Evolution of Federalism in Environmental Health: Federal, State, and Local Government Control.

IF 0.3 4区 医学 Q3 LAW
Jennifer R Black, Matthew Penn, Laurel Berman
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Environmental health sits at the intersection of public health and environmental protection. Governments often confront environmental health concerns through environmental laws. Authority to take actions like passing these laws is determined by federalism, which divides the authority to make laws and policies on various issues between those levels of government. However, tensions often arise when these levels of government attempt to share regulatory authority over environmental issues. Issues of federalism are especially prevalent in environmental health issues, where incidents not only cross state and local borders and affect different levels of government but may also involve both environmental and health agencies. This article describes the history of environmental federalism in the United States through the lens of public health, including how the regulatory structure transitioned from primarily state control to a more centralized federal system of governance. It also describes modern federalism in environmental health, the levels of government involved in environmental health decisions, and the legal authorities that allow these governments to regulate environmental health in the United States. Finally, this article describes the implications of federalism in environmental health.

环境健康联邦制的演变:联邦、州和地方政府的控制。
环境卫生是公共卫生和环境保护的交叉点。政府经常通过环境法来解决环境卫生问题。采取诸如通过这些法律等行动的权力是由联邦制决定的,联邦制将制定各种问题的法律和政策的权力分配给了各级政府。然而,当这些级别的政府试图分享环境问题的监管权力时,往往会出现紧张局势。联邦制问题在环境卫生问题中尤其普遍,在这些问题中,事件不仅跨越州和地方边界,影响到各级政府,而且还可能涉及环境和卫生机构。本文从公共卫生的角度描述了美国环境联邦制的历史,包括监管结构如何从主要的国家控制过渡到更集中的联邦治理体系。它还描述了环境健康方面的现代联邦制,参与环境健康决策的政府级别,以及允许这些政府管理美国环境健康的法律权威。最后,本文描述了联邦制对环境健康的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
3
期刊介绍: The Journal of Legal Medicine is the official quarterly publication of the American College of Legal Medicine (ACLM). Incorporated in 1960, the ACLM has among its objectives the fostering and encouragement of research and study in the field of legal medicine. The Journal of Legal Medicine is internationally circulated and includes articles and commentaries on topics of interest in legal medicine, health law and policy, professional liability, hospital law, food and drug law, medical legal research and education, the history of legal medicine, and a broad range of other related topics. Book review essays, featuring leading contributions to the field, are included in each issue.
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