Linacre Quarterly最新文献

{"title":"Beyond the Bioethical Checklist: Reclaiming Catholic Moral Theology in Addressing Ethical Issues Encountered by Medical Students.","authors":"Mary Anne D Chiong, Allan A Basas","doi":"10.1177/00243639261471334","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00243639261471334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medical students often face ethical challenges during clinical training. While secular bioethics offers guidance, many still experience moral distress that principle-based frameworks cannot fully address. Using the See-Judge-Act method, this paper tries to address this gap. The See phase examines the lived experiences of medical students within their clinical rotations. The Judge phase discerns these realities in light of Catholic moral teachings, highlighting the formation of conscience and the understanding of medicine as a vocation rather than a mere profession. Grounded in this moral and spiritual vision, the Act phase calls Catholic institutions to move beyond ethical checklists toward a culture of life and love, forming not only clinically competent physicians but morally grounded healers who faithfully uphold the sanctity of life and the dignity of their vocation.</p>","PeriodicalId":44238,"journal":{"name":"Linacre Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"00243639261471334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13415635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reappreciating Patient Autonomy in Light of Ratzingerian Christian Personalism.","authors":"Teofilo Giovan S Pugeda","doi":"10.1177/00243639261472365","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00243639261472365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This commentary proposes that Christian personalism could complement in one way a principlism approach to healthcare. Such a proposal is consistent with the argument of Pellegrino that the concept of personhood is integral to the Christian healthcare profession. Thus, it would be helpful for Christian healthcare professionals to know more what personhood entails. To that end, this commentary presents an overview of personalism and Christian personalism, with particular attention to the thought of Joseph Ratzinger (1927-2022). It then addresses possible concerns against Christian personalism and, following this, discusses the relationship between personhood and dignity. Finally, it reflects on how Ratzingerian Christian personalism helps in reappreciating the principle of patient autonomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":44238,"journal":{"name":"Linacre Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"00243639261472365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13415627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catholic Bioethics Perspectives on In Vitro Gametogenesis Technology.","authors":"Alexis Heng Boon Chin, Teofilo Giovan S Pugeda","doi":"10.1177/00243639261462805","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00243639261462805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In vitro gametogenesis (IVG) represents a paradigm shift in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) by offering the potential to derive human sperm and eggs from somatic cells such as skin fibroblasts. This introduces profound ethical, legal, and social challenges. This article explores Catholic bioethics perspectives on IVG, evaluating its proposed applications against foundational theological principles, including the sanctity of life, the nature of marriage, and the dignity of procreation. It examines the use of IVG for addressing primary and age-related infertility, facilitating transgender and intersex parenthood, and preventing the transmission of genetic diseases. Furthermore, it critically assesses more controversial applications, such as posthumous reproduction; mass production of donor gametes; same-sex, solo, and multiplex parenthood; and the genetic enhancement of offspring. Drawing upon Catholic moral frameworks, the analysis highlights the tension between the therapeutic desire to alleviate infertility and the ethical imperative to uphold the natural order of reproduction. The article concludes that while IVG may offer novel solutions for certain reproductive challenges, its broader applications risk commodifying human life, fracturing traditional family structures, and advancing eugenic ideologies, necessitating robust ethical reflection and regulatory oversight.</p>","PeriodicalId":44238,"journal":{"name":"Linacre Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"00243639261462805"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13341687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148413405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conscientious Objection to Gender-Affirming Surgery in Residency Training.","authors":"Forrest Bohler","doi":"10.1177/00243639261464408","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00243639261464408","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44238,"journal":{"name":"Linacre Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"00243639261464408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13323033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148377358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Cohort Study Evaluating the Effectiveness and Safety of Exogenous Progesterone for the Continuation of Pregnancy After Exposure to Mifepristone.","authors":"George Delgado, Stephen Sammut, Charles Jiqiang Wu, Angelo Javier, Kathryn Grauerholz, Byron Calhoun","doi":"10.1177/00243639261450698","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00243639261450698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reports in the medical literature indicate that there are patients who have initiated medical abortions by taking mifepristone but not misoprostol and have attempted to continue their pregnancies by taking exogenous progesterone.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We sought to evaluate the effectiveness and adverse events of exogenous progesterone taken after mifepristone.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective cohort of consecutive patients who contacted a nonprofit hotline from October 13, 2021 to January 5, 2024. The primary outcome was the rate of continuing pregnancy two weeks after progesterone initiation; secondary outcomes included demographics, progesterone dose and route of administration, and adverse events. A small subset was evaluated for a secondary outcome of gestational age at delivery. Data from a small subset were evaluated for preterm birth and birth defects. Adverse events at two weeks were analyzed. Patients were included if they wanted to attempt to continue their pregnancies after taking mifepristone for medical abortion. Exclusion criteria included never starting progesterone therapy, initiating progesterone more than 72 h after ingesting mifepristone, gestational age at the time of mifepristone ingestion greater than 11 weeks 6 days or undocumented, and surgical or additional medical termination of pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1,466 patients screened, 765 met the inclusion criterion and did not meet exclusion criteria; 418 (55%) had confirmed continuing pregnancies two weeks postinitiation of progesterone therapy. Earlier gestational age at mifepristone use was associated with a decreased likelihood of continuing pregnancy at two weeks (39% vs. 58%, <i>p</i> < .001). Significant bleeding was reported by 0.3% of the patients; 3% visited the emergency department; and hospitalizations occurred in 0.5% of the cases. There were no blood transfusions nor maternal mortalities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Continuing pregnancy was noted in 55%, superior to the 25% rate documented in the literature for mifepristone alone without intervention. There were a few adverse events associated with progesterone use. These retrospective data suggest the potential benefit of exogenous progesterone administration for patients seeking to continue their pregnancies after taking mifepristone but not misoprostol. Further research, including randomized controlled trials, is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":44238,"journal":{"name":"Linacre Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"00243639261450698"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13294113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148346796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chastity and Commutative Justice: A Case Analysis of Sexually Transmitted Infections.","authors":"Stephen Napier, Timothy Flanigan, Breanna Campbell","doi":"10.1177/00243639261450682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639261450682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article canvases several sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It explains in detail their prevalence, how they are contracted, and their sequelae. The article closes by arguing that engaging in promiscuous sexual activity is a violation of justice. The advance the article makes is that typical arguments against promiscuous sexual activity focus on some aspect of the Church's sexual teachings. It is an underexplored terrain to develop an argument against such behavioral patterns from the standpoint of justice, insofar as appeals to justice are more ecumenical.</p>","PeriodicalId":44238,"journal":{"name":"Linacre Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"00243639261450682"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13272188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Least of My Brethren: What Charity Demands.","authors":"Khoi Huynh","doi":"10.1177/00243639261456070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639261456070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although few would question the historical role of Christianity in establishing charitable institutions, such as public hospitals, many seem to question its importance in the present time. This essay examines why public hospitals may have failed to emerge under pre-Christian frameworks. I will investigate how (1) Stoicism, (2) Ancient Greco-Roman paganism, and (3) Aristotelian virtue ethics define and limit the principles, respectively, of (1) camaraderie of humanity, (2) honor-motivated generosity, and (3) pursuit of generosity as a virtue. It will be shown that the logical implications that allow each foundational worldview to derive its principle also limit that principle's role in establishing charities. Afterward, I will introduce the Christian framework and demonstrate how the concept that every human possesses the <i>Imago Dei</i> can successfully ground the establishment of charitable work. Since Christian virtue ethics built upon Aristotle's, direct comparisons will be made with Aristotle's ethical system. Whereas Aristotle was arguably unclear about the highest virtue, Christianity's highest virtue is a loving union with God (charity). Since a virtue is that which disposes one toward happiness, and since God is the ultimate Happiness, there can be no true happiness without the virtue of charity. But since each fellow human is an Image of God, there is no true happiness without practicing charity toward one's neighbor by coming to their aid. The corporal works of mercy can therefore be deeply grounded in the concept of the <i>Imago Dei</i>, with an added call to be Christ-like, where those with more ought to supply those with less. In the conclusion, I briefly discuss a larger pattern: not only do charitable works require a sound motivating principle, but that principle also requires an adequate foundational worldview.</p>","PeriodicalId":44238,"journal":{"name":"Linacre Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"00243639261456070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13249604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148228746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clarifying the Idol: A Reply to \"The Worship of Health\".","authors":"Isaac Korver, Benjamin Frush","doi":"10.1177/00243639261456055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639261456055","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44238,"journal":{"name":"Linacre Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"00243639261456055"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13229898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sabbath as Holy, Kairos, and Counter-Formation: Jewish and Christian Reflections on Surgical Practice.","authors":"Hima Bindu Thota, T Clark Howell, Shay Strelzik, Kevin I Ig-Izevbekhai, John D Dortch, Ryan M Antiel","doi":"10.1177/00243639261456077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639261456077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modern surgical culture often reduces time to a quantifiable metric that must be optimized, managed, and monetized. Surgeons are evaluated by operative speed, documentation efficiency, and productivity benchmarks, producing a professional identity that equates professional worth with output. This theological reflection advances the Sabbath as a counter-narrative to the utilitarian temporality that dominates contemporary surgical practice. Proceeding through an interreligious theological lens, the paper engages Jewish Sabbath (Shabbat) theology on its own terms while placing it in moral dialogue with Protestant and Catholic moral theology. It carefully distinguishes Jewish Sabbath observance from the Christian Lord's Day, resisting any conflation of the two, while exploring their shared witness to time as sacred rather than merely instrumental. Drawing on scriptural interpretation, classical theological sources, and narrative examples from clinical training and practice, the paper examines four interrelated dimensions of the Sabbath: as holy, which consecrates creation and establishes rest as sacred; as Kairos, which reframes chronological time as divinely imbued time; as counter-formation, which resists the moral deformation produced by unrestrained productivity; and as application through concrete practices of rest. Building on these theological foundations, the paper develops a five-part rhythm of Sabbath practice-prepare, pause, presence, play, and pray-as a framework for moral formation that is both personal and communal. Sabbath practice is presented not as withdrawal from vocation but as moral reordering, reorienting surgical labor toward human dignity, trust, and relational presence. While the invitation of Sabbath extends to all healthcare workers, the analysis focuses particularly on surgeons, whose training and professional culture render questions of time, control, and endurance especially acute. Ultimately, to be shaped by the Sabbath is to resist becoming an instrument of efficiency alone and instead to be formed as a healer whose work unfolds within holy time.</p>","PeriodicalId":44238,"journal":{"name":"Linacre Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"00243639261456077"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13229902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cry of the Flesh: A Catholic Perspective on Cutting.","authors":"Jordan E Scott, Linda Mintle","doi":"10.1177/00243639261450675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639261450675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Self-inflicted cutting, a common form of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), has emerged as a significant clinical and pastoral concern in contemporary psychiatry. Clinically, cutting serves multiple psychological functions: regulation of intense affect, relief of overwhelming distress, externalization of emotional pain, self-punishment, indirect communication of suffering, induction of dissociative states, or generation of physiological arousal. These functions underscore the complexity of the behavior. From a Catholic theological perspective, these psychological mechanisms may be situated within a broader account of the human person. Catholic anthropology holds that the human being, created in the image of God (<i>imago Dei</i>), is ordered towards communion with God and others. Flowing from this orientation is a capacity for self-gift, by which suffering may be united to Christ's once-for-all redemptive sacrifice. Suffering is not salvific in itself; it becomes spiritually fruitful only insofar as it participates in Christ's redemptive act, sacramentally mediated through the Eucharist and the Sacrament of Reconciliation. Cutting can therefore be interpreted as a tragic misdirection of the human longing for communion and restoration. Pain, severed from relational participation in Christ's sacrifice, turns inward and becomes destructive rather than transformative. This essay examines cutting through an interdisciplinary lens integrating psychiatry, biblical theology, Catholic anthropology, and medical history to argue that authentic healing requires both rigorous psychiatric care and pastoral accompaniment that reorients suffering toward communion.</p><p><strong>Short summary: </strong>Cutting is examined through psychiatry and Catholic theology as a misdirected attempt to relieve suffering.</p>","PeriodicalId":44238,"journal":{"name":"Linacre Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"00243639261450675"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13221375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148139012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}