Journal of Modern European History最新文献_第2页

A Global Conspiracy? The Berlin – Tokyo – Rome Axis on Trial and its Impact on the Historiography of the Second World War 全球阴谋？柏林-东京-罗马轴心的审判及其对二战史学的影响

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1177/1611-89442016014004004

Daniel Hedinger

{"title":"A Global Conspiracy? The Berlin – Tokyo – Rome Axis on Trial and its Impact on the Historiography of the Second World War","authors":"Daniel Hedinger","doi":"10.1177/1611-89442016014004004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1611-89442016014004004","url":null,"abstract":"The Tokyo and Nuremberg tribunals led to the disappearance of the Axis alliance. In this process, a domestication of the past commenced in both Germany and Japan as the memory of the war became regionalised and, above all, nationalised. This has had paradoxical consequences to this day: we have been left with a history of the Second World War in which the world has been left out. This article argues that the starting point for these developments is to be found in the judicial logic of the proceedings, particularly in how the charge of a global conspiracy against peace was applied and finally rejected at Nuremberg and Tokyo. The «judicial model» pre-empted many of the later historiographical debates. As is shown, those tribunals also generated the sources that proved to be of fundamental importance for historiography in the decades that followed. The argument is made that we should not merely see the Axis through the prism of the tribunals. Rather, the «judicial model» should be discarded and the focus shifted to the complex, interacting and transnational relations between Germany, Italy and Japan before 1945. What then becomes apparent is a global Axis moment in the interwar period. This will help us better understand the worldwide entanglements from which the Second World War originated.","PeriodicalId":44275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern European History","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142991203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Free Movement in Postwar Europe: Exploring a Multivalent Concept. Introduction 战后欧洲的自由运动：探索一个多价值概念。介绍

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1177/16118944241307766

Patricia Hertel, Sasha D Pack

引用次数: 0

Conflict and Urban Mobility: Challenges and Responses to Free Movement in Belfast during the Troubles 冲突与城市流动：北爱尔兰问题期间贝尔法斯特自由流动的挑战与回应

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1177/16118944241307153

Ashley M. Morin

{"title":"Conflict and Urban Mobility: Challenges and Responses to Free Movement in Belfast during the Troubles","authors":"Ashley M. Morin","doi":"10.1177/16118944241307153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16118944241307153","url":null,"abstract":"The era of the Troubles in Belfast brought both challenges to free movement and grassroots responses to such challenges. The conflict itself inspired divisions and barriers to mobility within the city, notably including the establishment of British Army checkpoints and the construction of various “peace walls” under the direction of the British Government. While the geospatial significance of the Troubles remains a popular and necessary subject of discourse within scholarship on the conflict, less attention has been given to considering its relative impact on people's daily lives. Interrogating the question of impartiality in conflict-related polices, such as the Falls Road Curfew and internment, helps contextualize disproportionate disruptions to mobility in the city. Additionally, conflict-related violence frequently impacted access to transportation, contributing to community-based initiatives to improve movement throughout the city, notably the introduction of black taxi services in the 1970s. By focusing on Belfast during the Troubles, this article considers the relationships among free movement, conflict, governments, and community-based responses to such challenges.","PeriodicalId":44275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern European History","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Policy to Sedentarize ‘Nomads’: The ‘Tsigane Hamlet’ in Plan-de-Grasse, France, 1966 “游牧民族”的定居化政策：格拉斯计划的“齐根尼哈姆雷特”，法国，1966年

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1177/16118944241307134

Lise Foisneau

引用次数: 0

Between Politics and Devotion: Religion and Mobility at the International Eucharistic Congress of Barcelona (1952) 在政治与奉献之间：巴塞罗那国际圣餐大会上的宗教与流动性（1952）

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1177/16118944241307143

Natalia Nunez-Bargueno

{"title":"Between Politics and Devotion: Religion and Mobility at the International Eucharistic Congress of Barcelona (1952)","authors":"Natalia Nunez-Bargueno","doi":"10.1177/16118944241307143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16118944241307143","url":null,"abstract":"This article illustrates how Catholicism contributed to the rebuilding of local and transnational mobility in early Cold War Europe. After World War II came to an end, Christian hopes for a post-war spiritual renewal led to a significant resurgence of religion in the West. The trauma of division and oppression, as well as the fear of a devastating international nuclear war, resulted in a particular enthusiasm for spirituality. Transnational pilgrimages and similar religious gatherings thrived. In addition, largely as a result of Pius XII's promotion of Catholic Action, the participation and mobility of Catholics in national and international forums (including the UN) increased. One particularly interesting case study is the 1952 International Eucharistic Congress (IEC) in Barcelona. The gathering was organized by a formerly Axis-aligned dictatorship: Franco's Spain. In the late 1940s, the country had been condemned to diplomatic isolation due to its wartime ties with the Axis powers. It was also subject to strict curtailments imposed on the internal circulation of goods, people, and ideas. Consequently, organizing the Congress posed considerable challenges for the regime, including the regulation of attendance by determining who was permitted to participate (i.e. pilgrims, refugees) and who was barred (i.e. migrants). In the end, the Congress brought together nearly two million faithful Catholics from all over the world. As a mass international event and an example of ‘religion in motion’ (Hervieu-Léger, 1999), the Barcelona IEC offers a significant opportunity to advance and nuance the historical understanding of the powerful local and international mobilities that have played a role in shaping the contemporary world.","PeriodicalId":44275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern European History","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social Science Data as a Challenge for Contemporary History 社会科学数据对当代历史的挑战

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1177/16118944241290890

Christina von Hodenberg, Kerstin Brückweh, Eva Maria Gajek, Reiko Hayashi, Jon Lawrence, María Francisca Rengifo Streeter, Daria Tisch

引用次数: 0

Introduction: Disability and Family Care in Modern European History 导言：现代欧洲历史中的残疾与家庭护理

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1177/16118944241290903

Christina von Hodenberg, Gabriele Lingelbach, Raphael Rössel

引用次数: 0

From Darkness to Sunshine: Blind Babies, Families and the Sunshine Homes, 1918–1939 从黑暗到阳光失明婴儿、家庭和阳光之家，1918-1939 年

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1177/16118944241287721

Julie Anderson

{"title":"From Darkness to Sunshine: Blind Babies, Families and the Sunshine Homes, 1918–1939","authors":"Julie Anderson","doi":"10.1177/16118944241287721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16118944241287721","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the contrast between the interwar British state's emphasis on motherhood and the justification for the institutional care of a relatively small group of blind babies. After the First World War, concerns about the state of the nation were addressed in part by legislation and an increase in the number of organisations which purported to help mothers to bring up healthy babies. The interest in mothers who gave birth to blind babies centred on the poor mother's ability to cope with a visually impaired infant. The authorities’ concerns, anxieties about the association between impaired senses and learning difficulties expressed by eugenicists and unease surrounding the long-term social and economic costs of blindness supported early intervention. The narrative of the overwhelmed and neglectful mother was juxtaposed with the benefit of institutionalisation, which justified the removal of some blind infants from their homes. The metaphor of the dark home and unenlightened mother was replaced by one of light and knowledge emanating from the brightly painted environs of the Sunshine Homes for Blind Babies. During the interwar period, positive reports and articles in newspapers, magazines and charitable propaganda, supported by powerful elites including the British royal family, presented the Sunshine Homes for Blind Babies as caring spaces full of the love of dedicated professional nurses, and kind, wealthy benefactors; there were no reports produced to suggest anything but the most positive experience for the infants. Essentially, a blind infant's biological family was metaphorically, and in some cases literally, replaced by a new institutional family of carers and visitors.","PeriodicalId":44275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern European History","volume":"228 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142405169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From Institutions to Families? The Changing Allocation of Responsibility for Cognitively Disabled Children in Dutch Postwar Long-Term Care Policies 从机构到家庭？荷兰战后长期护理政策中对认知障碍儿童责任分配的变化

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1177/16118944241287725

Paul van Trigt

{"title":"From Institutions to Families? The Changing Allocation of Responsibility for Cognitively Disabled Children in Dutch Postwar Long-Term Care Policies","authors":"Paul van Trigt","doi":"10.1177/16118944241287725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16118944241287725","url":null,"abstract":"Who is responsible for health care? Neoliberal policies since the 1970s seem to place this responsibility increasingly on the individual, in a process that is called responsibilization. The recent literature on neoliberalism, however, has questioned the preference of free-market liberalism for individual responsibility and shows how neoliberals often made common cause with communitarian conservatives on social policies. Melinda Cooper, for instance, has argued in her book Family Values that free-market liberals and social conservatives in the US both identified the family as a ‘wholesale alternative to the 20-century welfare state’. This article investigates whether this coalition of neoliberals and social conservatives, who agree on the importance of familial solidarity in addition to market freedom, has also played a role in the making of Dutch health care policies. By tracing how responsibility for long-term care has been allocated in the postwar Netherlands in the specific case of children with (cognitive) disabilities, the author will show how ‘the family’ has increasingly been embraced by policymakers as the main responsible party. This is remarkable because the Dutch postwar welfare state sought to loosen family ties in favour of individual arrangements. However, attempts by different stakeholders to deinstitutionalize Dutch health care during the 1990s unintentionally moved the state's responsibility for long-term care not so much onto individuals as onto families.","PeriodicalId":44275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern European History","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142384436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Redefining Family Relationships: The Impact of Disability on Working-Class Families during the Industrial Revolution in Britain 重新定义家庭关系：英国工业革命期间残疾对工人阶级家庭的影响

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1177/16118944241287723

David Turner

{"title":"Redefining Family Relationships: The Impact of Disability on Working-Class Families during the Industrial Revolution in Britain","authors":"David Turner","doi":"10.1177/16118944241287723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16118944241287723","url":null,"abstract":"The Industrial Revolution traditionally has been seen in Disability Studies as marking a decisive shift in the lives of disabled people. It is argued that the rise of mechanisation, time discipline and standardisation made the industrial workplace a hostile environment for people with non-standard bodies. According to this view, increasing demands to work outside the home also meant that families were less capable of caring for older and disabled members, leading to greater institutionalisation. This view of increasing segregation of disabled people from home and work has dominated understanding of disability in the British Industrial Revolution, but it does not reflect the variability of disabled people's experiences at the time. Drawing on official enquiries, fictional literature, journalism and social commentary from the 1830s and 1840s – a time when the impact of industrialisation on the bodies and family relationships of workers became matters of public, political concern – this article shows the continuing importance of family in the lives of disabled people. The legal duty of families to care for sick and disabled relatives was an enduring social principle throughout this period. Interpersonal relations were tested and sometimes re-drawn by disability, forcing a change in traditional familial roles and expectations. For working people and their families, the potentials for poverty resulting from disability could be great. However, disabled people continued to play significant roles in the lives of their families, and where possible continued to contribute to the domestic economy. Taking a disability perspective on the history of the family highlights the interdependence between family members in industrialising Britain.","PeriodicalId":44275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern European History","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142384439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0