{"title":"Implementation and Evaluation of a Social Marketing Campaign to Deter Hookah Smoking on a College Campus","authors":"M. Martinasek, Leila Martini, R. McDermott","doi":"10.14485/hbpr.9.4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14485/hbpr.9.4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: For the past 2 decades, smoking from a hookah or waterpipe has been an evolving negative health behavior in the United States among college students, in part, because students have misconceptions about the potential risks involved with this practice. Methods: For this study, we used formative research to inform a college campus-based social marketing campaign to deter hookah smoking. This paper reports on the development and implementation of the social marketing campaign, with a key focus on the evaluation of behavior change using stages of change. Results: Overall, 828 of 1500 randomly selected students who were contacted responded to a survey following implementation of the campaign. The primary hookah message was recalled by 75% of students and key words describing it were ones included in message intent. The campaign also elicited students to change their social behaviors so as not to include hookah smoking or peers who smoked a hookah. Conclusions: Social marketing showed promise in getting some college students to reduce their exposure to hookah smoking. Messages became more relatable to the target audience through pretesting and formative research. Social marketing campaigns can influence college students to reduce personal use and deter exposure to hookah smoking.","PeriodicalId":44486,"journal":{"name":"Health Behavior and Policy Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47649817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Educational Discrimination of Honor Culture Men and the Impact of Sports, Key Demographics, and Affiliations","authors":"Rebecca S. Merkin, Sigmund C. Shipp","doi":"10.14485/hbpr.9.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14485/hbpr.9.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We identified predictors of educational discrimination among all races with a particular focus on the understudied white male population that has a lower socioeconomic status (SES). Methods: Employment of Bourdieu’s cultural capital theoretical framework, HSLS data, and hierarchical regression modeling, underlie this study that explored predictors of educational discrimination. Results: Playing sports does not impact experiences with educational discrimination. The higher the SES, the less likely people are discriminated against overall (r = -.20; p < .001) and in honor cultures (r = -.30; p < .001), but not in non-honor cultures. One versus 2-parent homes, and the number of children a respondent has had no impact on perceived discrimination. Across all models, black, LatinX, and students of other races experience greater educational discrimination than their white peers. Members of all races in honor cultures experience educational discrimination. However, this relationship is also moderated by SES in that lower income white honor culture males experience greater educational discrimination than their higher income counterparts. Conclusions: Findings indicate that low SES is prominent in educational discrimination; consequently, inclusion programs to increase educational opportunities, as identified in Healthy People 2030, to help children and adolescents do well in school are warranted.","PeriodicalId":44486,"journal":{"name":"Health Behavior and Policy Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48067661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parissa J Ballard, Guadalupe C Hernandez, Melinda M Pankratz, Jennifer Cornacchione Ross, Kimberly G Wagoner, Justin B Moore, Elena M Vidrascu, Rebekah Lassiter, Jonna Daniel, Scott D Rhodes
{"title":"Engaging Youth in Substance Misuse Prevention within State Prevention Systems: Provider Perspectives.","authors":"Parissa J Ballard, Guadalupe C Hernandez, Melinda M Pankratz, Jennifer Cornacchione Ross, Kimberly G Wagoner, Justin B Moore, Elena M Vidrascu, Rebekah Lassiter, Jonna Daniel, Scott D Rhodes","doi":"10.14485/hbpr.9.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14485/hbpr.9.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Engaging youth in planning, developing, and implementing substance misuse prevention efforts can improve those efforts. However, specific local policies and systems constrain youth engagement practice. This study examines how to engage youth in substance misuse prevention within state prevention systems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the qualitative study, semi-structured interviews with 13 prevention providers in the North Carolina prevention system were conducted via video call and transcribed and analyzed via thematic and codebook approaches. Procedures are reported according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Providers viewed youth engagement favorably yet mostly did not differentiate between <i>youth-targeted</i> prevention initiatives and <i>youth-engaged</i> initiatives. Findings reveal how state-level decisions, such as definitions and funding policies, support and challenge how providers implement youth engagement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To encourage youth engagement, state prevention systems should clarify for providers the distinction between prevention efforts <i>targeted to youth</i> and those <i>that engage youth in planning and implementing</i> and define which activities are desirable and what the role of youth should be in the activities. Finally, prevention providers need support for youth-engaged approaches to prevention, specifically training for youth and adult allies and opportunities for knowledge-sharing.</p>","PeriodicalId":44486,"journal":{"name":"Health Behavior and Policy Review","volume":"9 4","pages":"933-948"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10134771/pdf/nihms-1873343.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9399333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carol J Boyd, Sean Esteban McCabe, Rebecca J Evans-Polce, Terri Voepel-Lewis, Clayton Shuman, Philip Veliz
{"title":"Adolescents' Nicotine/Tobacco Dependency Symptoms Using 4 Waves of PATH Data.","authors":"Carol J Boyd, Sean Esteban McCabe, Rebecca J Evans-Polce, Terri Voepel-Lewis, Clayton Shuman, Philip Veliz","doi":"10.14485/hbpr.9.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14485/hbpr.9.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to characterize male and female adolescents' use of e-cigarettes, cigarettes and dual use, and seven symptoms of nicotine/tobacco dependence using four waves of national data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The analytic sample included 2902 adolescents 12-17 years who indicated past 30-day e-cigarette or cigarette use at least once between 2013-2018. Items from the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (WISDM-68) were used to report dependence symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to cigarette users, exclusive e-cigarette users reported fewer symptoms of nicotine dependency. There were no differences between males and females and the odds of any reported dependency symptom. Among cigarette only users, the odds of indicating that their tobacco use helps them think better (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.08, 5.23) and wanting tobacco after waking up (AOR = 5.50, 95% CI = 1.10, 27.5) was higher among females when compared to males.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current study extends earlier findings regarding subgroup differences in nicotine/tobacco dependency symptoms participating in the PATH Study and highlights the importance of identifying nicotine/tobacco dependency symptoms when counseling adolescent males and females.</p>","PeriodicalId":44486,"journal":{"name":"Health Behavior and Policy Review","volume":"9 4","pages":"980-995"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10237283/pdf/nihms-1851677.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9939339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Zarei, Farimah Rahimi, Seyed Taghi Heydari, E. Parcham, Kamran Bagheri Lankarania
{"title":"The Economic Impact of COVID-19 and Related Coping and Resilience Strategies: The Experience of Iranian Households","authors":"L. Zarei, Farimah Rahimi, Seyed Taghi Heydari, E. Parcham, Kamran Bagheri Lankarania","doi":"10.14485/hbpr.9.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14485/hbpr.9.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The health or livelihood paradox has become a significant issue due to the adverse effects of COVID-19 disease on the lives of millions of people in the world. In this study, we aimed to investigate the economic impacts resulting from the pandemic on Iranian households and their coping strategies and resilience. Methods: We recruited Iranian people > 18 years of age to complete a cross-sectional online survey from May 1 to June 20, 2020 (670 participants). It dealt with socio-economic and demographic features, exposure and death due to COVID-19, businesses influenced by COVID-19, household economic status after the pandemic, and coping and resilience strategies. Results: The most applied financial coping strategies were receiving loans or credits, decreasing household consumption, and selling assets and livelihoods, respectively. Half of households had already lost their income due to COVID-19-related job losses or its direct costs. Normalization of the economic situation would take more than 2 years for 8% of these households. Conclusions: The current study showed that COVID-19 economic effects could be severe and irreversible for vulnerable households. The support of policymakers, financial services providers, and private sector companies is critical in building financial resilience through the crisis and beyond.","PeriodicalId":44486,"journal":{"name":"Health Behavior and Policy Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45039885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emily Jones, Megan Weemer, Joseph Lee, Andrew D. Eberline, Tyler J. Kybartas
{"title":"Environmental Constructs Associated with School Readiness to Implement Wellness Initiatives","authors":"Emily Jones, Megan Weemer, Joseph Lee, Andrew D. Eberline, Tyler J. Kybartas","doi":"10.14485/hbpr.9.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14485/hbpr.9.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In this study, we examined school and environmental factors associated with readiness to implement school-based wellness initiatives. Methods: We used an exploratory mixed methods design to assess facilitators and barriers to school wellness policy implementation. We conducted school site visits in 8 K-12 schools in one midwestern school district. We collected quantitative and qualitative data to measure school wellness environments and readiness for change. We used a one-way ANOVA to examine associations between readiness for change and school wellness environments. We analyzed qualitative data inductively; school- and district-level themes emerged. Results: One-way ANOVA results revealed schools in the high readiness (HR) group reported more active school wellness teams than those in the low readiness (LR) group (F(1,6) = 8.442, p = .03). Qualitative data indicated that establishing local school wellness committees was an area of growth needed for all schools. Areas of need in HR schools included enhancing school wellness policy communication, leadership, and staff wellness initiatives. Areas of need in LR schools focused on providing more physical activity and wellness opportunities for students. Conclusion: Readiness for change is a promising metric that could associate with more physical activity opportunities, better wellness team function, and perhaps, wellness policy implementation.","PeriodicalId":44486,"journal":{"name":"Health Behavior and Policy Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44212571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Rakowski, T. Stump, P. Monahan, Eric Vachon, T. Imperiale, S. Rawl, V. Champion
{"title":"Predictors of Loss to Self-report Follow-up Data Collection in a Cancer Screening Intervention","authors":"W. Rakowski, T. Stump, P. Monahan, Eric Vachon, T. Imperiale, S. Rawl, V. Champion","doi":"10.14485/hbpr.9.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14485/hbpr.9.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Losing participants’ self-report data affects process and outcome analyses, and ultimately, conclusions about results. In this paper, we examine predictors of loss to self-report data collection and attempt to identify potential predictors that can be addressed prospectively. Methods: Data were from a study to increase colorectal and breast cancer screening in women 50-75 years of age (N = 1196). We collected self-report data at baseline (T1), 4 weeks (T2), and 6 months (T3) after consent. Analyses identified predictors of earliest loss (T1 vs T1,T2,T3), intermediate loss (T1 vs T1,T2), and later loss (T1,T2 vs T1,T2,T3). Results: Cancer knowledge and self-reported screening barriers were associated with loss to follow-up. More health problems were associated with less intermediate loss to follow-up, but higher loss to later follow-up. Two intervention groups (Web Only, and Web + Phone) showed greater loss compared to Usual Care. Being overdue for both screenings predicted early loss. Completing the T1 survey by phone was associated with greater loss to follow-up. Conclusions: Knowledge and barriers may have had an early effect, whereas health problems might have had a delayed impact. Intervention characteristics also need to be considered as a source of task demands on participants.","PeriodicalId":44486,"journal":{"name":"Health Behavior and Policy Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45405221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eva C Igler, S. Everhart, Jillian E. Austin, Amy C. Lang, W. Hobart Davies
{"title":"Student Concerns Regarding School-based Weight Measurement: Implications for Policy","authors":"Eva C Igler, S. Everhart, Jillian E. Austin, Amy C. Lang, W. Hobart Davies","doi":"10.14485/hbpr.9.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14485/hbpr.9.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Many schools implement health screening programs that include weight measurement. The potential negative consequences and effectiveness of these programs in improving adolescent health remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine perceptions of weight measurement practices among emerging adults, some of whom (64%) had previously had their weight measured in a school setting. Methods: Altogether, 239 primarily white (75%) and female (66%) emerging adults provided their opinion regarding school weight measurement policies and experiences being weighed in middle and/or high school. Results: Overall, 37% of the total sample, regardless of personal experience, reported a negative reaction to school weight measurement policy, and 19% described course requirements for weight measurement as unhelpful. Of participants who reported being weighed in a school setting, 31% indicated a negative reaction, 57% rated the process as inappropriate, and 40% rated the process as uncomfortable. Conclusions: Many students may respond negatively to being weighed in the school setting. If schools implement a weight measurement policy, it is essential they mitigate risks and follow the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) criteria for general health screening programs in schools. We provide suggestions for implementing AAP criteria.","PeriodicalId":44486,"journal":{"name":"Health Behavior and Policy Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47020268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmad Elslami, Fatemeh Bastami, Arash Ardalan, M. Almasian, Maryam Alibakhshi
{"title":"Energy Drink Consumption and Increased Risk of Smoking and Alcohol and Sweetened Beverages Use among University Students","authors":"Ahmad Elslami, Fatemeh Bastami, Arash Ardalan, M. Almasian, Maryam Alibakhshi","doi":"10.14485/hbpr.9.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14485/hbpr.9.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Energy drink consumption has been increasing among youth. In this study, we aimed to examine the patterns of energy drink consumption and their relationships with the use of sweetened beverages such as soda and packaged fruit juice as well as alcohol consumption and smoking among college students. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study in which data were collected during the 2018-2019 academic year for 9 months from October to July. Our sample was a random selection of 373 students attending Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. We used logistic regression analysis, chi-square, and independent t-tests for data analysis. Results: Overall, 31.6% of men and 27% of women had consumed energy drinks. Men consumed energy drinks 1.3 times more than women did. Preferring the taste was the most frequent reason (30.8%) for energy drink consumption. Having energy drinks was associated with consumption of sweetened beverages and alcohol (p < .001). The mean consumption of sweetened beverages and alcoholic drinks, and smoking was significantly higher among men than women (p < .05). Conclusion: A sizable percentage of students consumed energy drinks because of the taste. This indicates that they should be informed about the harmful ingredients in these drinks.","PeriodicalId":44486,"journal":{"name":"Health Behavior and Policy Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48009497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Emotional Distress Monitoring and Intervention in Preventing Non-suicidal Self-injury (NSSI) of College Students","authors":"Chun-Yin Chen, Xianrong Li, Yu Deng","doi":"10.14485/hbpr.9.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14485/hbpr.9.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In this study, we monitored and intervened in the emotional status of college students to understand the effect of intervention measures on the prevention and control of non-suicidal self-harm, and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of self-harm in college students. Methods: We conducted a baseline survey of 1832 first-year students across 3 vocational colleges in Chongqing, China in October 2019. In October 2020, we followed-up regarding the nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) occurrences among our original respondents. During the year, students’ emotions were regularly monitored. The students who scored > 10 and had moderate suicidal thoughts were provided counseling to reduce their emotional stress. If the students could not reduce these emotions, their counselors contacted the school psychological center for professional counseling. If the school psychological counseling center diagnosed the students with severe depression, the counselors informed their parents and suggested hospital treatment. Results: The detection rate of NSSI history was 18.52% (320/1728), and the detection rate of the follow-up survey was 8.13% (137/1685); the difference in the detection rate was statistically significant (χ2 = 128.3103, p < .001). Conclusions: Our results show that monitoring and intervening in college students’ emotional states can prevent the occurrence of NSSI behavior.","PeriodicalId":44486,"journal":{"name":"Health Behavior and Policy Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41784759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}