Ultrasonics Sonochemistry最新文献

{"title":"How well ultrasonic waves penetrate glass, SS, and plastics?","authors":"Nguyen Van Kien ,&nbsp;Young Han Jeong ,&nbsp;Sunghwan Kim ,&nbsp;Jae Jeong Ryoo","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To effectively utilize ultrasound, it is crucial to identify materials and media that facilitate optimal penetration. Extraction and aluminum foil erosion experiments were performed using beakers made of glass, stainless steel, and various plastics (PE, PFA, and PTFE) under different ultrasonic conditions. Additionally, ultrasound-assisted chromatography was conducted in six solutions with varying surface tensions: water, alcohol, 6% and 17% NaOH, and 20% and 35% sucrose in water. The results of the extraction and erosion experiments indicated that glass demonstrated the highest extraction efficiency and the strongest physical effects, with minimal ultrasound energy attenuation, particularly under sweep mode and low-frequency conditions. In chromatography, the findings showed that ultrasound transmission was more effective in a 6% NaOH aqueous solution compared to water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 107308"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the quality characteristics of jujube slices under different pretreatment and drying methods","authors":"Zhengdong Wan ,&nbsp;Zhuofan Ji ,&nbsp;Dandan Zhao ,&nbsp;Yamei Liu ,&nbsp;Zhentao Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianxiong Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effects of different pretreatment methods, cold plasma (CP) and ultrasound (US), as well as different drying techniques, including vacuum freeze-drying (FD), hot air drying (HAD), and microwave coupled with pulsed vacuum drying (MPVD), on the quality characteristics of winter jujube slices. The physical, chemical, and functional properties were analyzed, encompassing farinograph attributes, particle size, cation exchange capacity, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and flavor compounds were analyzed. In terms of physical properties, jujube slices subjected to MPVD demonstrate superior water-holding capacity at 2.93 g/g and enhanced fluidity, with a sliding angle of 34.98° and an angle of repose of 43.47°, compared to FD jujube slices. Additionally, it exhibits a rehydration capacity of 2.98 g/g and a bulk density of 0.49 g/mL. Regarding chemical composition, the cation exchange capacity of US-FD jujube slices is measured at 0.64 mmol/g, while the total phenolic content reaches 11.97 mg/g, and the flavonoid content in CP-MPVD jujube slices is 5.21 mg/g. Notably, the cation exchange capacity of MPVD jujube slices pretreated by CP and US is 0.46 and 0.55 mmol/g, respectively. Concerning volatile compounds and flavor, FD slices retain higher concentrations of aldehydes (11.39 %) and alkenes (16.88 %), whereas MPVD slices contain 21.20 % alkanes. HAD slices contain the highest aromatic hydrocarbon content at 34.97 %. In summary, the optimized combination of CP and MPVD can enhance the drying efficiency of jujube slices, increase the flavonoid content in jujube slices, and improve their quality characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 107305"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-frequency ultrasound induced the preparation of oxidized low density lipoprotein","authors":"Yuanmin Li ,&nbsp;Wanyue Yang ,&nbsp;Xinyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Ba ,&nbsp;Han Yang ,&nbsp;Wen Wang ,&nbsp;Ke Zhang ,&nbsp;Ze Yang ,&nbsp;Hui Liang ,&nbsp;Zihan Li ,&nbsp;Muthupandian Ashokkumar ,&nbsp;Jiguo Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhiliang Gao ,&nbsp;Yang Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Foam cells have been frequently used in studies related to atherosclerosis. Traditional methods for inducing oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) involve copper ion (Cu²⁺) treatment, which has inherent limitations such as prolonged oxidation times and residual copper ions. This study explored high-frequency ultrasound (400 kHz) as an alternative method for LDL oxidization. The findings demonstrated that high-frequency ultrasound-oxidized LDL (U-oxLDL) exhibited no significant differences compared to copper-oxidized LDL (Cu-oxLDL) in terms of electrophoretic mobility, foam cell morphology, lipid content, and cholesterol transport proteins. Additionally, lipidomic analysis revealed that U-oxLDL was more comparable to native LDL (N-LDL). Transcriptomic profiling of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) treated with oxLDL showed that the gene expression patterns of BMDM foam cells treated with U-oxLDL were over 90 % consistent with those treated with Cu-oxLDL. Therefore, high-frequency ultrasound oxidation method represents a green and efficient strategy for oxLDL preparation, offering potential advantages for advancing atherosclerosis research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 107303"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143570497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable extraction of phytochemicals from Mentha arvensis using supramolecular eutectic solvent via microwave Irradiation: Unveiling insights with CatBoost-Driven feature analysis","authors":"Zubera Naseem ,&nbsp;Muhammad Bilal Qadir ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Bentalib ,&nbsp;Zubair Khaliq ,&nbsp;Muhammad Zahid ,&nbsp;Fayyaz Ahmad ,&nbsp;Nimra Nadeem ,&nbsp;Anum Javaid","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study revealed the higher extraction potential of sustainable choline chloride (ChCl) and ethylene glycol (EG) based deep eutectic solvent (DES) from <em>Mentha arvensis</em> via microwave irradiation. The categorical boosting (CatBoost) machine learning model was applied to optimize the extraction process against time (4–8 min), microwave power (160–320 W), and biomass quantity (1–2.0 g/10 mL) with DES. The experimentally optimized TPC 124 ± 4.0 <!--> <!-->mg GAE/g, TFC 79 ± 3.0 <!--> <!-->mg QE/g, and DPPH radical inhibition 90 ± 4.0 % evaluated in 6 min at 240 W with 1.0 g biomass. The lowest average relative errors of 0.402 % (TPC), 0.863 % (TFC), and 0.597 % (DPPH) for train and 0.679 % (TPC), 0.685 % (TFC) and 0.480 % (DPPH) for test data showed the consistency with the predicted values. The partial dependence and feature importance revealed the contributing impact of parameters for optimizing the extraction. The average contribution percentage of each predictor to the responses revealed that time contributed 32.5 % (TPC), 35.9 % (TFC), and 18.6 % (DPPH); microwave power contributed 26.7 % (TPC), 25.5 % (TFC), and 44.2 % (DPPH); while biomass contributed 40.8 % (TPC), 38.6 % (TFC), and 37.2 % (DPPH). The significant antibacterial (<em>S. aureus</em> = 25.5 ± 1.4 mm and <em>E. coli</em> = 23.5 ± 1.4 mm) with MICs (<em>S. aureus</em> = 50 ± 2.5 µg/mL and <em>E. coli</em> = 100 ± 1.5 µg/mL) and antifungal potential (<em>F. solani</em> = 22.5 ± 1.4 <!--> <!-->mm, <em>A. niger</em> = 23.5 ± 0.8 mm), with MIC (<em>F. solani</em> = 100 ± 0.4 µg/mL and <em>A. niger</em> = 50 ± 0.5 µg/mL) of optimized extracts recorded by DES. The DES would be the best alternative to traditional organic solvents based on higher extraction efficiency and sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 107300"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-assisted preparation of shikonin-loaded emulsions for the treatment of bacterial infections","authors":"Xiaomiao Cui ,&nbsp;Zhiliang Gao ,&nbsp;Xinxin Han ,&nbsp;Qun Yu ,&nbsp;Vitoria H. Cauduro ,&nbsp;Erico M.M. Flores ,&nbsp;Muthupandian Ashokkumar ,&nbsp;Xiaoyong Qiu ,&nbsp;Jiwei Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacteria can encapsulate themselves in a self-generated matrix of hydrated extracellular polymeric substances such as polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids, thereby forming bacterial biofilm infections. These biofilms are drug resistant and will diminish the efficacy of antimicrobial agents, rendering treatment of such infections challenging. Herein, an innovative strategy is proposed to synergistically degrade bacterial biofilms and eradicate the entrapped bacteria through integrating α-amylase (α-Amy), shikonin (SK) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) within an emulsion. The natural protein α-Amy is deployed to enzymatically hydrolyze the polysaccharide of biofilms. Due to the amphipilic properties of α-Amy and the cross-linking capability of EGCG, the formed α-Amy/SK@EGCG emulsion possess high stability. SK was encapsulated within the emulsion through ultrasound-assisted assembly, targeting to treat bacterial infection after biofilm degradation. <em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> experiments demonstrate that the polyphenol-protein stabilized emulsion loaded with antibacterial SK achieves profound penetration into the biofilms due to the extracellular polysaccharide hydrolysis mediated by α-Amy. As a result, the α-Amy/SK@EGCG emulsion can significantly alleviate inflammation symptoms and accelerate the healing process of biofilm-infected wounds. This study provides a promising therapeutic strategy for the development of novel materials aimed for the enhanced treatment of bacterial biofilm infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 107302"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing starch properties through dual modification: Ultrasonication and acetic acid treatment of non-conventional starches","authors":"Likhitha Yadav Prakruthi ,&nbsp;Hari Krishnan ,&nbsp;Tamma Medha ,&nbsp;K. Kumarakuru ,&nbsp;P. Vasantha Kumari ,&nbsp;Challa Surekha ,&nbsp;Hemasundar Alavilli ,&nbsp;Deepika Kaushik ,&nbsp;Abeer Hashem ,&nbsp;Nouf H. Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Graciela Dolores Avila-Quezada ,&nbsp;Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah ,&nbsp;Mukul Kumar ,&nbsp;Chagam Koteswara Reddy","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of ultrasonication (US) and acetic acid treatments on starches extracted from non-conventional sources: elephant foot yam (NES), cassava (NCS) and sweet potato (NSP). The starches underwent ultrasonication at 40°C for 3, 9, and 15 min, followed by acetylation, with native starches used as control. The morphological, physicochemical, and functional properties were comprehensively analyzed. Results revealed that increased treatment time significantly (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05) affected the starches functional properties, morphology and crystallinity. Amylose content was highest in NES (22.85 %), followed by NSP (21.05 %) and NCS (19.28 %). Following dual modification, a significant reduction in amylose content was observed in ultrasonic-assisted acetylated starches. Morphological analysis revealed granular aggregation, surface changes, and the formation of pores and cracks. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns demonstrated that NSP and NES starches exhibited major peaks characteristic of C-type starches, while NCS starches displayed an A-type pattern. Following ultrasound-assisted acetylation, the crystalline structures of all starches remained largely unchanged, although relative crystallinity slightly decreased compared to native starches. The oil absorption capacity and tap density of NES increased with dual modification, suggesting enhanced hydrophobicity. These findings highlight the potential of dual modification to improve starch properties for industrial applications, including confectionery, edible films, tablet binders, and encapsulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 107301"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Position control of an acoustic cavitation bubble by reinforcement learning","authors":"Kálmán Klapcsik ,&nbsp;Bálint Gyires-Tóth ,&nbsp;Juan Manuel Rosselló ,&nbsp;Ferenc Hegedűs","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reinforcement Learning (RL) is employed to develop control techniques for manipulating acoustic cavitation bubbles. This paper presents a proof of concept in which an RL agent is trained to discover a policy that allows precise control of bubble positions within a dual-frequency standing acoustic wave field by adjusting the pressure amplitude values. The agent is rewarded for driving the bubble to a target position in the shortest possible time. The results demonstrate that the agent exploits the nonlinear behaviour of the bubble and, in specific cases, identifies solutions that cannot be addressed using the linear theory of the primary Bjerknes force. The RL agent performs well under domain randomization, indicating that the RL approach generalizes effectively and produces models robust against noise, which could arise in real-world applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 107290"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermosonication enhanced the bioactive, antioxidant, and flavor attributes of freshly squeezed tomato juice","authors":"Limei Li ,&nbsp;Hang Su ,&nbsp;Lingling Pang ,&nbsp;Yanfang Pan ,&nbsp;Xihong Li ,&nbsp;Qing Xu ,&nbsp;Jitian Song ,&nbsp;Liping Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sterilization of freshly squeezed juices typically results in a compromise to the natural flavor, bio-active components, and nutritional value. Developing a new sterilization method for controlling the diverse effects has emerged as a significant challenge. This research aims to explore the potential application of thermosonication (TS) for freshly squeezed tomato juice. Results revealed that both TS (temperature 50, 60, and 70 ℃; time 5, 10, and 15 min) and thermal pasteurization (TP, 85 ℃/10 min) effectively inactivated microorganisms. No significant differences were observed in the basis properties (pH, total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acidity (TA)) of tomato juice. Notably, TS effectively enhanced the juice quality, and the optimal condition is TS 60 ℃ 15 min. Its retention rates in color and suspension stability were greatly enhanced. Meanwhile, TS (60 ℃, 15 min) not only significantly increased lycopene content (42.13 %), ascorbic acid content (36.64 %), flavonoids content (33.94 %), and total phenols content (34.06 %), but also maintain a higher antioxidant capacity compared to PJ samples. Moreover, the sensory quality and volatile substances of TS treated were enhanced. It can be inferred that TS through ultrasonic cavitation ensured the microbial safety, improved nutritional value and sensory quality of tomato juice. This report provide a basis that a proper lower pasteurization temperature produced better effect in tomato juice when combined with ultrasound.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 107299"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-cavitation-enhanced drug delivery via microbubble clustering induced by acoustic vortex tweezers","authors":"Ching-Hsiang Fan ,&nbsp;Elaine Huang ,&nbsp;Wei-Chen Lo ,&nbsp;Chih-Kuang Yeh","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of acoustic vortex tweezers (AVT) in conjunction with ultrasound (US) cavitation pulses presents a promising noninvasive approach for the delivery of high concentrations of therapeutic agents. This methodology facilitates the aggregation of drug-loaded microbubbles (MBs) into clusters, which are subsequently destroyed to release their contents. Nevertheless, prior investigations have not thoroughly examined the resonance frequency and cavitation activity of MB clusters, critical factors that could enhance the efficiency of payload release. Theoretically, the resonance frequency of an MB cluster is expected to approximate that of a single large bubble of comparable size, thus being significantly lower than that of the individual MBs constituting the cluster. Accordingly, this study aims to optimize the release of payloads from AVT-trapped MB clusters, which measure 15 to 40 μm (mean radius: 24.7 μm) in size, by employing US at their resonance frequency of 100 kHz, henceforth referred to as “on-resonance US.” In this investigation, MBs were loaded with the model drug DiI, resulting in the formation of DiI-MBs, which were then clustered utilizing AVT. On-resonance US excitation was subsequently applied to enhance the release of the drug payload. The dimensional characteristics of the DiI-MB clusters formed via 3-MHz AVT were measured to determine the range of resonance frequencies. Concurrent optical and acoustic analyses were conducted to evaluate the size, oscillation dynamics, and cavitation activity of the DiI-MB clusters in response to on-resonance US excitation. Additionally, the payload release from these clusters was quantitatively assessed. Our results indicate that significant oscillations of individual DiI-MB clusters commenced at a pressure of 44 kPa during 100 kHz US excitation. Further quantitative experiments demonstrated that the synergistic combination of AVT and 100-kHz US at 65 kPa significantly enhanced the payload release efficiency to 93 %. This efficiency surpassed that achieved with either method independently, with increases of 1.8-fold relative to AVT alone and 2.3-fold compared to 100-kHz US alone. The acoustic analyses revealed the onset of inertial cavitation at 44 kPa, which strongly correlated with payload release efficiency (R² = 0.78). These findings underscore the potential of our proposed methodology in monitoring and enhancing the efficiency of drug release.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 107273"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bubble cloud-mediated cavitation for tumor mechanical ablation and effector immune cell deployment","authors":"Jing Cao ,&nbsp;Ling Wang ,&nbsp;Jiarui Li ,&nbsp;Mengyu Song ,&nbsp;Yinuo Zheng ,&nbsp;Xiangling He ,&nbsp;Xiaoying Li ,&nbsp;Songcheng Xu ,&nbsp;Litao Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Histotripsy is a cavitation-based tumor ablation technology. To achieve precise cavitation-based ablation requires investigating the cavitation behavior of the bubble cloud and their impact on tumor tissue. This study explored the cavitation behavior of bubble clouds generated by perfluoropentane (PFP)-loaded nanodroplets and efficacy of bubble cloud cavitation in tumor ablation under varying ultrasound intensities. PFP-loaded nanodroplets (∼200 nm) were employed as exogenous cavitation nuclei to reducing the required ultrasound energy for activation of bubble cloud. We investigated the formation, vibration, and collapse of bubble clouds in solution and phantom models under varying ultrasound intensities. Results indicated distinct cavitation patterns: (1) Nanodroplets slowly vaporized and formed continuously vibrating bubble clouds; (2) Nanodroplets rapidly vaporized and resulted in quickly collapsing bubble clouds. At both the cellular and animal levels, cavitation ablation efficacy was examined, revealing that all bubble cloud cavitation patterns could induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), promoting the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and triggering effector immune cell deployment of peripheral immune response and local tumor infiltration. During the treatment, the ultrasound intensity of 0.5 W/cm² had the highest level of central tumor CD8⁺ T cell infiltration. The conclusion was that sustained bubble cloud oscillation, rather than rapid vaporization and rupture, proved more beneficial for antitumor therapy, particularly in enhancing the local infiltration of effector immune cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 107296"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}