发布求助
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献

Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
AHMAD MARZUQI AL-BĀTĀWĪ’S THOUGHTS IN FAḌL AL-RAḤMĀN BOOK AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION ON DETERMINING ISLAMIC CALENDAR IN INDONESIA 艾哈迈德-马尔祖基-巴塔维在《法代尔-拉赫曼》一书中的思想及其在印度尼西亚确定伊斯兰历法中的应用
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.18526
Ahmad Ainul Yaqin, Khabib Syaikhu Rohman, Ricka Ulfatul Faza
{"title":"AHMAD MARZUQI AL-BĀTĀWĪ’S THOUGHTS IN FAḌL AL-RAḤMĀN BOOK AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION ON DETERMINING ISLAMIC CALENDAR IN INDONESIA","authors":"Ahmad Ainul Yaqin, Khabib Syaikhu Rohman, Ricka Ulfatul Faza","doi":"10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.18526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.18526","url":null,"abstract":"Criteria for the visibility of the new moon have been initiated by Betawi ulama, one of which is found in the book Faḍl al-Raḥmān by Ahmad Marzuqi al-Bātāwī. Ahmad Marzuqi's criteria are very different from those used by the Indonesian Ministry of Religion, giving rise to several differences. Using literature research and interviews as a data collection method, this paper finds that Ahmad Marzuqi al-Bātāwī's thoughts in the book Faḍl al-Raḥmān state that the minimum limit for imkān al-rukyah is 7° without using a telescope. This idea of imkān al-rukyah is still currently being implemented by the al-Marzūqiyyah congregation in Cipinang Muara, East Jakarta, in determining the start of the lunar month so that if the height of the new moon is less than 7° it causes differences with the government.","PeriodicalId":444196,"journal":{"name":"Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139310576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
STUDY OF DETERMINING PRAYER MAGHRIB TIME IN THE AL-FALAQIYYAH MANUSCRIPT 关于确定《法拉基耶》手稿中的朝觐时间的研究
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.18328
Era Zufialina
{"title":"STUDY OF DETERMINING PRAYER MAGHRIB TIME IN THE AL-FALAQIYYAH MANUSCRIPT","authors":"Era Zufialina","doi":"10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.18328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.18328","url":null,"abstract":"The five daily prayer times in the al-Falaqiyah text are determined using rubū’ mujayyab, except for the Maghrib prayer time. It is stated in the text that the time for Maghrib is six o'clock without further information being given. This method contradicts the current method of determining the beginning of prayer times. By using qualitative research with literature study, this paper explores further the basis for calculations and implementation of the methods used in the al-Falaqiyyah text. By using descriptive analysis, it was found that the six o'clock provisions for Maghrib prayers in the text are approximate. After comparisons were made, there was also a difference of 3 to 7 minutes in the Maghrib time in the manuscript with the Maghrib time calculation using rubū’ mujayyab.","PeriodicalId":444196,"journal":{"name":"Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139310678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE ROLE OF SINDHIND ZIJ AS THE FIRST ISLAMIC ASTRONOMICAL CALCULATION TABLE IN INDIAN CIVILIZATION 印度文明中第一个伊斯兰天文计算表 "辛辛德日 "的作用
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.18158
Nur Faizah, Nura'zirah Binti Roslan
{"title":"THE ROLE OF SINDHIND ZIJ AS THE FIRST ISLAMIC ASTRONOMICAL CALCULATION TABLE IN INDIAN CIVILIZATION","authors":"Nur Faizah, Nura'zirah Binti Roslan","doi":"10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.18158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.18158","url":null,"abstract":"Astronomy has developed in India since prehistoric times. However, astronomy’s first work appeared during the Vedanga Jyotisa era, written by Lagadha, the oldest literary book in India. Using qualitative methods with a library research approach, it was found that Indian astronomers researched Astronomy and wrote books. One of the books that first made Muslim scientists interested in the world of astronomy was the book Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta, which was translated into Arabic by Al-Fazari (d. 796 AD) during the Caliphate of Al-Manṣūr from the Abbasid dynasty. Al-Fazari (d. 796 AD) became the first Muslim astronomer to compile Zij, with his calculations converted into the Hijri Calendar. After Al-Fazari (d. 796 AD) collected this Zij, other Zijs were born, which became the forerunners for the composition of the epimeris and other counts. Around the beginning of the 11th century, Al-Biruni (973-1048 AD) spread da'wah to India and introduced the study of Islamic astronomy in India.","PeriodicalId":444196,"journal":{"name":"Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139310922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
AL-SHĀFI’Ī’S PERSPECTIVE ABOUT THE ECLIPSE PRAYER AT FORBIDDEN TIMES FOR PRAYING al-shāfi'ī 关于在禁忌祈祷时间进行日蚀祈祷的观点
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.18497
Maulida Inayah
{"title":"AL-SHĀFI’Ī’S PERSPECTIVE ABOUT THE ECLIPSE PRAYER AT FORBIDDEN TIMES FOR PRAYING","authors":"Maulida Inayah","doi":"10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.18497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.18497","url":null,"abstract":"The eclipse prayer, considered Sunnah Muakkad, presents different points of view among the ulama. Most jurists believe these prayers are prohibited during haram times (taḥrīm) because the ḥadīth applies to all prayers. It is different from al-Shāfi'ī who allows eclipse prayers at any time, even during taḥrīm. Since most Indonesian people adhere to the al-Shāfi'ī school of thought, understanding the basis of its ijtihād is essential. With a qualitative method, this literature article uses a descriptive-analytical method, with the primary source being the book al-Umm. This article produces two main findings. First, al-Shāfi'ī justifies the eclipse prayer during taḥrīm because of the general nature of the ḥadīth restrictions and the particular reason for the eclipse prayer. Second, the legal reasoning uses qiyās, aligning missed prayers with valid reasons at taḥrīm times.","PeriodicalId":444196,"journal":{"name":"Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139311330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COMPARISON OF SPHERICAL TRIGONOMETRY METHOD, JEAN MEEUS ALGORITHM AND GOOGLE QIBLA FINDER IN DETERMINING OF THE QIBLA DIRECTION OF ISLAMIC HOSPITAL 球面三角法、Jean Meeus 算法和谷歌 qibla 查找器在确定伊斯兰医院 qibla 方向方面的比较
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.17192
Firda Yunita Sari, Achmad Fachril Yusuf Ababil, Urwatun Nafis, Nita Ardelia, Rofina Muti'atun Khasanah, Nurissaidah Ulinnuha, Abdulloh Hamid
{"title":"COMPARISON OF SPHERICAL TRIGONOMETRY METHOD, JEAN MEEUS ALGORITHM AND GOOGLE QIBLA FINDER IN DETERMINING OF THE QIBLA DIRECTION OF ISLAMIC HOSPITAL","authors":"Firda Yunita Sari, Achmad Fachril Yusuf Ababil, Urwatun Nafis, Nita Ardelia, Rofina Muti'atun Khasanah, Nurissaidah Ulinnuha, Abdulloh Hamid","doi":"10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.17192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.17192","url":null,"abstract":"Accuracy in facing the Qibla is an essential part of performing prayers. This vital value is evident when many mosques are built in public places. This article is qualitative with field data sources, namely coordinate points at the Jemursari Islamic Hospital mosque, Surabaya Islamic Hospital, and Al-Irsyad Hospital Surabaya. Once collected, the data was analyzed using three methods for calculating Qibla direction, namely Spherical Trigonometry, Jean Meeus, and Google Qibla Finder. This article found that the three methods obtained the same results at the Jemursari Islamic Hospital at 294°3'5\", at the Surabaya Islamic Hospital at 294° 3'6\", and at the Al-Irsyad Surabaya Hospital at 294°3'5 \". However, there is a difference between calculations and field measurements of 2°–7°, including within the Qibla deviation tolerance. It can be concluded that these three methods can accurately determine the Qibla direction in various locations. However, re-checking is required if the measurements exceed the tolerance limits.","PeriodicalId":444196,"journal":{"name":"Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139311170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE EXISTENCE OF THE ABOGE ISLAMIC JAVANESE DATE IN THE SAMIN KLOPODUWUR BLORA COMMUNITY 萨米尼-克洛普杜武尔-布洛拉社区中存在的阿波盖伊斯兰爪哇枣椰树
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.17195
Millatul Khanifah
{"title":"THE EXISTENCE OF THE ABOGE ISLAMIC JAVANESE DATE IN THE SAMIN KLOPODUWUR BLORA COMMUNITY","authors":"Millatul Khanifah","doi":"10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.17195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.2.17195","url":null,"abstract":"The Aboge calendar system is still used today by several traditional Javanese community groups. One community that still uses this calendar system is the Samin Klopoduwur Community, Blora. In contrast to Aboge users who use Aboge to determine the start of the month, this community uses the Aboge calendar as a daily calendar. This research will focus on the existence and factors that encourage the Samin Klopoduwur community to maintain the Aboge Islamic Javanese calendar system. This research is qualitative research using a field approach. Data access was carried out by conducting in-depth interviews, observations and documentation, all of which were analyzed descriptively and analytically. The research results show that apart from being a daily calendar, they also use the Javanese Islamic Aboge calendar system as a guide to determine the days of religious ceremonies.","PeriodicalId":444196,"journal":{"name":"Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139311455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE UTILIZATION OF AUGMENTED REALITY TECHNOLOGY IN DETERMINING QIBLA DIRECTION (ANALYSIS OF MIQAT APPLICATIONS BY SAMER JOUDI) 利用增强现实技术确定朝拜方向（Samer Joudi 对 miqat 应用的分析）
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-07-24 DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.1.13734
Naufal Fazal Muttaqin
{"title":"THE UTILIZATION OF AUGMENTED REALITY TECHNOLOGY IN DETERMINING QIBLA DIRECTION (ANALYSIS OF MIQAT APPLICATIONS BY SAMER JOUDI)","authors":"Naufal Fazal Muttaqin","doi":"10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.1.13734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/al-hilal.2023.5.1.13734","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, around the world, there are numerous Qibla direction applications available on various websites and digital content providers. One of these is the Miqat application: Prayer Times, Qiblah, and Hilal Visibility, an augmented reality-based Android app for determining the direction of the Qibla. Samer Joudi, a geospatial technology specialist from the United Arab Emirates, released the Miqat app in 2015. As of November 20, 2022, more than 5,000,000 (five million) Android users had downloaded the Miqat app, giving it a rating of 4.6 out of 5. A 3D Qibla feature in the Miqat application uses augmented reality technology on the display to point users in the direction of the Kaaba. actual life.  The results of this study are that the calculation method used by the Miqat application is the Vincenty formula, which is quite accurate (7 minutes difference from the calculation of the Istiwa'aini Qibla direction) because the Vincenty formula has high accuracy in determining the Qibla direction based on the ellipsoid shape of the earth. Then, determining the Qibla direction using the 3D Qibla feature with augmented reality technology is categorized as less accurate according to Slamet Hambali's level of accuracy, but still within tolerance limits according to Thomas Djamaluddin's level of accuracy. The accuracy of the Qibla direction of the Miqat application differs from 0o to 1o from the Qibla direction measured by Istiwa'aini.","PeriodicalId":444196,"journal":{"name":"Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139356122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
DEVELOPMENT OF ASTRO TIME ISLAMIC PRAYER SCHEDULE APPLICATION AND ALTITUDE CORRECTION TEST 天文时间伊斯兰礼拜程序应用及高度校正试验的开发
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2022.4.2.12330
Muhammad Jamaluddin
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF ASTRO TIME ISLAMIC PRAYER SCHEDULE APPLICATION AND ALTITUDE CORRECTION TEST","authors":"Muhammad Jamaluddin","doi":"10.21580/al-hilal.2022.4.2.12330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/al-hilal.2022.4.2.12330","url":null,"abstract":"The tool for calculating prayer times continues to develop. Likewise, there are several different formulas for calculating prayer times, both with the addition of altitude correction and without altitude correction. This article uses the prayer time formula which takes into account altitude corrections into an application called Islamic Astro Time which uses Matlab programming with solar data from the astronomical algorithms formula by Jean Meeus. This article is an experimental qualitative with descriptive analysis. This article finds that the calculation of prayer times in the Islamic Astro Time application using varying altitude levels results in different times. The difference in results starts from 2 minutes at a building height of 250 meters to more than 2 minutes depending on the level of height. The higher the position of the person praying, the greater the difference between the start of the prayer and the lower place. So that every Muslim who wants to pray must pay attention to the altitude correction factor with the sun's position approaching the horizon, namely the time of dawn, late dawn (ṭulū'), maghrib, and evening prayers.","PeriodicalId":444196,"journal":{"name":"Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125377641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
APPLICATION OF EFFECTIVE AZIMUTH DIFFERENT FORMULA IN DETERMINING THE QIBLA DIRECTION 有效方位角不同公式在确定qibla方向中的应用
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2022.4.2.12069
Auzi'ni Syukron Kamal Ahmad, Muslich Shabir
{"title":"APPLICATION OF EFFECTIVE AZIMUTH DIFFERENT FORMULA IN DETERMINING THE QIBLA DIRECTION","authors":"Auzi'ni Syukron Kamal Ahmad, Muslich Shabir","doi":"10.21580/al-hilal.2022.4.2.12069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/al-hilal.2022.4.2.12069","url":null,"abstract":"The sun's shadow and the Qibla azimuth are two techniques for figuring out the Qibla direction. To obtain Qibla direction accuracy while applied to traditional instruments with low accuracy, such istiwa'ayn, the user's accuracy is required. Slamet Hambali's theory of a process angle was inspired by this issue. The effective angle disparity formula, which is based on Slamet Hambali's concept, is discussed in this article along with how it can be used to get effective azimuth variance. This article is based on numerically-based quantitative research using library data. The aim is to comprehend the concept of various effective azimuths and how they are used to identify the direction of the Qibla. This article comes to the conclusion that Slamet Hambali's formula for the effective azimuth difference tends to make use of the idea of processing angle by calculating the azimuth difference value with particular aiming hours, azimuth difference value, and processing angle to produce a shooting clock with a different azimuth valuation.Kata kunci : azimut, efektif, jam bidik ","PeriodicalId":444196,"journal":{"name":"Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134444637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
ARCHIPELAGIC CALENDAR IN THE JAVANESE AND BUGIS MANUSCRIPTS 爪哇语和武吉士手稿中的群岛历法
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-10-31 DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2022.4.2.13437
Hikmatul Adhiyah Syam
{"title":"ARCHIPELAGIC CALENDAR IN THE JAVANESE AND BUGIS MANUSCRIPTS","authors":"Hikmatul Adhiyah Syam","doi":"10.21580/al-hilal.2022.4.2.13437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/al-hilal.2022.4.2.13437","url":null,"abstract":"Manuscripts of the Javanese and Bugis calendars are products of the archipelago's culture. It is a fundamental issue with respect to astronomy as a science. This study analyzes the Bugis and Javanese calendars indicated in the manuscripts. Comparative descriptive analysis and literature research methods are both used in this study. According to the article, the Javanese and Bugis have manuscripts relating to the calendar as a way of life-based on natural phenomena. The Lontara Bilang and Lontara Kutika Ugi Sakke Rupa scripts belong to the Bugis people, whereas the Serat Mustaka Rancang and Serat Widya Pradhana manuscripts belong to the Javanese.","PeriodicalId":444196,"journal":{"name":"Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134463733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
下一页 尾页
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整，为了账户安全，请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们：info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务，方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号：604180095
Book学术官方微信