Insights from South Korea","authors":"Junhewk Kim, So Yoon Kim, Eun-Ae Kim, Jin-Ah Sim, Yuri Lee, Hannah Kim","doi":"10.1007/s41649-024-00281-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-024-00281-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper elucidates and rationalizes the ethical governance system for healthcare AI research, as outlined in the ‘Research Ethics Guidelines for AI Researchers in Healthcare’ published by the South Korean government in August 2023. In developing the guidelines, a four-phase clinical trial process was expanded to six stages for healthcare AI research: preliminary ethics review (stage 1); creating datasets (stage 2); model development (stage 3); training, validation, and evaluation (stage 4); application (stage 5); and post-deployment monitoring (stage 6). Researchers identified similarities between clinical trials and healthcare AI research, particularly in research subjects, management and regulations, and application of research results. In the step-by-step articulation of ethical requirements, this similarity benefits from a reliable and flexible use of existing research ethics governance resources, research management, and regulatory functions. In contrast to clinical trials, this procedural approach to healthcare AI research governance effectively highlights the distinct characteristics of healthcare AI research in research and development process, evaluation of results, and modifiability of findings. The model exhibits limitations, primarily in its reliance on self-regulation and lack of clear delineation of responsibilities. While formulated through multidisciplinary deliberations, its application in the research field remains untested. To overcome the limitations, the researchers’ ongoing efforts for educating AI researchers and public and the revision of the guidelines are expected to contribute to establish an ethical research governance framework for healthcare AI research in the South Korean context in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"16 3","pages":"391 - 406"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41649-024-00281-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140383235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Law and Ethics of Reproduction: Experiences and Perspectives from Asia 生殖的法律与伦理：亚洲的经验与观点

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Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00286-5

Graeme T. Laurie

引用次数: 0

Support for the Right to Life among Neonatal Intensive Care Nurses in Korea 韩国新生儿重症监护护士对生命权的支持

IF 1.3

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2024-02-24 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00277-y

Somin Kim, Sunhee Lee

{"title":"Support for the Right to Life among Neonatal Intensive Care Nurses in Korea","authors":"Somin Kim, Sunhee Lee","doi":"10.1007/s41649-023-00277-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-023-00277-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increase of high-risk newborns due to societal changes has presented neonatal intensive care unit nurses with more ethical challenges and heightened their perception of neonatal palliative care. Therefore, this study was a descriptive survey exploring the perceptions of neonatal intensive care unit nurse regarding biomedical ethics and neonatal palliative care in neonatal intensive care units. The research participants were 97 neonatal intensive care unit nurses who had been directly involved with end-of-life care for high-risk babies. Data were collected from November to December 2021 through an online survey. The Korean version of Neonatal Palliative Care Attitude Scale and the tool of biomedical ethics were used. The collected data were analyzed using the <i>T</i>-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. The mean score for perception of biomedical ethics in neonatal intensive care unit nurses was 2.89 of 4, and that of neonatal palliative care in neonatal intensive care unit nurses was 3.10 of 5. Existence of a protocol of neonatal palliative care, the experience of patients dying, and the right to life of neonates were factors influencing the perception of neonatal palliative care. The explanatory power was 12.5%. The data support the importance of guidelines regarding systematic neonatal palliative care. Also, developing programs for sharing and supporting experiences of patients dying among colleagues and persistent education about the right to life of neonates for neonatal intensive care unit nurses can improve perception of neonatal palliative care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"16 2","pages":"267 - 279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140435070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Dialogue between Hindu and Catholic Perspectives in Taking Care of Newborns at their End-of-Life 印度教和天主教在照顾临终新生儿方面的观点对话

IF 1.3

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00275-0

Giulia Adele Dinicola

{"title":"A Dialogue between Hindu and Catholic Perspectives in Taking Care of Newborns at their End-of-Life","authors":"Giulia Adele Dinicola","doi":"10.1007/s41649-023-00275-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-023-00275-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hinduism is considered one of the most ancient religions in the world. Although the technological innovation of modernization has undermined the reliance on their traditions, Hindus may still rely on Hindu Scripture when making decisions. From their standpoint, contrary to Western medicine, human lives cannot be reduced to statistical and empirical facts. They focus more on preserving the spirit, rather than considering survival as one of the goals of medicine. Consequently, when a preterm infant is born, Hindu parents might struggle to understand the goals of Western neonatologists. This divergence may create misunderstandings when discussing end-of-life decisions. Since they value relational aspects to be of utmost importance, they may accept treatments only in the likelihood of good neurological outcomes. Being able to interact allows Hindus to act virtuously with the aim of purifying their soul toward <i>moksa</i>. When it comes to end-of-life decisions on behalf of newborns, Hindu parents may opt to forgo treatments and let the baby peacefully die, while praying for their soul to have a better rebirth. This paper aims to evaluate quality-of-life assessment in the Hindu tradition in comparison with the Catholic tradition. It draws parallelisms between these two different religions to investigate whether an inter-religious dialogue is possible. This work will help Catholic, and more broadly Western, doctors to have a better understanding of the Hindu end-of-life views.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"16 2","pages":"233 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139686573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Clinical Ethics Consultations on Physicians in a Latin American Context 拉丁美洲背景下临床伦理咨询对医生的影响

IF 1.3

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00271-4

Nathalia Rodríguez-Suárez, Paula Prieto-Martínez

{"title":"The Impact of Clinical Ethics Consultations on Physicians in a Latin American Context","authors":"Nathalia Rodríguez-Suárez, Paula Prieto-Martínez","doi":"10.1007/s41649-023-00271-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-023-00271-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Clinical bioethics plays a significant role in hospital settings through bioethics consultations, which focus on providing ongoing assistance in complex situations within the doctor-patient dynamic. These consultations entail regular interaction between physicians and clinical bioethicists. This situation prompts an exploration into how bioethics consultations affect physicians. The current research aims to understand the influence of bioethics consultations on physicians’ bioethical knowledge by analyzing the lexical content in their patients’ medical records. Medical records are a synthesis carried out by physicians, often reflecting collaborative efforts, and capturing verbal statements indicative of thought processes suggestive of learning. The study is a sequential mixed-methods design with a retrospective descriptive approach, comparing medical records from the early years of the Department of Humanism and Bioethics’ operation (2013–2015) to the more recent ones (2019). Technical bioethical terminology such as “therapeutic effort limitation,” “futility,” “beneficence,” and “respect for autonomy” is more prevalent in recent medical records. This trend may stem from the positive impact of bioethics consultations conducted by the Department, with haptic communication serving as a particularly effective form of interaction with others during experiences of moral distress. This appears to be characteristic of cultures like those in Latin America.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"16 4","pages":"635 - 651"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139601869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Wearable Devices for Long COVID: Prospects, Challenges and Options 用于长 COVID 的可穿戴设备：前景、挑战和选择

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Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00272-3

Hui Yun Chan

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The Role of Male Consent in Assisted Reproductive Technology Procedures: an Examination of Japanese Court Cases 男性同意在辅助生殖技术程序中的作用：日本法院案例研究

IF 1.3

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00274-1

Yuko Muraoka, Minori Kokado, Kazuto Kato

{"title":"The Role of Male Consent in Assisted Reproductive Technology Procedures: an Examination of Japanese Court Cases","authors":"Yuko Muraoka, Minori Kokado, Kazuto Kato","doi":"10.1007/s41649-023-00274-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-023-00274-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the development of assisted reproductive technologies, medical, ethical, legal, and social issues have arisen that did not exist when natural conception was the only means of childbirth. In Japan, men tend to believe that assisted reproductive technologies are not directly related to them, with the literature showing that men are often reluctant to be involved in fertility treatment processes. To better understand this situation, this study analyzes the role of male consent during assisted reproductive technology procedures in Japan. First, we examined Japanese court cases that dealt with issues related to male consent during assisted reproductive technology procedures and identified three situations in which problems related to male consent during such procedures may arise. Next, we analyzed the background of such issues and the implications of the lack of consent regarding men’s reproductive rights. Finally, we explored the need for legislation on assisted reproductive technologies. The study concludes that discussions on the scope of male partner rights in assisted reproductive technology procedures are key for minimizing unnecessary conflict between partners, thus ensuring both the rights of women who wish to have children and the welfare of their children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"16 2","pages":"165 - 183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41649-023-00274-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139526099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Ethical and Regulatory Gaps in Aesthetic Medical Practice in Top Asian Medical Tourism Destinations 亚洲顶级医疗旅游目的地美容医疗实践中的伦理与监管空白

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Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00267-0

Nishakanthi Gopalan

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Counseling Elective Egg Freezing Patients considering Donation of Unused Surplus Frozen Eggs for Fertility Treatment 为考虑捐赠未使用的剩余冷冻卵子用于生育治疗的选择性冷冻卵子患者提供咨询

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Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-023-00268-z

Alexis Heng Boon Chin, Jean-Didier Bosenge Nguma, Charles Nkurunziza, Ningyu Sun, Guoqing Tong

{"title":"Counseling Elective Egg Freezing Patients considering Donation of Unused Surplus Frozen Eggs for Fertility Treatment","authors":"Alexis Heng Boon Chin, Jean-Didier Bosenge Nguma, Charles Nkurunziza, Ningyu Sun, Guoqing Tong","doi":"10.1007/s41649-023-00268-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-023-00268-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The majority of women who freeze their eggs for non-medical or social reasons, commonly referred to as elective egg freezing (EEF), do not eventually utilize their frozen eggs. This would result in an accumulated surplus of unused frozen eggs in fertility clinics worldwide, which represents a promising source of donation to infertile women undergoing IVF treatment. Rigorous and comprehensive counseling is needed, because the process of donating one’s unused surplus frozen eggs involves complex decision-making. Prospective EEF donors can be broadly categorized into those who have achieved motherhood and those who remained childless and have given up on motherhood aspirations. A two-step systematic counseling protocol is proposed. Firstly, it is imperative to verify and ensure that these women do not want to conceive any children with their surplus frozen eggs before proceeding with further counseling and signing of consent forms. Secondly, various motivating and dissuading factors in the donation of unused surplus frozen eggs should then be comprehensively discussed with egg freezers to facilitate informed decision-making. Key motivating factors for donation include reciprocity in wanting to share the joys of motherhood among egg freezers who already have children, goodwill to help others in need, and avoiding the wastage of surplus frozen eggs after expending so much money, time, and effort. Key dissuading factors include fear of accidental incest between natural and unknown donor-conceived offspring, as well as apprehension of unexpected future contact with unknown donor-conceived offspring due to either donor anonymity being abolished in their jurisdiction or widespread consumer DNA testing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"16 2","pages":"205 - 221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139212790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0