Journal of Legal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Reducing the Justice Gap and Improving Health through Medical-Legal Partnerships.","authors":"Danya E Keene,&nbsp;Sascha Murillo,&nbsp;Emily A Benfer,&nbsp;Alice Rosenthal,&nbsp;Ada M Fenick","doi":"10.1080/01947648.2020.1816233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01947648.2020.1816233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A recent study by the Legal Services Corporation reported that 71% of low-income U.S. households experienced at least one civil legal problem in 2017 and that 86% of these needs went unresolved. In this article, we examine the potential for medical-legal partnerships (MLPs) to address this \"justice gap.\" We draw on qualitative interviews, conducted with 20 parents and guardians in one pediatric MLP, to identify barriers to legal access and examine how the MLP model may uniquely address these barriers. Our data suggest that MLPs can (1) identify legal needs and create awareness of legal rights among individuals who would not have sought legal services; (2) create an access point for legal services; (3) improve access to legal advice and brief intervention; (4) support ongoing relationships between patients and lawyers that allow for the timely identification of subsequent legal needs; (5) foster trust and confidence in the legal system; and (6) address affordability concerns. These findings suggest that by improving access to justice, MLPs can address critical social and legal determinants of health and, ultimately, advance health equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":44014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"40 2","pages":"229-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01947648.2020.1816233","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38560459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State-by-State Examination of Overdose Medical Amnesty Laws.","authors":"Thomas E Griner,&nbsp;Sheryl Strasser,&nbsp;Catherine B Kemp,&nbsp;Heather Zesiger","doi":"10.1080/01947648.2020.1819484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01947648.2020.1819484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Timely medical attention could decrease mortality following drug or alcohol overdose events, but overdose victims and witnesses often delay or fail to seek professional help because they fear police involvement. Statutes that provide immunity from criminal action can have an important impact on seeking timely treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically collected and reviewed medical amnesty laws (MALs; commonly known as \"Good Samaritan laws\") that are designed to encourage bystanders and others to contact authorities for assistance during overdose emergencies. Each law was coded to analyze (1) who receives statutory protections and under what circumstances; (2) what factors undercut the credibility of statutory protections; and (3) whether statutory language is easily attainable and understandable.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-seven states plus the District of Columbia have MALs, but provisions differ widely in their scope of protection. Some laws may be less effective than others in prompting calls for professional assistance because they either lack protections, allow overly broad discretion, or prove difficult to research.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Some statutes may be ineffective in encouraging calls for professional assistance following overdose events. Narrow immunity provisions with complex language may not be easily understood by the general population.</p>","PeriodicalId":44014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"40 2","pages":"171-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01947648.2020.1819484","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38560461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobile Point-of-Care Medical Photography: Legal Considerations for Health Care Providers.","authors":"Page Y Underwood,&nbsp;Kirk D Wyatt,&nbsp;Clara Greaney,&nbsp;Chris Derauf,&nbsp;Richard A Uribe,&nbsp;Joseph M Colaiano,&nbsp;Thomas R Hellmich","doi":"10.1080/01947648.2020.1816234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01947648.2020.1816234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medical photographs have been used for decades to document clinical findings. The ease with which medical photographs can be captured and integrated into the electronic health record (EHR) has increased as digital cameras obviated the need for the film development process. Today, cameras integrated into smartphones allow for high-resolution images to be instantly uploaded and integrated into the EHR. With major EHR vendors offering mobile smartphone applications for the conduct of point-of-care medical photography, health care providers and institutions need to be aware of legal questions that arise in the conduct of medical photography. Namely, (1) what are the requirements for consent when taking medical photographs, and how may photographs be used after consent is obtained, (2) are medical photographs admissible as evidence in court, and (3) how should a provider respond to a request by a patient or parent requesting that a photograph be deleted from the medical record? Herein, we review relevant laws and legal cases in the context of accepted standards of medical practice pertaining to point-of-care medical photography. This review is intended to aid health care providers and institutions seeking to develop or revise policies regarding using a mobile application at their clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":44014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"40 2","pages":"247-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01947648.2020.1816234","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38560457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual Obligations of Military Healthcare Providers","authors":"Brittany Jaccaud, K. Zucker, Jason D. Unsworth","doi":"10.1080/01947648.2020.1715743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01947648.2020.1715743","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"15 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83798557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physician-Assisted Death in the United States – 2019","authors":"M. Boyle, K. Zucker","doi":"10.1080/01947648.2020.1715722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01947648.2020.1715722","url":null,"abstract":"As of January of 2019, eight US jurisdictions have approved physician-assisted suicide (Oregon, 2006; Washington, 2009; Montana, 2011; Vermont, 2013; Colorado and California, 2016; the District of ...","PeriodicalId":44014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"4 - 4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79940041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safe and Responsible Use of Marijuana in California","authors":"M. G. Harris, R. Bitonte","doi":"10.1080/01947648.2020.1715740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01947648.2020.1715740","url":null,"abstract":"Californians approved The Control, Regulate and Tax Adult Use of Marijuana Act Proposition 64 in November 2016, which legalized the recreational use of marijuana. Legal use began shortly after Janu...","PeriodicalId":44014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":"14 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83191546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Truth-Telling and Compassion: Balancing Autonomy and Nonmaleficence Utilizing the Army-Baylor 7-Step Method of Analysis","authors":"Crystal M. Faucett, K. Zucker, C. Unsworth","doi":"10.1080/01947648.2020.1715729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01947648.2020.1715729","url":null,"abstract":"Physicians are charged with providing vital medical information to their patients. Medical students are trained to communicate difficult news to their patients. This poster examines how physicians ...","PeriodicalId":44014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"70 5","pages":"8 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01947648.2020.1715729","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72478654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Future of the Physician Shortage in Nevada","authors":"R. Ryan, Scott Goodsell, Weldon (Don) Havins","doi":"10.1080/01947648.2020.1715748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01947648.2020.1715748","url":null,"abstract":"As of 2016, Nevada was ranked 48th in the nation for the number of primary care physicians per capita and 47th in overall active physicians per capita. Historically, 50% of Accreditation Council fo...","PeriodicalId":44014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"53 1","pages":"20 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87621466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrosmog: What Is It? What Are the Effects?","authors":"M. G. Harris, R. Bitonte","doi":"10.1080/01947648.2020.1715738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01947648.2020.1715738","url":null,"abstract":"Electrosmog: What Is It? What Are the Effects? Michelle Gutierrez Harris, MHS, San Diego; Email – michelleann.gutierrez@gmail.com Robert A. Bitonte, MD, MA, JD, LLM, LLM, SJD candidate, Case Western Reserve University School of Law, Cleveland, OH; Email – rbitonte@aol.com Electrosmog is an umbrella term used to describe the exposure of combinations of high and low frequency electric fields, magnetic fields, and electromagnetic exposure in varying patterns, intensities, and environments at differing amounts of time. The desire for faster speeds and bandwidth has spurred continual technological improvements with its increased widespread use and exposure of the population to cellphones, cellphone LTE/5G towers, computers, laptops, notebooks, wireless networks/LANs, and other similarly daily used devices. Research has shown that exposure to electrosmog radiation has an effect on the blood, heart and the autonomic nervous system in humans in which heart palpitations induce pain or pressure in the chest accompanied by anxiety can cause autoimmune diseases and electromagnetic hypersensitivity in mice; and also has been shown to trigger sleep problems, headaches, nervousness, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating in humans. There are a multitude of other health issues such as leukemia, brain tumors, breast cancer that some investigators suspect a correlational link between these underlying health conditions and electrosmog. Conducting research in trying to prove detrimental effects of electrosmog can be difficult in a controlled setting, especially when it is so abundant in our environment. Very little is actually publicized about the known potential harmful effects of electromagnetic field radiation on human health. This can be a major issue for physicians confronting health conditions without an identifiable cause. In fact, there is considerable debate about the severity and consequences on human health caused by electrosmog. The effects of electrosmog are largely unknown and, if detrimental, need to be considered like any other hazardous toxin, such as asbestos and lead, in our environment. This necessitates more governmental research, particularly by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission regarding electrosmog indoors and outdoors, particularly with the set up of 5G cell phone towers in certain areas, and the effect of wireless networks. In order to enact federal, state, and local legislation, as well as regulations, that sensibly 2020 American College of Legal Medicine JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE 2020, VOL. 40, NO. S1, 12–13 https://doi.org/10.1080/01947648.2020.1715738 control electrosmog and its health effects, much research needs to be done to find the effect of electrosmog and its health consequences, if any. It is also vital to disseminate public health material and knowledge about the possible adverse affects of electrosmog in order to garner awareness and safety of our citizens. (References will be on the poster.) JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE ","PeriodicalId":44014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"230 1","pages":"12 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86691067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Need to Update Physical Therapy Practice Acts to Reflect Modern Practice Capabilities and Obligations","authors":"Drew D Snyder, R. Bitonte","doi":"10.1080/01947648.2020.1715749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01947648.2020.1715749","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"21 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80024505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}