Audiology Research最新文献

{"title":"Validation of the Second Version of the LittlEARS^® Early Speech Production Questionnaire (LEESPQ) in Romanian-Speaking Children with Normal Hearing.","authors":"Alina-Catalina Ivanov, Luminita Radulescu, Sebastian Cozma, Madalina Georgescu, Bogdan Cobzeanu, Adriana Neagos, Petronela Moraru, Alma Maniu, Corina Butnaru","doi":"10.3390/audiolres15010009","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres15010009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> The objectives of the current study were to validate the LittlEARS^® Early Speech Production Questionnaire (LEESPQ) in Romanian and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Romanian version of the questionnaire for Romanian children with normal hearing. The LEESPQ was created and tested for the assessment of preverbal and early verbal skills (0-18 months) in children with normal hearing. <b>Methods:</b> The English version of the LittlEARS^® Early Speech Production Questionnaire (LEESPQ) was adapted into Romanian language using a translation/back-translation procedure and validation of the content before applying the questionnaire. The Romanian version was applied to the parents of 232 children with normal hearing, aged between 0 and 18 months. The questionnaire was statistically analyzed to assess its reliability, internal consistency, predictive accuracy, and the influence of gender on children's scores. <b>Results:</b> Statistical analyses confirmed the LEESPQ's reliability (α = 0.876) and high predictive accuracy (λ = 0.951). Age correlated strongly with total scores (ρ = 0.67; p < 0.001), supporting the age-dependent progression of speech production milestones. Gender did not significantly affect the scores. Normative curves and minimum expected scores were established for each age group. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study confirmed that the Romanian version of the LEESPQ is a reliable, valid, language-independent instrument, useful in the assessment of language development in children with normal hearing, aged up to 18 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual and Acoustic Aspects of Face Masks Affect Speech Intelligibility in Listeners with Different Hearing Statuses.","authors":"Pauline Rohner, Rasmus Sönnichsen, Sabine Hochmuth, Andreas Radeloff","doi":"10.3390/audiolres15010007","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres15010007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> When speaking while wearing a face mask, sound transmission is attenuated, and visual cues are lost due to the covered facial movements of the speaker. In this study, we investigated the extent to which different face masks alter speech intelligibility in individuals with different degrees of hearing impairment. <i>Methods:</i> A total of fifty participants were divided into four hearing status groups according to the degree of hearing loss: normal levels (16), mild (13), moderate (11), and severe (10). A modified version of the Audiovisual German Matrix Sentence Test (AV-OLSA) was used to assess speech perception in noise in five conditions (audiovisual, audio-only, visual-only, surgical mask, and FFP2 mask). <i>Results:</i> Our results show that acoustic attenuations of face masks cause a small but similar decrease in speech reception thresholds (SRTs) in listeners of different hearing statuses. The effect of visual cues (visual benefit) on SRTs was stronger than the effect of acoustic attenuation but also did not differ significantly between the different hearing status groups, with a median difference of 1.5 dB for mild hearing loss, 2.9 dB for moderate hearing loss, and 2.7 dB for severe hearing loss. The best-aided hearing status did not correlate with visual benefit. <i>Conclusions:</i> Our research confirms the importance of providing visual cues for speech reception in noisy environments, especially for individuals with impaired hearing, regardless of their degree of hearing loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Resolution EEG Amplifiers Are Feasible for Electrocochleography Without Time Restriction.","authors":"Florian Josef Schertenleib, Sabine Hochmuth, Jana Annina Müller, Pascale Sandmann, Andreas Radeloff","doi":"10.3390/audiolres15010008","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres15010008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The gold standard for electrocochleography (ECochG) is using dedicated recording devices for auditory evoked potentials. However, these have a very limited time window for recording. The aim of this study is to evaluate EEG amplifiers for ECochG, in particular for recording cochlear microphonics (CMs) without time restriction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three high-resolution EEG amplifiers and different types of electrodes were analyzed and compared with a clinical system for recording auditory evoked potentials. For this, CMs were recorded after stimulation with various stimuli in a dummy and in human subjects. In the latter, recordings were made from the tympanic membrane and, during otosurgical procedures, from the promontory. Our evaluation focused on comparing signal amplifiers and electrode types, considering the signal-to-noise ratio, recording characteristics, and measurement reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using a dummy model, we observed significant differences among devices, electrode types, and stimulus frequencies. These findings were subsequently confirmed in human participant measurements. Nevertheless, EEG amplifiers proved to be feasible for ECochG recordings and offered a recording fidelity comparable to proprietary clinical methods. Importantly, with EEG amplifiers, we were able to record cochlear potentials in response to speech stimuli, revealing a strong correlation (r = 0.78) between recorded signals and the input stimulus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that high resolution EEG amplifiers are suitable for recording cochlear potentials, in particular, CMs. This allows for evaluating cochlear signals in response to extended stimuli, in particular, speech stimuli.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unilateral Versus Bilateral Cochlear Implants in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study Across Multiple Hearing Domains.","authors":"Alessandra Pantaleo, Luigi Curatoli, Giada Cavallaro, Debora Auricchio, Alessandra Murri, Nicola Quaranta","doi":"10.3390/audiolres15010006","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres15010006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess the subjective experiences of adults with different cochlear implant (CI) configurations-unilateral cochlear implant (UCI), bilateral cochlear implant (BCI), and bimodal stimulation (BM)-focusing on their perception of speech in quiet and noisy environments, music, environmental sounds, people's voices and tinnitus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey of 130 adults who had undergone UCI, BCI, or BM was conducted. Participants completed a six-item online questionnaire, assessing difficulty levels and psychological impact across auditory domains, with responses measured on a 10-point scale. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the subjective experiences of the three groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients reported that understanding speech in noise and tinnitus perception were their main concerns. BCI users experienced fewer difficulties with understanding speech in both quiet (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and noisy (<i>p</i> = 0.008) environments and with perceiving non-vocal sounds (<i>p</i> = 0.038) compared to UCI and BM users; no significant differences were found for music perception (<i>p</i> = 0.099), tinnitus perception (<i>p</i> = 0.397), or voice naturalness (<i>p</i> = 0.157). BCI users also reported less annoyance in quiet (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and noisy (<i>p</i> = 0.047) environments, and in the perception of voices (<i>p</i> = 0.009) and non-vocal sounds (<i>p</i> = 0.019). Tinnitus-related psychological impact showed no significant differences between groups (<i>p</i> = 0.090).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although speech perception in noise and tinnitus remain major problems for CI users, the results of our study suggest that bilateral cochlear implantation offers significant subjective advantages over unilateral implantation and bimodal stimulation in adults, particularly in difficult listening environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Hearing Aids Improve Physical Activity in Adults with Hearing Loss? A Feasibility Study.","authors":"Maria V Goodwin, Katelynn Slade, Andrew P Kingsnorth, Emily Urry, David W Maidment","doi":"10.3390/audiolres15010005","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres15010005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Adults with hearing loss demonstrate poorer overall health outcomes (e.g., physical health, cognitive functioning and wellbeing) and lower levels of physical activity/function compared to those without hearing loss. Hearing aids have the potential to improve cognitive and wellbeing factors, but there is a dearth of evidence on their impact on physical health outcomes. Evidence on the association between hearing aid provision and physical activity is mostly limited to cross-sectional studies. This research aimed to assess whether a study can be performed to identify whether the provision of hearing aids can improve physical activity. <b>Methods</b>: This study employed a preregistered observational (prospective cohort) study design of ten older adults (51-75 years) completed assessments at baseline and again at a six-week follow-up. The participants wore an accelerometer (ActiGraph GT9X) without feedback for the full duration of the study. Feasibility was determined using pre-defined criteria, including study drop-out, adherence to accelerometer use and willingness. A battery of health outcomes was also assessed at baseline and follow-up. <b>Conclusions</b>: Overall, this study was perceived favourably, with all participants reporting that they enjoyed taking part. Participant retention was 100%, and adherence to the wrist-worn accelerometers was \"good\" (70%). However, recruitment was challenging, and some participants found the accelerometers to be burdensome. Descriptive statistics for all outcome measures showed non-significant changes in the expected direction (e.g., improved physical activity, cognition and wellbeing). Although the study was well received by participants, modifications to the recruitment strategy and activity tracking procedures are necessary before future large-scale trials assessing the effectiveness of hearing aids on physical activity can be undertaken.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory Total Score: What Really Counts? Experience on a Sample of 1156 Patients.","authors":"Roberto Teggi, Iacopo Cangiano, Marco Familiari, Vittorio Gioffrè, Alessandro Nobile, Omar Gatti","doi":"10.3390/audiolres15010004","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres15010004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tinnitus is a frequent symptom, and is present in 10-15% of people who suffer from chronic tinnitus, defined as heard every day for at least 6 months. Among these, 1-2% develop a strong emotive reaction, anxiety, and depression, leading to poor quality of life.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>to evaluate the comorbidities in tinnitus sufferers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In our retrospective study, we collected data on 1156 subjects with tinnitus present for at least 3 months, including age, audiometric exam, THI questionnaire, vascular disorders, fluctuations, causal factors, lifetime psychiatric disorders, and the presence of migraine. A linear regression model was used to assess the independent role of these variables on the THI total score representing tinnitus annoyance. A lifetime history of psychiatric disorders and migraine were predictive for the development of a disabling tinnitus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among comorbidities a history of previous psychiatric disorders was predictive for developing tinnitus. Moreover, no correlation has been found between hearing level and THI total score.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data are not inconsistent with the hypothesis that psychological disorders and a particular personality trait may be the main causal factors for tinnitus annoyance.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual Reliance in Severe Hearing Loss: Visual Evoked Potentials (VEPs) Study.","authors":"Takwa Gabr, Ahmed Hashem, Sherihan Rezk Ahmed, Mohamed G Zeinhom","doi":"10.3390/audiolres15010003","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres15010003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral hearing loss is associated with the cross-modal re-organization of the auditory cortex, which can occur in both pre- and post-lingual deaf cases.</p><p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Whether to rely on the visual cues in cases with severe hearing loss with adequate amplification is a matter of debate. So, this study aims to study visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in children with severe or profound HL, whether fitted with HAs or CIs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included three groups of children matched in age and gender: normal hearing, children with hearing thresholds >70 dBHL and fitted with power HAs, and children fitted with CIs. All cases were subjected to pure tone audiometry (aided and unaided), speech discrimination scores, ophthalmic examinations, and visual evoked potentials (VEPs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SD% scores significantly improved with the use of VCs in both CI and HL groups, and a significantly higher P100 amplitude of VEPs in both CI and HL groups (more in children fitted with CIs).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cross-modal reorganization in severe degrees of HL is of great benefit whether they are fitted with HAs or CIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Factors for Hearing Loss in Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection.","authors":"Virginia Corazzi, Lucia Belen Musumano, Andrea Migliorelli, Laura Negossi, Chiara Bianchini, Francesco Stomeo, Stefano Pelucchi, Andrea Ciorba","doi":"10.3390/audiolres15010002","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres15010002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study aims to identify potential predictive factors for developing sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in individuals with congenital Cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was performed on 50 subjects with cCMV infection (symptomatic and asymptomatic), followed at the Audiology Service of Sant'Anna Hospital (University Hospital of Ferrara). The following data were analyzed: the type of maternal Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection (primary versus non-primary), time of in utero infection, systemic signs and symptoms or laboratory test anomalies due to cCMV infection, and signs and symptoms of central nervous system (CNS) involvement at birth. In particular, brain ultrasonography and encephalic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were evaluated, searching for possible links between imaging findings and SNHL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The statistical analysis showed a significantly higher risk of developing SNHL in subjects with signs and symptoms of CNS involvement at birth (<i>p</i> = 0.009 *). The presence of brain MRI abnormalities significantly influenced the onset of SNHL in patients with symptomatic cCMV infection (<i>p</i> = 0.012 *). Brain ultrasonography, the type of maternal CMV infection, systemic signs/symptoms and laboratory test anomalies at birth, and sex resulted in nonsignificant correlations in the analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The presence of neurological symptoms at birth and of detectable abnormalities in brain MRI are predictors of SNHL developing in symptomatic cCMV infection. Further investigation on this topic is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental Stress, Learned Helplessness, and Perceived Social Support in Mothers of Children with Hearing Loss and Mothers of Typically Developing Children.","authors":"Usha Shastri, Niya Prakasan, Lakshmi Satheesan, Kaushlendra Kumar, Mohan Kumar Kalaiah","doi":"10.3390/audiolres15010001","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres15010001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Hearing loss in children can have a detrimental impact on their development, thus lowering the psychological well-being of parents. This study examined the amount of parental stress, learned helplessness, and perceived social support in mothers of children with hearing loss (MCHL) and mothers of typically developing children (MTDC), as well as the relationship between various possible contributing factors to parental stress such as learned helplessness and perceived social support. <b>Method:</b> Three questionnaires measured parental stress (Parental Stress Scale; PSS), learned helplessness (Learned Helplessness Scale; LHS), and perceived social support (Perceived Social Support-Friends PSS-Fr and Perceived Social Support-Family PSS-Fa Scale) in 100 MCHL and 90 MTDC. All mothers had normal hearing and children aged 1 to 12 years. Mothers of children with any degree of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, using hearing aids and/or cochlear implants, were included in the MCHL group. Children with hearing loss did not have any additional disabilities. <b>Results:</b> Parental stress and learned helplessness were not significantly different between the groups. The perceived social support was significantly lower in MCHL as compared to MTDC. Pearson correlation analysis with pooled data from both groups showed a small but significant negative correlation between parental stress and perceived social support. A moderately significant positive correlation existed between learned helplessness and parental stress. The relationship between learned helplessness and perceived social support was negative, being small but significant. <b>Conclusions:</b> The study findings indicate that parental stress was similar in both groups. As perceived social support increased, parental stress and learned helplessness decreased. Thus, the present study findings indicate the need for developing greater social support for MCHL.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Inter-Frequency Amplitude Ratio (1000/500 Hz) in cVEMP and oVEMP for the Diagnosis of Ménière's Disease.","authors":"Sacha Drabkin, Antonino Maniaci, Mario Lentini, Giannicola Iannella, Sophie Tainmont, Christophe Lelubre, Quentin Mat","doi":"10.3390/audiolres14060093","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres14060093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b>: to retrospectively evaluate the clinical relevance of the 1000/500 Hz inter-frequency amplitude ratio (IFAR) in cervical and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs and oVEMPs) in patients with unilateral definite Ménière's disease (MD) to identify the pathological ear. <b>Method</b>: cVEMPs and oVEMPs results obtained at 500 Hz and 1000 Hz were retrospectively analyzed in 28 patients with unilateral definite MD. 1000/500 Hz IFAR were calculated and compared for each ear. Spearman correlation tests between patient age and 1000/500 Hz IFAR were also performed. <b>Results</b>: No significant difference was observed between the 1000/500 Hz IFAR calculated in both pathological and healthy ears when the cVEMPs were performed (<i>p</i> = 0.74; Wilcoxon signed-rank test). 1000/500 Hz IFAR results obtained in healthy and pathological ears were also not different for oVEMPs (<i>p</i> = 0.73; Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Analysis of modified 1000/500 Hz IFARs for healthy and pathological ears showed no difference in both cVEMPs and oVEMPs (<i>p</i> = 0.44; <i>p</i> = 0.95, respectively; Wilcoxon signed-rank test). There was a significant positive correlation between IFARs, modified IFARs, and patient age for cVEMPs (<i>p</i> = 0.017; <i>p</i> = 0.012, respectively, Spearman's correlation test). A significant positive correlation was also found between modified IFARs and the subject age in oVEMPs (<i>p</i> = 0.019, Spearman's correlation test). <b>Conclusions</b>: We did not observe any significant increase of 1000/500 Hz IFARs and 1000/500 Hz modified IFARs in ears affected by definite MD compared to healthy ears. Moreover, our research suggests that the age of the participants may influence IFAR results, which may lead to misdiagnosis in the elderly. It is, therefore, essential to conduct further prospective studies in larger cohorts, stratifying results by participant age, to better understand the role of 1000/500 Hz IFAR values in the diagnosis of MD.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"14 6","pages":"1126-1135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11673945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}