Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Blood Donation Frequency on the Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Donors.","authors":"Collince Odiwuor Ogolla, Bernard Guyah, Apollo O Maima","doi":"10.1155/ghe3/6687660","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ghe3/6687660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Regular blood donation has been associated with lower cardiovascular risk in some studies, possibly through mechanisms involving reduced iron stores and oxidative stress.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study investigated the association between blood donation frequency and cardiovascular risk factors among voluntary blood donors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cross-sectional study examined blood donors classified into regular donors and occasional donors. Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose, and total cholesterol levels were measured. Standard clinical criteria were used to determine the cardiovascular risk factors. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests were analyzed to compare the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to control for possible confounding variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regular donors demonstrated lower blood pressure measurements, which included systolic blood pressure of 118 ± 12 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of 77 ± 8 mmHg. Donors who donated regularly demonstrated a lower BMI of 24.5 ± 3.1 kg/m² compared to donors who donated occasionally. Regular donors showed lower rates of hypertension, 22% compared to 39%, and elevated cholesterol, 21% compared to 35%, with a statistical significance of p = 0.04. The study found no differences between the groups regarding their fasting glucose levels or diabetes rates. Regular donors had lower odds of hypertension (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.30-0.89) and elevated cholesterol (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.33-0.95), while the association with overweight/obesity did not reach statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Regular blood donation was associated with more favorable cardiovascular risk profiles among donors in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":44052,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e6687660"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13478795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148765805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Transfusion-Transmitted Infections Among Blood Donors in a Tertiary Hospital in Kenya.","authors":"Collince Odiwuor Ogolla, Bernard Guyah, Apollo O Maima, Benson Amayo","doi":"10.1155/ghe3/6646626","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ghe3/6646626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Most health-related conditions depend on blood transfusions for their care. However, transfusion-related infections (transfusion-transmitted infections [TTIs]) remain one of the most important concerns in the area of health care across settings of resource-poor regions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to determine the status of TTI and some of the risks related to donated blood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved 347 participants who donated blood voluntarily to participate in a cross-sectional research study. Blood samples were tested for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, syphilis, and malaria. Structured questionnaire was used to gather demographic information and health history data. Data analysis was done through descriptive statistics while using Fisher's exact test to evaluate exploratory associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of TTIs was low with hepatitis B occurring in 1.85% of blood donations and malaria in 2.78% of blood donations. The testing process identified no instances of HIV, syphilis, or hepatitis C. The study could only analyze associations between variables because there were so few positive cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of TTIs among blood donors was low. More extensive multicenter research is necessary to determine risk factors and enhance blood safety protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":44052,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e6646626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13184166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147976153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Effectiveness of Mouthwash, Rinses, Salt Water, and Toothpastes on the Oral Health of Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review: Pregnancy and Oral Health\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1155/ghe3/9754054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ghe3/9754054","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44052,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e9754054"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13491144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors Associated With Major Skin Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study From Bangladesh.","authors":"Md Abrar Ashfaq Khan, Md Rashed Babu, Mohammad Ohid Ullah","doi":"10.1155/ghe3/8995557","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ghe3/8995557","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Skin diseases are prevalent in Bangladesh, affecting individuals across all age groups and significantly impacting both personal and community health.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to identify risk factors associated with certain skin diseases in Bangladesh, specifically examining lifestyle, environmental, food-related, and heritable factors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methodology: &lt;/strong&gt;A cross-sectional study was conducted across three major divisions in Bangladesh (Dhaka, Rangpur, and Chattogram) from December 2022 to July 2023. Data were collected from 788 respondents using a structured questionnaire through a purposive quota sampling technique. The questionnaire covered self-reported skin disease status, sociodemographic characteristics, and potential risk factors. The analysis employed univariate tools, principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce correlated risk factors into uncorrelated components, and principal component logistic regression (PCLR) to assess associations. Goodness-of-fit testing was conducted to validate model calibration, and sensitivity analyses adjusting for sociodemographic confounders were performed to confirm the robustness of identified associations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Among the 788 respondents, 61.80% (n = 487) reported skin diseases. Among these, atopic dermatitis was the most prevalent condition (72.07%), followed by fungal infection (26.90%), acne vulgaris (20.74%), seborrheic dermatitis (13.55%), and psoriasis (8.21%); as multiple conditions could be reported concurrently, these percentages are not mutually exclusive. Through PCA and PCLR analyses, several associations were initially identified. Following rigorous goodness-of-fit testing, two associations demonstrated adequate model calibration: heritable factors were significantly associated with fungal infection, and environmental factors were significantly associated with acne vulgaris. A one-unit increase in heritable factors (for instance, having an additional family member with skin disease) increased the odds of fungal infection by 34% in unadjusted models (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.08-1.66), and a one-unit increase in environmental factors increased the odds of acne vulgaris by 45% in unadjusted models (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.16-1.80). After adjusting for age, sex, division, and disease-specific confounders, these associations remained significant (adjusted OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.09-1.74 for fungal infection; adjusted OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.05-1.67 for acne vulgaris), confirming their robustness.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study provides valuable insights into risk factors associated with skin diseases in Bangladesh. The findings highlight that family history plays a significant role in fungal infection susceptibility, while environmental exposures are important determinants of acne vulgaris. The study underscores the importance of rigorous goodness-of-fit testing and confounder adjustment in observa","PeriodicalId":44052,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e8995557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13283032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148296770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Self-Reported Symptoms Among Adults After COVID-19 Infection in the West Bank: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.","authors":"Tareq Jarrar, Noor Halaseh, Duha Doudin, Peter Bael, Atheer Shaheen, Eyad Jobeh, Ahmad Abu Sada, Ahmad Abu Awwad, Bayan Alqtishat, Hussein Hallak","doi":"10.1155/ghe3/2867843","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ghe3/2867843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>With growing recognition of the prolonged effects of COVID-19, there is an urgent need to understand its extended clinical and public health implications across diverse settings. Long-term consequences following SARS-CoV-2 infection remain insufficiently studied in Middle Eastern populations. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of persistent COVID-19 symptoms among Palestinian adults and to evaluate their associations with hospitalization and recovery duration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted on a randomized sample of 407 adult COVID-19 patients confirmed by the Palestinian Ministry of Health between November 25 and December 15, 2020. We used a standardized Arabic questionnaire to cover demographics, medical history, symptoms, complications, and physical activity. Data were gathered by phone interviews in October 2021. All data came from self-reports. With significance defined at <i>p</i> < 0.05, associations between the symptom duration, hospitalization, and recovery time were examined using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population had a mean age of 40 years; 54% were female, and 70.3% had no previous medical history. Common complaints were fatigue (64.9%), anosmia (61.9%), joint pain (52.6%), and headache (51.8%). Hospitalization was necessary in 7.6% of patients, while 5.9% required oxygen or intubation. Most patients (92.6%) recovered in 4 months. The persistence of chest pain (<i>χ</i> ², 16.225), shortness of breath (<i>χ</i> ², 13.257), and lethargy (<i>χ</i> ², 8.194) was significantly associated with hospitalization (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The persistence of the previously mentioned symptoms was significantly associated with the duration of recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study offers valuable insights into the long-term symptoms experienced by individuals recovering from COVID-19 in the West Bank. The findings carry implications for clinicians, public health authorities, and affected individuals, highlighting the importance of integrated care strategies and sustained support throughout the postacute phase of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":44052,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2867843"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12782249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Donor History on the Risk of Transfusion-Related Infections.","authors":"Collince Odiwuor Ogolla, Benard Guya, Apollo O Maima","doi":"10.1155/ghe3/8585241","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ghe3/8585241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transfusion-related infections are a severe threat to the safety of transfusing blood products internationally. Advances in screening procedures have not, nevertheless, rendered blood transfusion a risk-free procedure for transmitting infectious disease(s).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to determine donors' histories that could influence the possibility of transfusion-related infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study. Data for 108 donors were retrieved from donor medical records and donor screening forms. Variables were analyzed for their link with TRIs. The diagnosis of TRIs was established based on the results of a clinical examination and laboratory tests. Using descriptive statistics as well as chi-square tests and logistic regression, data were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total donor sample, 13.9% of donor blood units were found to be infected with TTI and were therefore not transfused to the patients; in these cases, 4.6% had hepatitis B infections, whereas 3.7% had HIV infections and 5.6% had malaria infections. Past donor experience and risky behavior, which include intravenous drug use and other risky sexual practices, show a significant association between the increased risk of TRIs (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The odds of transfusion-transmitted infections among repeat donors as compared to first-time donors were marginally high (<i>p</i>=0.04). These independent risk factors for transfusion-related infections were hepatitis B and HIV.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study calls for a deliberate consideration of donor history, especially previous donation records, medical conditions, and high-risk behaviors, in the prevention of transfusion-related infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":44052,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8585241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12629674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145565813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Soil-Transmitted Helminths Among Students in Fogera District, Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Miseganaw Sisay, Tadesse Hailu, Woyneshet Gelaye, Alemtsehay Kolech, Solomon Alebele, Destaw Damtie","doi":"10.1155/ghe3/3259544","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ghe3/3259544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection is a widespread problem globally, particularly in rural areas. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of STH infection is high. The prevalence of <i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i> and hookworm infections has not diminished in spite of the nation's strict STH prevention and control measures for decants. Additionally, variables linked to the high prevalence of <i>A. lumbricoides</i> and hookworm infections are not adequately addressed.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of STHs among students in the Fogera district, northwest Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study design was employed in two primary schools in the Fogera district in February-March 2023. The stool samples were collected from the students and examined using saline wet mount and double Kato-Katz technique. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS Version 25. Descriptive statistics was used to compute the prevalence of STHs. Factors associated with hookworm and <i>A. lumbricoides</i> infections were analyzed by logistic regression. Variables with <i>p</i> < 0.05 in the multivariate logistic regression were considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 463 schoolchildren, totally, the prevalence of STHs was 25.3%. The prevalence of <i>A. lumbricoides</i> and hookworm infections was 55 (11.9%) and 62 (13.4%), respectively. Mothers' lack of education (AOR = 24.99; 95% CI = 7.05-88.67; <i>p</i> < 0.001), fathers' lack of education (AOR = 3.03; 95% CI = 1.18-7.7; <i>p</i> = 0.021), school latrine nonusage at school (AOR = 4.53; 95% CI = 1.89-10.95; <i>p</i> < 0.001), untrimmed fingernails (AOR = 7.31; 95% CI = 2.57-20.81; <i>p</i> < 0.001), no handwashing after toilet use (AOR = 14.87; 95% CI = 3.97-55.75; <i>p</i> < 0.001), no handwashing before eating (AOR = 30.05; 95% CI = 11.05-81.74; <i>p</i> < 0.001), the absence of handwashing facility at home (AOR = 5.86; 95% CI = 2.19-15- 64; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and irregular wearing of shoes (AOR = 18.59; 95% CI = 6.89-50.13; <i>p</i> < 0.001) were significantly associated with STH infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of <i>A. lumbricoides</i> was significant. Poor implementation of water, sanitation, and hygiene was a risk factor for <i>A. lumbricoides</i> and hookworm infection. Hence, health education on the transmission of STHs should be advocated to parents and schoolchildren.</p>","PeriodicalId":44052,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3259544"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12595231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145483272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated With Alcohol Use Disorder Among People Attending Primary Health Care Facilities in Rupandehi District, Nepal.","authors":"Chet Kant Bhusal, Sigma Bhattarai, Savyata Panthi, Ashok Chhatkuli, Aishwarya Verma, Ananya Kunwar Chhetri, Anwiti Parajuli, Ayushma Khanal, Jainab Khan, Madhav Basyal, Sagar Panta","doi":"10.1155/ghe3/2790450","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ghe3/2790450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a global public health issue, impacting individuals physiologically, socially, and mentally. Limited studies were conducted to explore associated factors in Nepal. This study aims to assess AUD prevalence and associated factors among people attending primary healthcare services in Rupandehi, Nepal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 688 individuals attending primary healthcare facilities of Rupandehi district, Nepal, using multistage probability sampling technique. The study utilized validated AUD identification test (AUDIT) in its Nepali version for screening AUD. To assess relationships between dependent and independent variables, bivariate analysis was initially conducted. Variables that showed significant association with dependent variable having <i>p</i> value < 0.05 were then included in a multivariate logistic regression model to identify final associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of AUD was 30.8% (CI: 27.4-34.4). About 62.8% are in low risk, 26.7% higher risk, 5.1% harmful and hazardous, and 5.4% in alcohol dependence. Respondents aged ≥ 50 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.26, CI: 0.11-0.61), female (AOR = 0.14, CI: 0.07-0.28), non-Hindu (AOR = 0.05, CI: 0.01-0.43), ≥ SLC education (AOR = 0.16, CI: 0.08-0.31) were negatively associated with AUD. Whereas, Newar (AOR = 4.10, CI: 1.00-16.88), rural areas (AOR = 1.57, CI: 1.02-2.42), joint family (AOR = 1.58, CI: 1.05-2.37), daily wages (AOR = 3.57, CI: 1.10-11.56), food sufficiency of 6-9 months (AOR = 1.94, CI: 1.01-3.75), habit of alcohol (AOR = 8.46, CI: 5.28-13.55) friends' history of alcohol (AOR = 2.16, CI: 1.19-3.94) and intimate partners' history of alcohol (AOR = 2.16, CI: 1.30-3.75) were positively associated with AUD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nearly one-third of the respondents' experiences AUD, with factors including age, sex, ethnicity, residential status, religion, family type, education, occupation, food sufficiency from own land, personal alcohol habits, and social connections. Hence, this study recommends screening and treatment in primary healthcare, emphasizing government orientation for healthcare workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":44052,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2790450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12503998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145253152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Influence of Oral Health on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Narrative Review: Oral Health and Pregnancy Outcomes.","authors":"Muhammad Mohsin Javaid, Samina Naeem Khalid, Shahzad Ali Khan, Hina Nasim, Mudassar Mushtaq Jawad Abbasi, Shahzad Ahmad, Shazia Iqbal, Muhammad Farooq Umer","doi":"10.1155/ghe3/9304496","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ghe3/9304496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral health significantly impacts overall health, with increasing evidence linking poor oral health to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Periodontal disease, a chronic gum condition, is associated with preterm birth, low birth weight, and preeclampsia. Systemic inflammation and bacterial translocation are proposed mechanisms connecting periodontal disease to pregnancy complications. Maternal immune responses may be impaired, increasing systemic inflammation, and triggering preterm labor. In addition, oral bacteria may reach the uterus, causing localized inflammation and poor outcomes. Intervention trials show mixed results-some small studies report improved birth outcomes after periodontal treatment, while larger trials show no significant effect. These discrepancies highlight the need for further research on patient subgroups, disease categories, and treatment strategies. Prenatal care should emphasize preventive dental care, including regular checkups, good oral hygiene, and treatment of periodontal disease. Addressing oral health during pregnancy can improve outcomes for both mother and child. Future studies should explore the oral-systemic connection, host susceptibility, and effective interventions for at-risk individuals. Comprehensive oral health care during pregnancy offers the potential to reduce adverse outcomes and promote better maternal and fetal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":44052,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9304496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrolevel Analysis of Labour Productivity Losses Associated With Breast Cancer Among Women in 47 African Countries.","authors":"Mustapha Immurana, Ibrahim Abdullahi, Kingsford Norshie, Elvis Reindolf Kale, Abdul-Aziz Iddrisu, Irene Honam Tsey, Evelyn Acquah, Maxwell Ayindenaba Dalaba","doi":"10.1155/ghe3/4330365","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ghe3/4330365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Breast cancer remains one of the major diseases affecting women in the world. Relative to high-income settings, women in low-income settings such as Africa are less likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer and are more likely to die when they are affected by the disease. Apart from the negative health consequences of breast cancer, it could also reduce the labour productivity (LP) of the affected persons, at both the micro- and macrolevels. Nonetheless, empirical evidence on LP effects of breast cancer are scant and mostly focused on the microlevel and, hence, do not provide broader insights into the productivity losses associated with the disease. This study, to the best of our knowledge, therefore, provides the first cross-country macrolevel empirical evidence of the effect of breast cancer (among women) on LP in Africa. <b>Methods:</b> The study uses data on 47 African countries spanning the period 1992-2021. Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) associated with breast cancer in women is used as the baseline measure of breast cancer, while Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) and deaths associated with the disease in women are used as robustness measures. The system Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) regression is used as the main estimation technique, while two other estimators are used for robustness purposes. <b>Results:</b> Our analysis reveals a negative statistically significant association between breast cancer DALYs and LP. Specifically, we find a percentage increase in breast cancer DALYs to be associated with a 0.27% and 0.87% fall in LP in the short- and long-run periods, respectively, at the 1% level of significance. The findings are robust using the other measures of breast cancer and different estimation techniques. <b>Conclusion:</b> There is a need to enhance measures towards breast cancer prevention and control in Africa such as timely diagnosis, all-inclusive management of breast cancer, health promotion geared towards early detection and the creation of dependable referral systems to significantly reduce its associated LP losses.</p>","PeriodicalId":44052,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4330365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12283186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}