ARCHAEOFAUNA最新文献

{"title":"Animal consumption and social change: the vertebrates from Ditch 7 in the context of a diachronic approach to the faunal remains at Perdigões enclosure (3400-2000 BC)","authors":"N. Almeida, A. Valera","doi":"10.15366/archaeofauna2021.30.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/archaeofauna2021.30.005","url":null,"abstract":"The results from the study of the faunal assemblage from ditch 7 of the Perdigões enclosure (Reguengos de Monsaraz, Portugal) are presented. Dated to the Chalcolithic and the transition to the early Bronze Age it comprises a total of 3380 remains. Results show the rele- vance of swine, caprines, cervids, bovines and equids and their diachronic oscillation. Indicators of butchering and consumption were recorded, comprising cutmarks, anthropogenic breakage, thermo-alterations and tooth marks, the latter mainly of a carnivore origin. \u0000The spectra obtained were compared within the scope of the Perdigões chronology, from the late Middle Neolithic to the transition to the early Bronze Age (3400-2000 BC), thus representing a first approach to the diachronic behaviour of vertebrate consumption at the site. Domesticated species are prevalent but changes in the domesticated/wild ratio are evident with a wild input, mainly from red deer, of significance in the late Middle Neolithic and in the transition to the early Bronze Age, whereas the Late Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods have a growth in the domesticated component.","PeriodicalId":44490,"journal":{"name":"ARCHAEOFAUNA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47875161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caza de vicuñas en un refugio de las Tierras Altas de la Puna meridional de Chile (26° s)","authors":"Patricio López Mendoza, Carlos Carrasco González, Rodrigo Loyola Muñoz, Francisca Santana-Sagredo, Valentina Flores-Aqueveque, Antonio Maldonado Castro, Pablo Díaz-Jarufe","doi":"10.15366/archaeofauna2021.30.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/archaeofauna2021.30.004","url":null,"abstract":"Se presentan los resultados del análisis zooarqueológico del sitio Pedernales-1, emplazado a 3.379 m.s.n.m. en el salar de Pedernales (Región de Atacama, Chile), datado en 2.964-3.206 años cal. AP para el componente más temprano y en 539-634 años cal. AP para el más tardío. El registro faunístico se compone principalmente por restos de vicuñas (Vicugna vicugna) complementado con escasos restos de Lama sp., roedores, aves y carnívoros. De acuer- do con una serie de expectativas para sitios de altura, el registro es propio de bases residenciales ocupadas estivalmente, aunque también, se asocian a un tipo de paisaje configurado para la caza de vicuñas complejizando los modelos de caza, procesamiento, consumo y descarte de presas en base a una serie de escenarios discutidos en este y otros trabajos.","PeriodicalId":44490,"journal":{"name":"ARCHAEOFAUNA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41669368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"dogs of Roman Vindolanda, Part IV: Large sighthounds and guard and utility dogs","authors":"Deb Bennett, Robert M. TIMM","doi":"10.15366/archaeofauna2021.30.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/archaeofauna2021.30.010","url":null,"abstract":"In this report we investigate the origin and nature of morphological diversity in domestic dogs utilizing a database of over 1,000 recent and ancient canid skulls and skeletons. Integrated skull–skeleton analysis reveals eight functional groups, giving a clear picture of the extent and kind of morphological diversity produced by dog breeders in Europe, North Africa, and western Asia beginning in the Neolithic and intensifying about 2,100 years ago during the late Iron Age and Roman Era. We report nearly complete associated remains of a large sighthound from Vindolanda, a Roman-era fort–village site in northern England. With this we compare skulls of other sighthounds, and contrast them with remains of guard dogs from Vindolanda and other archaeological sites. The shape of jaw rami, relative size of teeth and state of dental wear, and the size and proportions of postcranial elements are the best differentiators of large dog morphotypes, while most skull parameters are less useful. The central section of the basicranium in ancient sighthounds (parameter Px which measures juvenilization) is little different from wolves, whereas in some modern breeds it is noticeably longer. By contrast, many ancient guard dogs have Px shorter than in wolves and show moderate juvenilization. Gracile sighthounds appear in the archaeological record in the Neolithic, while the earliest robust guard dogs appear later, in Iron Age sites. Building on results of previous work (Bennett & Timm, 2018) we continue to find intriguing similarities between west Asian dog","PeriodicalId":44490,"journal":{"name":"ARCHAEOFAUNA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42311499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The number of pores per area of eggshells is not always a reliable indicator of Rheidae species","authors":"J. L. Navarro, K. A. Garcia, G. Gonzalez, M. Martella","doi":"10.15366/archaeofauna2020.29.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/archaeofauna2020.29.012","url":null,"abstract":"From the end of the Pleistocene and up until the late Holocene, bones and abun- dant eggshell fragments testify to the hunting by the indigenous people of Rheidae in the Pampas and Chaco regions (greater rhea, Rhea americana), and in the Argentinian Patagonia (lesser/ Darwin´s rhea, R.pennata). The traditional method to set apart eggshell fragments from these two species consisted in counting the number pores on a given area to estimate their density. In this paper we evaluate the validity of this method with a new protocol to facilitate counting and assess its reliability on a large eggshell sample. As has been repeatedly proved, the greater rhea has a larger pore density than the lesser rhea. However, the variability of this density within each species, and even within the same egg, needs to be considered as this may lead to erroneous identification. More so when the number of pores per cm2 falls in the lowest range of the greater rhea or the highest range of the lesser rhea. In general, it is easier to misidentify a greater rheaeggshell fragment for that of the lesser rhea than the other way around. The possibility of misidentification also depends on the area of the shell that is being analyzed, since the original method did not apparently assess the density of pores in different areas of the same egg for each species. Although our results indicate that identification based on the original method is not as reliable as the one we propose here, a reappraisal of it with larger samples deriving from a larger specter of populations from both species would be recommendable.","PeriodicalId":44490,"journal":{"name":"ARCHAEOFAUNA","volume":"29 1","pages":"185-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42857429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zooarqueología de un basurero doméstico: proteína animal en los patrones de consumo del Grupo IV de Palenque, Chiapas","authors":"Andrés Ciudad Ruíz, Carlos Miguel Varela Scherrer, Jesús Adánez Pavón","doi":"10.15366/archaeofauna2020.29.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/archaeofauna2020.29.002","url":null,"abstract":"Un fertil basurero acumulado sobre el piso del patio subsidiario al oeste de la Es- tructura J3 del Grupo IV de Palenque, fue excavado en 2016, 2017 y 2018. Este deposito ha proporcionado interesantes datos acerca de los modos de vida de los habitantes, entre los que destacan sus habitos culinarios y de consumo. En el presente trabajo se investiga la fauna utiliza- da en la cocina de este grupo de elite subreal, en sus practicas de caza y sus habitos de consumo, pero tambien en la vida ceremonial y ritual de la comunidad.","PeriodicalId":44490,"journal":{"name":"ARCHAEOFAUNA","volume":"29 1","pages":"23-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43482722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuities and changes of animal exploitation across the Bronze Age – Iron Age boundary at mining sites in the Eastern Alps","authors":"Konstantina Saliari, Erich Pucher, M. Staudt, Gert Goldenberg","doi":"10.15366/archaeofauna2020.29.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/archaeofauna2020.29.005","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1990s, the Schwaz-Brixlegg mining district in the Lower Inn Valley, North Tyrol, Austria, features excavations on mostly Late Bronze (LBA) to Early Iron (EIA) Age sites, focusing on the reconstruction of metallurgic activities and of all aspects related to it. This paper reviews the Schwaz-Brixlegg archaeozoological materials and compares them with those from contemporaneous mining (copper and salt) sites on the Eastern Alps, to assess diet and subsistence strategies of the early alpine, geo-resource-centered, communities. \u0000The faunal remains from Schwaz-Brixlegg document a change in diet for the Lower Inn Valley area from the LBA to the EIA exemplified by a shift from a pig-based economy to another one based on cattle and occasionally small ruminants. These species were most often brought whole to the sites and only occasionally as meat cuts (in particular, ribs). Age and sex profiles indicate that miners consumed high-quality meat. As is also documented on prehistoric mining sites from the Eastern Alps, butchery marks evidence a standardized slaughtering process car- ried out by professional butchers. At Weißer Schrofen, pig was the main meat provider during the LBA, whereas cattle and sheep/goat were more important as dairy products and wool/skin providers. This pattern changed in the EIA, when sheep became the dominating meat supplier at the site of Bauernzeche. \u0000This shift may reflect an adaptation to climate changes, which determined the amount of fodder available for stocks, and/or to the impact of cultural and economic developments taking place during the Final Bronze Age. Variations on the faunal assemblages might also reflect agents such as topography and altitude. All in all, a logistic balance between miners (consumers) and peasants (producers) is revealed although more information is required (e.g. archaeobotany), to shed more light on the major changes recorded in the EIA. \u0000Based on gnawing marks from Weißer Schrofen, some of the dogs there must have been large-sized. Although this may constitute an exceptional case for the Bronze Age, similar results were reported from the EBA Brixlegg settlement at Mariahilfbergl. Future research is needed to elucidate the possible functional role of dogs in the context of early mining activities.","PeriodicalId":44490,"journal":{"name":"ARCHAEOFAUNA","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47481377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hippopotamus hunting in Predynastic Egypt: Reassessing Archaeozoological evidence","authors":"S. F. Maydana","doi":"10.15366/archaeofauna2020.29.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/archaeofauna2020.29.009","url":null,"abstract":"Hippopotamus hunting as an iconographical motif is widely attested during most of Egyptian history. Both private and royal Egyptian tombs spanning from early Old Kingdom to Roman times show these images in their walls. The motif was often depicted in Predynastic iconography but, due to some of its particularities, some authors suggested that hippopotami were, in fact, not killed but rather captured alive. Decades have passed, and evidence both ar- chaeological and archaeozoological has since grown significantly. We now have enough sources to reassess the corpus of evidence to debunk or ratify such hypotheses. Particularly relevant to confirm these was the finding at Hierakonpolis of a young hippopotamus’ remains showing signs of having been kept captive in the village. Moreover, it is helpful to examine evidence not taken into account by the authors such as ethnohistorical research and the latest archaeozoological find- ings. The outcome of this research seems to suggest that the killing of hippopotami did, in fact, take place during hunting expeditions, due to the danger of transporting the beasts alive. Further- more, the idea of iconographic evidence as a narrative of actual events should be challenged and understood instead as being one of symbolic nature.","PeriodicalId":44490,"journal":{"name":"ARCHAEOFAUNA","volume":"29 1","pages":"137-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42056291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Echinoids: An atlas for the identification of parts, determination of morphology, definitions of terminology and their relevance to archaeology","authors":"D. N. Lewis, Veronica Hunt-Lewis","doi":"10.15366/archaeofauna2020.29.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/archaeofauna2020.29.001","url":null,"abstract":"Although not as common as vertebrates or molluscs, echinoids (sea urchins) do occur in coastal archaeological sites; they were probably a source of food and the spines of some species were potentially tools. However, the necessary expertise to identify even complete specimens, let alone their disarticulated ossicles, is not generally available. Herein, we provide a suite of tools that will enable preliminary determination of echinoid remains in an archaeological context, including photographs of complete tests and disarticulated elements, discussions of them and definitions of the main terms. More or less complete specimens will be obvious and should be identifiable to genus, at least. Although disarticulated elements may be difficult to identify even to genus, the nature of all ossicles should be determinable.","PeriodicalId":44490,"journal":{"name":"ARCHAEOFAUNA","volume":"102 6","pages":"7-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41301979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One Hundred Rotten Fish in a Pit Historical and Archaeological Evidence of Seizure and Burial of Fish improper for sale in 15th-16th century city of Tourcoing, France","authors":"Tarek Oueslati Halma, J. Barbieux","doi":"10.15366/archaeofauna2020.29.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/archaeofauna2020.29.011","url":null,"abstract":"The Main Square of the city of Tourcoing (France) underwent excavations in 1982. The dig revealed a shallow pit filled up with fish skeletons still bearing their scales. The excava- tor bulk sampled the entire filling of this AD 15th-16th century feature, and in 2016 the materials were sieved and analyzed in the zooarchaeology laboratory of the University of Lille. Over a hundred haddock skeletons, representing complete specimens between 35-71 cm (total length) were identified. The contemporaneous archives of the cities of Lille and Douai shed light on the common practice of the discard and burial of fish improper for sale and may provide an expla- nation to our unusual discovery. The paper describes how fish markets operated and the type of controls imposed upon fishmongers. Examples of violations to the rule, seizures and trials recorded in the local archives will be described.","PeriodicalId":44490,"journal":{"name":"ARCHAEOFAUNA","volume":"29 1","pages":"175-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45049511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feline mummies as a fertilizer. Criticisms on the destruction of archaeozoological remains during the 19th century","authors":"R. Ciliberti, A. Tosi, M. Licata","doi":"10.15366/archaeofauna2020.29.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/archaeofauna2020.29.008","url":null,"abstract":"A paper, wrote in 1890 by the Egyptologist Gaston Maspero, reveals a pioneer attempt to preserve the animal mummies from ancient Egypt with the purpose of expanding our knowledge on the former and present-day faunas of the Nile Valley. That request to enhance our historical understanding of the past from the standpoint of the animals was innovative at a time when the prevailing historical currents focused on human mummies and so-called “valuable” re- mains. The approach represents the earliest instance of a scientific shift to obtain information on the complex and intimate relationships developed in ancient Egypt between humans and animals.","PeriodicalId":44490,"journal":{"name":"ARCHAEOFAUNA","volume":"29 1","pages":"129-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47290805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}